• 제목/요약/키워드: cumulative dose

검색결과 235건 처리시간 0.026초

A proposal on multi-agent static path planning strategy for minimizing radiation dose

  • Minjae Lee;SeungSoo Jang;Woosung Cho;Janghee Lee;CheolWoo Lee;Song Hyun Kim
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • 제56권1호
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    • pp.92-99
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    • 2024
  • To minimize the cumulative radiation dose, various path-finding approaches for single agent have been proposed. However, for emergence situations such as nuclear power plant accident, these methods cannot be effectively utilized for evacuating a large number of workers because no multi-agent method is valid to conduct the mission. In this study, a novel algorithm for solving the multi-agent path-finding problem is proposed using the conflict-based search approach and the objective function redefined in terms of the cumulative radiation dose. The proposed method can find multi paths that all agents arrive at the destinations with reducing the overall radiation dose. To verify the proposed method, three problems were defined. In the single-agent problem, the objective function proposed in this study reduces the cumulative dose by 82% compared with that of the shortest distance algorithm in experiment environment of this study. It was also verified in the two multi-agent problems that multi paths with minimized the overall radiation dose, in which all agents can reach the destination without collision, can be found. The method proposed in this study will contribute to establishing evacuation plans for improving the safety of workers in radiation-related facilities.

The association of rectal equivalent dose in 2 Gy fractions (EQD2) to late rectal toxicity in locally advanced cervical cancer patients who were evaluated by rectosigmoidoscopy in Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University

  • Tharavichtikul, Ekkasit;Meungwong, Pooriwat;Chitapanarux, Taned;Chakrabandhu, Somvilai;Klunklin, Pitchayaponne;Onchan, Wimrak;Wanwilairat, Somsak;Traisathit, Patrinee;Galalae, Razvan;Chitapanarux, Imjai
    • Radiation Oncology Journal
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    • 제32권2호
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    • pp.57-62
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: To evaluate association between equivalent dose in 2 Gy (EQD2) to rectal point dose and gastrointestinal toxicity from whole pelvic radiotherapy (WPRT) and intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) in cervical cancer patients who were evaluated by rectosigmoidoscopy in Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study was designed for the patients with locally advanced cervical cancer, treated by radical radiotherapy from 2004 to 2009 and were evaluated by rectosigmoidoscopy. The cumulative doses of WPRT and ICBT to the maximally rectal point were calculated to the EQD2 and evaluated the association of toxicities. Results: Thirty-nine patients were evaluated for late rectal toxicity. The mean cumulative dose in term of EQD2 to rectum was 64.2 Gy. Grade 1 toxicities were the most common findings. According to endoscopic exam, the most common toxicities were congested mucosa (36 patients) and telangiectasia (32 patients). In evaluation between rectal dose in EQD2 and toxicities, no association of cumulative rectal dose to rectal toxicity, except the association of cumulative rectal dose in EQD2 >65 Gy to late effects of normal tissue (LENT-SOMA) scale ${\geq}$ grade 2 (p = 0.022; odds ratio, 5.312; 95% confidence interval, 1.269-22.244). Conclusion: The cumulative rectal dose in EQD2 >65 Gy have association with ${\geq}$ grade 2 LENT-SOMA scale.

X-선 단순 Series 촬영 시 피폭 선량 평가 (Assessment of Radiation Dose Due to X-Ray Simple Series Examinations)

  • 강은보;황인철;신운재
    • 한국방사선학회논문지
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.81-88
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    • 2014
  • 진단영상의학에서 일반영상촬영의 경우 각각의 부위를 연속(series)촬영으로 검사하는 경우가 대부분이다. 그러나 환자선량권고량(DRL)의 경우 각 부위의 전후(AP)방향과 측면(lateral)자세의 촬영 측정값만이 설정되어있는 것이 현실이다. 병원에서는 환자의 연속 촬영에 의해 누적 선량이 발생되며, 이는 환자선량권고량(DRL)과 누적된 피폭선량을 비교할 수 없거나, 과소평가할 수 있다. 본 연구에서 각 부위별 연속촬영의 누적선량을 측정한 결과, 조사야에 포함된 경우 입사표면선량(ESD)을 유효선량으로 변환하면 공중의 선량한도(Individual dose)의 최대 38.06%에서 최소 0.23%까지 측정되었다. 그리고 조사야에 포함되지 않은 각 부위의 입사표면선량(ESD)을 유효선량(Effective dose)으로 변환한 경우 공중의 선량한도(Individual dose)의 최대 5%에서 최소 0.04%까지 측정되었다. 연구결과 각 부위별 연속촬영에서 입사표면선량(ESD)이 많이 증가하는 것을 알 수 있다. 따라서 병원에서는 환자선량권고량(DRL)을 구체적으로 설정할 필요가 있으며, 불필요한 검사를 줄이기 위해 환자 촬영 order의 세분화가 필요하다고 판단된다. 또한, 여러 부위의 검사에서는 정확한 조사야의 필요성이 강조된다.

심장내과의 중재적 시술시 시술조건에 따른 방사선사의 방사선 노출 특성 (The Characteristic of Radiation Exposure for Radiologist with Applying Condition in Interventional Radiology in Cardiology)

  • 박정규;조의현
    • 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.421-429
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    • 2012
  • 최근 방사선 의료에서 중재적 시술의 확대로 인하여 시술 건수가 증가하고 있으며, 시술자에 따라 방사선 노출이 다르게 나타 날 수 있으며 시술자와 환자가 받는 방사선 피폭의 증가를 가져온다. 본 연구는 2011년 11월 01일부터 2012년 01월 31일 까지 경북지역 S대학 병원에 내원한 303명의 심장내과 환자를 대상으로 중재적 방사선시술을 시행한 시술자 5명에 따른 방사선 노출특성을 비교분석하였다. 투시시간의 경우 5명의 시술의의 평균 투시시간은 697.95초, cumulative DAP(exp)의 경우 평균 환자 면적선량은 $52,730mGycm^2$, total DAP의 경우 평균 환자면적선량은 $104,875.14mGycm^2$, acquired image의 경우 평균 영상은 855.52frame, exposure image의 평균 영상은 802.2frame로 나타나 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 장비의 X선 노출 특성 즉, 투시시간, cumulative DAP(fluro), cumulative DAP(exp), total DAP, acquired image, exposure image는 서로 높은 상관관계를 보이나 cumulative DAP(exp)와 acquired runs는 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 시술자와 가장 큰 비중을 차지하는 것은 투시시간으로 나타나 투시시간이 길어질수록 방사선 피폭이 증가함을 의미한다. 시술시 피폭선량은 시술자에 따라 시술능력과 경험, 시술의 난이도 및 정밀 시술여부와 관련 있으며, 혈관 조영의 횟수와 투시시간이 정해진 것이 아니어서 인위적인 조절이 어려운 부분이라 할 수 있다. 따라서, 중재방사선 절차를 수행하는 의료진의 실질 피폭을 합리적으로 평가하는 시스템이 필요하며, 불필요한 피폭을 줄이기 위해 시술자를 비롯한 방사선 작업종사자에 대한 자체교육과 훈련이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

Occupational Exposure to Knee Loading and the Risk of Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Systematic Review and a Dose-Response Meta-Analysis

  • Verbeek, Jos;Mischke, Christina;Robinson, Rachel;Ijaz, Sharea;Kuijer, Paul;Kievit, Arthur;Ojajarvi, Anneli;Neuvonen, Kaisa
    • Safety and Health at Work
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.130-142
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    • 2017
  • Background: Osteoarthritis of the knee is considered to be related to knee straining activities at work. The objective of this review is to assess the exposure dose-response relation between kneeling or squatting, lifting, and climbing stairs at work, and knee osteoarthritis. Methods: We included cohort and case-control studies. For each study that reported enough data, we calculated the odds ratio (OR) per 5,000 hours of cumulative kneeling and per 100,000 kg of cumulative lifting. We pooled these incremental ORs in a random effects meta-analysis. Results: We included 15 studies (2 cohort and 13 case-control studies) of which nine assessed risks in more than two exposure categories. We considered all but one study at high risk of bias. The incremental OR per 5,000 hours of kneeling was 1.26 (95% confidence interval 1.17-1.35, 5 studies, moderate quality evidence) for a log-linear exposure dose-response model. For lifting, there was no exposure dose-response per 100,000 kg of lifetime lifting (OR 1.00, 95% confidence interval 1.00-1.01). For climbing, an exposure dose-response could not be calculated. Conclusion: There is moderate quality evidence that longer cumulative exposure to kneeling or squatting at work leads to a higher risk of osteoarthritis of the knee. For other exposure, there was no exposure dose-response or there were insufficient data to establish this. More reliable exposure measurements would increase the quality of the evidence.

형광유리 선량계와 광자극 발광선량계를 이용한 핵의학과 선량 측정비교 (Comparison on the Dosimetry of OSLD and PLD Used in Nuclear Medicine)

  • 박정규;손상준;박명환
    • 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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    • 제42권1호
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    • pp.47-51
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    • 2019
  • This study was conducted from July 1 to September 30, 2018 using Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimeter(OSLD) and photoluminescent glass dosimeter(PLD) to measure the 3-month exposure dose and the cumulative dose in the active working area of the nuclear medicine worker Respectively. As a result, the cumulative dose for three months in the worker and work area was measured as 1.97 mSv and 2.02 mSv in the PLD. The mean surface dose and the mean depth dose of the OSLD were measured to be 2.04 mSv. The difference in the total surface dose measured by the PLD and the OSLD was 0.66mSv and the total mean surface dose was 0.07mSv. The difference between the total depth dose and the total depth dose was 0.1mSv and 0.02mSv, respectively. It was found that the dose value of the OSLD was higher than that of the PLD. In addition, it was found that the maximum difference of 0.01mSv was observed between the PLD and the OSLD of the worker. For the dose measurement of the two dosimetry systems, there was no significant difference between the PLD and the OSLD in the surface dose of 0.239 (p>0.05). Also, the significance of PLD and OSLD in the deep dose was 0.109, which was not statistically significant (p>0.05).

환자 이송원의 피폭선량 측정 (A Measurement of Exposure Dose for Patient Transporter)

  • 송채림;이왕희;안성민
    • 한국방사선학회논문지
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.433-438
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    • 2019
  • 의료기관에서는 환자의 진단 및 치료를 위해 방사선발생장치 및 방사성동위원소를 사용하고 있다. 환자이송원은 환자이송을 위해 불가피하게 방사선 관리구역에 출입하거나, 동위원소가 투여된 환자를 근거리에서 이송하는 등 일반인과 비교했을 때, 방사선에 노출될 확률이 높은 환경에서 업무를 수행한다. 따라서 환자이송원의 피폭 정도를 알아보고자 연구를 진행했다. 인천 A 종합병원에서 근무하고 있는 12명의 환자이송원을 대상으로 2019년 4월 1일부터 4월 30일까지 한 달 동안 선량계를 가슴에 패용하고, 누적된 선량을 측정했다. 사용된 선량계는 광자극발광선량계(OSLD), 선량판독은 OSLD Microstar Reading System을 사용했다. 한 달 동안 누적선량 측정 결과 심부선량은 평균 0.13 mSv, 표층선량은 평균 0.13 mSv로 측정되었고, 한 달 동안 누적된 선량에 12를 곱해 일 년 동안 업무를 수행할 시 받게 될 누적선량 예상치를 추정한 결과 심부선량은 평균 1.52 mSv, 표층선량은 평균 1.51 mSv로 나타났다. 환자이송원의 수시출입자 분류를 통해 피폭선량을 측정, 관리 하고, 교육훈련을 통해 방사선에 대한 방호지식을 높이며 건강진단을 통해 방사선장해 발생을 방지하기 위한 노력이 필요하다.

Mobi-Kids Study: 휴대전화의 전자파 노출량 평가 -II. 머리 SAR 및 누적노출 평가 방법 (Mobi-Kids Study: Exposure Assessment of Electromagnetic Radiation from Mobile Phones -II. Evaluation Method of Head SAR and Cumulative Dose)

  • 이애경;홍선의;최경화;하미나;최형도
    • 한국전자파학회논문지
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    • 제24권12호
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    • pp.1158-1166
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    • 2013
  • 본 논문은 Mobi-Kids 연구의 노출량 평가를 위해 휴대전화 대표 모델에 대해 연구 프로토콜에 따른 SAR 계산방법을 분석하고, 역학조사 대상자가 사용한 휴대전화의 무선주파수 누적 노출량을 평가하는 방법을 제안한다. 휴대전화 대표 모델의 출력을 동일하게 가정하고, 서로 다른 연령의 4개 머리 모델에서의 SAR 분포를 계산하여 데이터베이스를 구축한다. 역학조사 대상자가 사용한 특정 휴대전화 모델의 머리 SAR은 SAR 적합성 시험결과를 활용하여 보정 인자를 적용함으로써 구한다. 그리고 휴대전화 특성과 함께 사용 시간, 좌 우측 비율 같은 대상자의 휴대전화 사용 패턴에 대한 인자를 고려하여 누적 에너지를 산출하게 된다.

Assessment of radiation exposure from cesium-137 contaminated roads for epidemiological studies in Seoul, Korea

  • Lee, Yun-Keun;Ju, Young-Su;Lee, Won Jin;Hwang, Seung Sik;Yim, Sang-Hyuk;Yoo, Sang-Chul;Lee, Jieon;Choi, Kyung-Hwa;Burm, Eunae;Ha, Mina
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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    • 제30권
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    • pp.5.1-5.8
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    • 2015
  • Objectives We aimed to assess the radiation exposure for epidemiologic investigation in residents exposed to radiation from roads that were accidentally found to be contaminated with radioactive cesium-137 ($^{137}Cs$) in Seoul. Methods Using information regarding the frequency and duration of passing via the $^{137}Cs$ contaminated roads or residing/working near the roads from the questionnaires that were obtained from 8875 residents and the measured radiation doses reported by the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission, we calculated the total cumulative dose of radiation exposure for each person. Results Sixty-three percent of the residents who responded to the questionnaire were considered as ever-exposed and 1% of them had a total cumulative dose of more than 10 mSv. The mean (minimum, maximum) duration of radiation exposure was 4.75 years (0.08, 11.98) and the geometric mean (minimum, maximum) of the total cumulative dose was 0.049 mSv (<0.001, 35.35) in the exposed. Conclusions An individual exposure assessment was performed for an epidemiological study to estimate the health risk among residents living in the vicinity of $^{137}Cs$ contaminated roads. The average exposure dose in the exposed people was less than 5% of the current guideline.