• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.19-27
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• 1998

Color Display Tube (CDT) used in computer monitors, consists of many components. Deflection Yoke(DY) among them supplies the vertical and horizontal magnetic fields so that the spatial trajectories of electron beams are deflected according to the synchronization signals. If the magnetic fields are not correctly formed, there will be color blurring or blooming by a mis-convergence of each beam and the color image on screen may not be clear. Therefore, in the manufacture of DY. its quality is strictly examined to get the desired convergence and the occurred mis-convergence can be cured by sticking ferrite sheets on the inner part of DY. However, because it needs expert's knowledge and experience to find the proper position of the sheet, this article introduces an intelligent controller that the knowledge-base represented by a neuro-fuzzy model is used to find the optimal position of the ferrite sheet for the convergence.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2003

본 연구는 간장이 첨가된 돈육을 텀블링 및 침지 처리하여 염지하는 동안의 품질특성 변화를 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다. 침지한 처리구는 간장용액을 첨가 후 1$^{\circ}C$의 냉장상태에서 10분, 20분, 30분, 24시간, 48시간 경과한 후, 텀블링 처리구는 10분, 20분, 30분간 연속식으로 텀블링한 후 실험을 실시하였으며, 텀블링한 시료의 일부는 24시간 및 48시간 동안 냉장저장 후 pH, 육색, 제품수율, 가열수율, 보수력, 연도, 관능검사를 실시하였다. 가열전 텀블링 처리구와 침지 처리구의 pH는 차이가 없었으며, L-값은 가열 전.후 24시간 및 48시간 경과한 염지육에서 침지 처리구가 텀블링 처리구보다 낮은 값을 보였다. 제품 수율은 두 처리구 모두 염지 시간이 경과함에 따라 증가하였으며, 텀블링 처리구가 침지 처리구보다 높은 수율을 보였다. 또한 가열 수율도 텀블링 처리구가 침지 처리구보다 높게 나타났다. 텀블링 처리구의 보수력과 전단력은 텀블링 시간이 증가함에 따라 상승하였으며, 텀블링 처리구가 침지 처리구보다 연도상승 효과가 있었다. 관능평가에서 조직감, 다즙성, 전체적 기호도에서 텀블링한 처리구가 보다 높은 점수를 받았으나, 색, 풍미, 조직감, 다즙성, 짠맛, 전체적 기호도 항목에서 두 처리구간 염지시간에 따른 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과에서 텀블링 처리는 기존의 침지 처리에 비해 제품수율, 가열수율, 연도를 향상시킬 수 있었고, 30분 텀블링 후 24시간과 48시간의 지연시간이 경과한 경우에도 48시간 동안의 침지처리보다 우수한 제품을 제조할 수 있었다. 하지만 본 실험의 결과로 나타내지 않았으나 30분 이상 텀블링을 실시해 본 결과 시료의 일부가 찢겨지는 등의 문제가 발생되어 30분 이내에서의 텀블링이 유효할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.66-75
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• 1996

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of high temperature and humidity on the ageing of processed leaf tobacco. Four(1993) or six(1994) grades (Both flued-cured and burley) of processed leaf packed in carton box were stored under the natural and artificial conditions. When the Processed leaf was stored in the controlled mom at 40℃ with 75% R.H.(1993) for 40 days, the leaf pH was decreased. The decreasing rate of leaf pH was similar to that of leaf stored under the natural warehouse condition for 15 months. The degree of lightness and yellowness of leaf also decreased, while the decaying or darkening of the leaf was observed. When the processed leaf was stored in the controlled room at 35℃ with 65% R.H.(1994) for 90 days, the pH of flue-cured was decreased 0.22, which was similar to that of the leaf stored under the natural warehouse condition for 15 months, and the lightness, and redness of the leaf were higher than those of the control. As compared with the leaf stored under the natural condition for 2 years, the smoking quality of leaf stored under this condition was similar or somewhat better. The pH of burley tobacco changed little compared to that of flue-cured during storage in this study.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.39-47
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• 1985

Normally cultured aromatic tobaccos, KA 101 and KA 103, were primed progressively in three-leaf segments, either 7 days before bud, bud, or early flower stage with 7 days interval, respectively, The cured leaves were weighed for yield, graded, analyzed for quality-related constituents including volatile aroma components. Also the cured leaves were manufactured and smoked by panelists. Yield and quality by price decreased with advancing ripeness. Reducing sugar, total nitrogen, protein nitrogen decreased with successive ripeness, but reverse in this trends with nicotine, petroleum ether extracts and volatile acids components. Among volatile neutral components, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, penethyl alcohol and p-cresol decreased, but solanone increased with delayed harvest. Neophytadiene, oxysolanone, furfuryl aceton was highest at mid harvest, which was judged to be best by panelists. Mid harvest, first primed at bud stage when leaf color comes to pale green to yellow green, seems to be highly recommendable.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 1983

This study was conducted to know changes in chemical components and some enzyme activity on tobacco leaves of NC2326 and Hyangchio (Nicotiana tabacum L. ) by different curing methods. The activity of $\alpha$, $\beta$-amylase and invertase of flue-cured tobacco variety NC2326 were higher than that of sun-cured variety Hyangchio. And the peak of all of enzyme activity in both varieties showed at about 60 hours (at color fixing stage) and 6 days (yellowing stage) after start of flue-curing and sun-curing, respectively. The peak time of reducing sugar content were same with the maximum enzyme activity during curing process in both varieties. During both curing process, the content of starch was greatly reduced and there was a corresponding increase in reducing sugars. Increase in total alkaloids content continued during flue-curing process in both varieties, but during sun-curing process total alkaloids content of NC 2326 were Increased whereas those of Hyangchio were decreased markedly.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.585-603
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• 1999

Esthetic availabilities used as an esthetic restorative maternals can be determined by the optical coincidence among materials, enamel and dentin. Enamel is highly translucent. That's why esthetic materials need to correspond the close translucency of enamel. But the translucent materials are affected by the background color. So it should be predicted that the color of estorative materials depend on the any thickness and the spectral reflectance of the background on which they are placed. The object of this investigation, under above hypothesis, was to determine and analyze how they affect the final color according to the thickness, translucency and background color (white, black and dentin) fill three commercial light cured composite resins(Charisma, Spectrum TPH and Z100). And correlation was analyzed to find out the possibility of the prediction when using the certain background color and thickness of materials. Followings are the result 1. The I shade of CHA showed the lowest contrast ratio($Co_7$) while the B3 shade of Z100 showed the highest contrast ratio(p<0.05). 2. The value of $L^*$ and $b^*$ on the white and dentin background is increased with decreasing thickness. And there are significant relationships between increasing thickness and each value(R>0.085). But there is a little change of $L^*$ and $b^*$ value on the black background regardless of the thickness(p>0.05). 3. For the $a^*$ value, there was little difference in values as a function of thickness and changed irregularly regardless of thickness in all background. 4. The pattern of increasing value of $L^*$ and $b^*$ with decreasing thickness was similar to the group of white and dentin background. In both dentin one showed lesser change of value. 5. The values of $L^*a^*b^*$ measured on the different background with same thickness showed the recognizable color difference(${\Delta}E^*$>2) when the thickness was below 2.6mm. 6. Contrast ratio was increased with increasing thickness with significant relationship (R>0.9). 7. Spectral reflectance of composite resins that calculated from Kubelka-Munk equation was showed little difference compared with observed value w1th decreasing thickness.

• 치과방사선
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.133-145
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• 1996

Aspirating or swallowing foreign bodies is a common occurrence. If they are wholly or partly radiopaque, their localization in and progress through the gastrointestinal tract can be more effective. Of the dental origin foreign materials swallowed, the most common things are fragments of anterior maxillary partial denture. But the radiopacity of denture base resins is not sufficient to determine the location of the objects. The purpose of this study was to develop a radiopaque dental acrylic resin, which has clinically detectible radiopacity with minimal change of mechanical properties and color. The radiopacity, color change(CIE 6..E) and microhardness of acrylic resins were determined after mixing barium sulfate or iodide compound. Thermocycling course was conducted to determine the change of characteristic of resins after using for a long time in the mouth. Five or ten percent of barium sulfate to total weight of cured material was mixed with heat curing dental acrylic resin or chemically curing orthodontic resin. In the case of iodide compound, the mixing ratio was two or three percent. After mixing the high radiopaque materials, resin was cured to 20×20×2 mm plate, polished with #600 sand paper and finally polished with Microcloth(Buehler). The specimens were thermocycled in 5 and 55 t distilled water for 2,000 times, and the measurement of radiopacity, color and Vickers hardness was repeated every 500 times thcrmocycling. The radiopacity of specimens on the X -ray films was measured with densitometer(X-rite). The color change was detennined with differential colorimeter(Model TC-6FX, Tokyo Denshoku), and the Vickers hardness number was measured with microhardness tester(Mitsuzawa). The following results were obtained : 1. All the three variables, the kinds of acrylic resins, the mixing or the kinds of high radiopaque materials and thermocycling, had combined effect on the radiopacity of the dental acrylic resins(p<0.0l). 2. The two variables, the mixing or the kinds of high radiopaque materials and thermocycling, influenced on the radiopacity of the dental acrylic resins(p<0.01). But the kinds of acrylic resins did not influence on the color change of mixed dental acrylic resins(p>0.05). 3. Each of the three variables, the kinds of acrylic resins, the mixing or the kinds of high radiopaque materials and thermocycling, influenced on the radiopacity of dental acrylic resins(p<0.0l). 4. The high radiopaque materials used in this study did not yield clinically usable radiopacity, and the color change was great after mixing those materials.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.150-156
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• 2016

이번 연구는 자가중합 임시치관용 레진의 표면 처리와 음식에 따른 색 안정성 확인을 위해 설계되었으며 ethyl methacrylate형의 SNAP 시편에 denture bur polishing, silicone bur polishing, pumice polishing의 3단계 표면 처리 후 커피와 콜라, 된장과 고추장, 레드 와인과 맥주에 침전한 블럭을 분광광도계로 관찰하여 초기 값과 비교한 ${\Delta}E^*$값을 알아보았다. 모든 시편에서 침전 시간과 표면 처리에 따라 나타난 착색의 차이는 시간의 변화에 따라 색 변화가 관찰되었다(p<0.001). 커피는 1일($2.59{\pm}1.08$), 5일($3.89{\pm}0.83$), 7일($4.53{\pm}0.22$) 모두 pumice polishing이 색 변화가 가장 많았다. 콜라는 1일($2.53{\pm}0.55$)과 5일($4.75{\pm}0.94$) pumice polishing이 색 변화가 가장 많았고, 7일($5.28{\pm}0.25$)은 denture bur polishing이 색 변화가 가장 많았다. 고추장은 1일($6.38{\pm}0.61$)과 5일($10.4{\pm}7.58$) silicone bur polishing이 색 변화가 가장 많았고 7일($12.44{\pm}2.82$)은 denture bur polishing이 색 변화가 가장 많았다. 반면 pumice polishing에서는 1일($6.09{\pm}1.03$), 5일($4.9{\pm}2.37$), 7일($5.33{\pm}0.64$) 모두 색 변화가 가장 적게 나타났다. 된장은 1일($1.37{\pm}0.35$)과 7일($4.98{\pm}0.55$)은 pumice polishing이 색 변화가 많았으며, 5일($2.61{\pm}0.38$)은 denture bur polishing이 색 변화가 가장 많았다. 레드 와인은 denture bur polishing이 1일($4.78{\pm}1.10$), 5일($12.69{\pm}3.06$), 7일($13.48{\pm}2.08$) 모두 색 변화가 가장 많았고, pumice polishing에서 1일($2.66{\pm}0.39$), 5일($8.56{\pm}0.16$), 7일($8.77{\pm}0.22$) 모두 색 변화가 가장 적게 나타났다, 맥주는 pumice polishing이 1일($4.15{\pm}0.47$), 5일($4.12{\pm}0.37$), 7일($4.53{\pm}0.89$) 모두 색 변화가 가장 많았으며 반면 silicone bur polishing이 1일($1.27{\pm}1.1$), 5일($2.3{\pm}0.32$), 7일($2.48{\pm}0.46$) 모두 색 변화가 가장 적게 나타났다. 이와 같이 자가중합 레진의 임시치관 색 안정성 제공을 위해 음식 섭취에 대한 주의가 필요하다. 선호 음식의 종류에 따라 표면 처리 방법을 선택할 수 있으며, 장기간의 임시치관 사용 시 주기적인 재제작도 고려할 필요가 있겠다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.69-74
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• 1986

Lactobacillus plantarum을 이용하여 햄의 품질과 풍미를 개선하고 염지 기간을 단축하기 위하여 공시균을 육내부에 접종한 후 염지 기간별로 세균수의 변화 및 이화학적 변화를 조사한 결과는 아래와 같다. 1. 염지 경과에 따른 염지육에 있어서의 대장균군은 기간이 지남에 따라 감소하는 경향이었고 저온균과 내염균은 4일까지 증가한후 다소 감소하였다. 2. 염지 경과에 따른 염지액에 있어서의 대장균군은 4일까지 증가한후 감소하였고 저온균 및 내염균은 7일가지 증가한후 감소하는 경향이었다. 3. pH의 변화는 염지육과 염지액에서 다같이 1일째 급속히 저하한후 서서히 증가하는 경향이었다. 4. 염지 육색은 7일째 84.05%의 발색율을 나타내어 가장 높았다. 5. 아미노산 조성은 17종의 아미노산중 7일과 10일째에 glutamic acid함량이 14.76%과 14.01%로 가장 높았다. 6. 지방산의 조성은 13종이며 전체 불포화 지방산은 서서히 감소하는 경향이었다.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.597-604
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• 2013

본 연구는 청소년의 마음상처 치유를 위한 스마트폰 어플리케이션을 설계하고 구현한 것이다. 청소년의 마음의 상처는 성장기 과정에서 본인의 의지와 상관없이 생길 수 있다. 그들의 상처 난 마음은 성인이 되어서도 쉽게 치유되지 않을 뿐만 아니라, 삶의 방향을 결정짓는 중요한 요소가 되기도 한다. 청소년의 상처 난 마음을 치유할 수 있는 방법으로 그들에게 익숙한 스마트기기에 색체를 접목시켰으며, 이를 바탕으로 스마트폰 기반 색채마음치유 어플리케이션을 설계하고 개발하였다. 이 어플리케이션을 학교 현장에 있는 교사 15명에게 사용하게 한 결과 만족한 것으로 나타났다.