• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.167-181
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• 1999

Rhizoma Arisaematis, Lignum Akebiae, Rhizoma Zedoariae, Cortex Eucommiae, Folium Perillae, Radix Sophorae Subprostratae, Radixi, Radix Ledeboutriellae, Rhizoma Atractylodis, Herba Ephedrae, Radix Puerariae and Radi Aconitx Bupleuri have been used in Korea for many centuries as a treatment for various disease. The purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of several herbs on norepinephrine(NE) induced blood vessel contraction in rabbits and pigs. Rabbit(2 kg, male) were killed by $CO_2$ exposure and a segment (8-10mm) of each rabbit was cut into equal segments and mounted in a tissue bath. Contractile force was measured with force displacement transducers under 2-3 g loading tension. The dose of norepinephrine(NE) which evoked 50% of maximal response $(ED_{50})$ was obtained from cumulative dose response curves for NE $(10^{-6}{\sim}10^{-3}M)$. Contractions evoked by NE $(ED_{50})$ were inhibited significantly by Rhizoma Arisaematis, Lignum Akebiae, Rhizoma Zedoariae, Cortex Eucommiae, Folium Perillae, Radix Sophorae Subprostratae and Herba Ephedrae in abdominal aorta. Contractions evoked by NE $(ED_{50})$ were inhibited significantly be Lignum Akebiae, Rhizoma Zedoariae, Cortex Eucommiae, Herba Ephedrae, Radix Puerariae and Radix Bupleuri in femoral artery. Contractions evoked by NE $(ED_{50})$ were inhibited significantly by Radix Sophorae Subprostratae, Radix Aconiti and Herba Ephedrae in renal artery. These results indicate that each herb can relax NE induced contraction of rabbit and pig blood vessel selectively, and that this relaxation relates to Gui-Gyung(歸經).

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.23-29
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare the cumulative survival rates (CSRs) and the incidence of postloading complications (PLCs) between a bone-level internal connection system (ICS-BL) and an external connection system (ECS). Methods: The medical records of patients treated with either a ICS-BL or ECS between 2007 and 2010 at Asan Medical Center were reviewed. PLCs were divided into two categories: biological and technical. Biological complications included >4 mm of probing pocket depth, thread exposure in radiographs, and soft tissue complications, whereas technical complications included chipping of the veneering material, fracture of the implant, fracture of the crown, loosening or fracture of the abutment or screw, loss of retention, and loss of access hole filling material. CSRs were determined by a life-table analysis and compared using the log-rank chi-square test. The incidence of PLC was compared with the Pearson chi-squared test. Results: A total of 2,651 implants in 1,074 patients (1,167 ICS-BLs in 551 patients and 1,484 ECSs in 523 patients) were analyzed. The average observation periods were 3.4 years for the ICS-BLs and 3.1 years for the ECSs. The six-year CSR of all implants was 96.1% (94.9% for the ICS-BLs and 97.1% for the ECSs, P=0.619). Soft tissue complications were more frequent with the ECSs (P=0.005) and loosening or fracture of the abutment or screw occurred more frequently with the ICS-BLs (P<0.001). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the ICS-BL was more prone to technical complications while the ECS was more vulnerable to biological complications.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.53.2-53.2
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• 2016

We present surface photometry results of the dwarf galaxies in the nearby NGC 2784 galaxy group. We newly detected about 30 dwarf galaxy candidates at about 30 square degree area around the nearby NGC 2784 galaxy (D~10 Mpc and MV=-20.5) applying a visual inspection technique on the wide-field optical images taken by the KMTNet Supernova Program (KSP). Surface brightnesses of the objects estimated from the stacked-images with total exposure time of about 6 hours reach approximately ${\mu}V$ ~28.5 mag/arcsec2 around $3{\sigma}$ above sky background. The central surface brightness and the total absolute magnitude for the faintest candidate dwarf galaxy among about 40 galaxies including the previously known ones is ${\mu}0$, V~26.1 mag/arcsec2 and MV~-9.5 mag, respectively. The effective radii of the candidates are larger than ~200 pc. The radial number density of the dwarf galaxy candidates from the center of NGC 2784 is decreasing. The mean color (<(B-V)0>~0.7) and $S{\acute{e}}rsic$ structure parameters of the dwarfs, assuming them to be located in the NGC 2784 group, are well consistent with those of the dwarf galaxies in other groups (e.g. M83 group and the Local Group (LG)). The faint-end slope of the cumulative luminosity function (CLF) of the galaxies in NGC 2784 group is about ${\alpha}=-1.2$, which is steeper than that of the LG galaxies, but is much flatter than that of the CLF expected by a ${\Lambda}CDM$ model.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2000

The purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of Radix Stemonae on histamine induced tracheal smooth muscle contraction in guinea pigs. Guinea pig(500g, male) were killed by $CO_2$ exposure and a segment (8-10mm) of the thoracic trachea from guinea pig was cut into equal segments and mounted 'in pairs' in a tissue bath. Contractile force was measured with force displacement transducers under 0.5g loading tension. The dose of histamine (His) which evoked 50% of maximal response ($ED_{50}$) was obtained from cumulative dose response curves for histamine ($10^{-7}∼10^{-4}M$). Contractions evoked by His ($ED_{50}$) were inhibited significantly by Radix Stemonae. In guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle, the mean percent inhibition of histamine induced contraction was 87.4% (p<0.01) after $100{\mu}l/ml$ Radix Stemonae. Following treatment with propranolol, the mean percent inhibition caused by $100{\mu}l/ml$ Radix Stemonae fell to 16.2% in guinea pig induced by histamine contraction. Indomethacin and methylene blue($10^{-7}M$) did not significantly alter the inhibitory effect of Radix Stemonae. These results indicate that Radix Stemonae can relax histamine induced contraction of guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle, and that this inhibition involves sympathetic effects.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.267-276
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• 2020

Manufacturing workers are easily exposed to the risk of musculoskeletal disorders caused by repetitive tasks in their working environment. This is due to problems with occupational characteristics that repeatedly use the body. However, the current lack of monitoring systems for monitoring and prevention has led to an increase in workers' exposure to risks each year. This paper presents how to solve these problems in real working environment by producing wearable devices using IMU sensors. After wearing a wearable type device, the user's movement is judged through data analysis by receiving the rotation value according to musculoskeletal movement. At this time, the risk is determined by measuring the number of rotations of the user by eliminating bias and eliminating cumulative error, acquiring sophisticated data, and analyzing it in the form of dynamic threshold values. Using the wearable device proposed in this paper, the effect of this method could be checked through a web page measuring the number of rotations for elbow musculoskeletal disorders.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.83-93
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• 1997

Rhizoma Coptidis, a traditional herb medicine, has been used in Korea and China for many centuries as a treatment for many disease. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of Rhizoma Coptidis on histamine-induced tracheal smooth muscle contraction in guinea pigs and rats. Guinea pigs(500g, male) and rats(250g, male) were killed by $CO_2$ exposure and a segment (8-10mm) of the thoracic trachea from each guinea pig was cut into equal segments and mounted 'in pairs' in a tissue bath. Contractile force was measured with force displacement transducers under 0.5g loading tension. The dose of histamine which evoked 50% of maximal response ($ED_{50}$) was obtained from cumulative dose response curves for histamine ($10^{-7}-10^{-3}M$). Contractions evoked by histamine($ED_{50}$) were inhibited significantly by Rhizoma Coptidis. The mean percent inhibition was 33.2% after 1.5mg/ml Rhizoma Coptidis, and 69.5% after 5.0mg/ml Rhizoma Coptidis in guinea pigs, and the mean percent inhibition was 25.3% after 1.5mg/ml Rhizoma Coptidis, and 65.8% after 5.0mg/ml Rhizoma Coptidis in rats. Indomethacin ($10^{-7}M$) slightly but significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of Rhizoma Coptidis. But propranolol and methylene blue ($10^{-7}M$) did not significantly alter the inhibitory effect of Rhizoma Coptidis. These results indicate that Rhizoma Coptidis can relax histamine-induced contraction of guinea pig and rat tracheal smooth muscle, and that this inhibition involves, in part, cyclooxygenese inhibitor.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.114-119
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• 1994

[$^3$H]Ouabain binding parameters ( $K_{D}$ and $B_{max}$) to control rat ventricular strips and Langendorff preparations which were not previously exposed to ouabain were compared with those to both preparations that had been first exposed to a complete ouabain dose range of dose-response curve (10$^{-8}$ to 10$^{4}$M). In rat ventricular strips and Langendorff perfused heart preparations, cumulative dose-response curves of ouabain revealed biphasic positive inotropic effects, a "low-dose" effect and a "high-dose" effect with E $d_{50}$ values of 0.5 $\mu$M and 35 $\mu$M ouabain, respectively. The "low-dose" effect in ventricular strip disappeared or was diminished significantly when the ouabain dose-response curve was repeated after the washout of the effects of the first dose-response curve, whereas there were no significant differences in the maximal "high-dose"effect in both exposures to oubain. However, both of the control and ouabain-preexposed Langendorff perfused hearts revealed the same low-dose effects. The $K_{D}$ value for [$^3$H] ouabain binding and the ouabain binding site concentration ( $B_{max}$) estimated by [$^3$H]ouabain displacement assay in control preparations were 230 nM and 2 pmol/mg protein, respectively. [$^3$H]Ouabain binding parameters were not changed by repeated exposure to high concentrations of ouabain. These results suggest that digitalis receptor desensitization in the rat ventricular strip may due to the change of post-receptor events induced by ouabain binding to a high affinity site ($\alpha$$_2$isoform).).).).).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.82-87
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• 1980

The red color bleaching phenomena of red pepper powder by the exposure to sun light were studied on the various factors such as drying methods of pepper and the storage conditions of pepper powder, relative humidities, particle sizes, and the amounts and qualities of light. The surface color of red pepper was rapidly bleached by the successive daily exposures until the color retention value (capsanthin remained/original capsanthin content) reached to 0.5, while that of dark storge showed a negligible change. The color changes were related with the cumulative solar energy at various water activities $(a_w)$. As decreasing $a_w$ below 0.5, the bleaching reaction was highly accelerated, and thereafter was slowly progressed. Sun lights transmitted by red-, yellow- and blue-gelatin filters, respectivly, bleached in different degrees and at the shorter wavelength light, the more color bleaching occurred. From this fact a red colored package film could be effectivly used for the color preservation purpose in the red pepper storage.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.127-132
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• 2019

Influenza is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus with symptoms of high fever and headache. Since influenza especially mutates into multiple subtypes in the carrier's body, it is a serious threat for mankind such as Spanish influenza. The treatment of influenza infection mandates the use of antiviral drugs through rapid diagnostic test. Generally, immunochromatography-based rapid influenza diagnostic tests are used for rapid diagnosis in an emergency. In this paper, we propose an influenza analysis algorithm based on image processing to examine a large number of patients suspected of being infected with influenza. Also, we propose a robust influenza analysis algorithm based on the joint cumulative mass function under varying radiometric conditions such as illuminant and exposure differences. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm significantly reduces the error of influenza diagnosis under different radiometric conditions.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.86-96
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• 2022

Background: To explore the association between low back pain (LBP) and pelvic pain (PP) and rectus abdominis diastasis (RAD) in postpartum women and identify the characteristics and risk factors. Methods: Women diagnosed with RAD and a history of labor and delivery, between 2009 and 2018, were identified from six hospitals within the Partners Healthcare System. Univariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were used to identify the risk factors associated with pain. Results: Age at onset of RAD in the non-cesarean delivery group was earlier than those in cesarean delivery (CD) group (P = 0.017). Women who underwent CD demonstrated 4.5 times greater risk of RAD than those who had no CD exposure. The cumulative composition ratio of LBP at every age stage of the period from 8 years pre-first delivery to 8 years post-first delivery was significantly higher than the other five conditions (RAD, umbilical hernia, PP, depressive disorder [DD], and strain of muscle, fascia, and tendon [SMFT]) (P for trend < 0.001). Women with DD, SMFT, and PP were more likely to have LBP (odds ratio [OR] = 1.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06 to 3.47, P = 0.032; OR = 4.50, 95% CI 1.64 to 12.36, P = 0.003; OR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.17 to 3.89, P = 0.013; respectively). Conclusions: In postpartum women with RAD, DD, SMFT, and PP were found to be risk factors contributing to the development of LBP. Race and LBP also played roles in the development of PP.