• 유통과학연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.121-142
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• 2005

We're living in a world of one global village. The globalization of business is acceleration as more companies cross national borders to find customers, materials and money. Many foreign companies and organizations are doing their business aggressively in Korea and many Korean companies and rushing into foreign market. When people communicate for business with someone from another culture, there could be difficult communication barriers to overcome resulting from differences in their values, beliefs, norms for behavior, expectations, attitudes and so on. To do successfully business, we need to understand culture background and communication style that is different from nation, race, language. Communication barriers stemming from cultural differences may vary. Largely, they can be divided into value system, non-verbal communication, and perception process. Value system can be divided into individualism versus group orientation, avoidance of uncertainty degree, power distance, and high- context culture versus low-context culture. Also non-verbal communication method and perception process may play decisive roles in communication effectiveness. Especially nonverbal communication barriers which sometimes play more important roles than the verbal parts are composed of eye contact, gesture, kinesics, proxemics, chronemics, paralanguage and language of color Cross-cultural communication affect business situation. I expect that if we understand cultural background, and then we overcome cross-cultural communication barriers. To overcome and to adapt inter-cultural business, we need to develope curriculum on the cross-cultural education which I will study in the next paper.

• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국주거학회 2008년 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.203-208
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to propose the design concept for the brand identity communication of the housing cultural center. The case studies, case of two flagship stores and two housing cultural centers, were used in this study for analyzing each case‘s characteristics, brand identity components and design components. As the result of this study, there are differences between the flagship stores and housing cultural centers. The major differences are as follows. First, the flagship stores offer variety of experiences in the store so people can enjoy a lot of unexpected programs whereas the housing cultural centers do not have ones. Second, the flagship stores have dramatic facades so that people want to enter the space even though they do not need to buy anything. However, the housing cultural centers do not have any exciting elements in the facade even most of them are located in the downtown. Moreover, people can have a lot of visual and emotional experiences in the flagship stores from unique merchandising display, changeable wallpapers, movable walls, etc. In other words, designers who are in charge of housing cultural centers should consider carefully to design both interior and facade. Also, company should invest their efforts to make better housing cultural centers because they are the best way to express their own brand identity.

• 의료커뮤니케이션
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.103-108
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• 2018

Background: This study was to analyze gender differences in health status, health behaviors and disease prevalence of multi-cultural family in order to contribute to health promotion of them. Methods: This study used raw data from the Korea Community Health Survey(KCHS) which was performed in 2015. Among them, 3,045 multi-cultural family members were included in this study. Data was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 for descriptive statistics, t test, Chi-square test, and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results: According to gender, depression and subjective health were different in health status. High risk drinking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, arthritis, and obesity prevalence rate were higher in males than females significantly(p<.001). Conclusion: Based on the study results, it is necessary to establish a public health care program to improve health and welfare of multi-cultural families.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

본 연구는 청소년건강행태온라인조사 제 7차 데이터를 이용하여 다문화 가정 청소년과 일반 가정 청소년들 간의 성 관련 경험 차이를 분석하였으며 이러한 차이에 아버지의 학력과 성교육의 영향력을 살펴보았다. 구체적으로 성 관련 경험을 종속변수로, 다문화 여부를 독립변수로, 아버지의 학력과 성교육을 조절변수로 선정하였으며 독립변수와 조절변수들의 영향력을 살펴보기 위하여 SPSS 20.0을 이용하여 GLM(General Linear Model)을 실시하였다. 분석결과 다문화여부의 주효과가 검증되었으며 아버지의 학력과 성교육 조절효과 또한 검증되었다. 구체적으로 일반 가정 청소년들 보다 다문화 가정 청소년의 성 관련 경험이 더 많은 것으로 나타났으며 일반가정 청소년들 보다 다문화 가정 청소년들의 성 관련 경험에 대해 아버지의 학력과 성교육의 영향력이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 일반가정 청소년들은 아버지의 학력과 성교육에 따라 성 관련 경험의 차이가 크지 않지만 다문화 가정 청소년들의 경우 아버지의 학력이 낮은 집단과 성교육을 받지 않는 집단이 그렇지 않은 집단과 비교해 성 관련 경험이 더 많은 것으로 나타났다.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.29-51
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 상표에 대한 문화적 측면의 포지셔닝전략을 세계문화적 포지셔닝전략, 특정 외국문화적 포지셔닝전략, 현지문화적 포지셔닝전략으로 구분한 Alden 등 (1999)의 연구에 바탕을 두고, 한국 상표에 대한 중국 광고를 대상으로 삼아 연구를 수행했다. 본 연구에서는 세계문화적 포지셔닝전략과 중국 현지문화적 포지셔닝 전략 간 광고에서 연상되는 상표개성의 차이를 알아보았으며, 세계문화적 포지셔닝전략, 중국 현지문화적 포지셔닝 전략, 그리고 한국 문화적 포지셔닝 전략이 상표태도 형성에 미치는 효과를 비교해보았다. 첫째, 중국 잡지에 실린 우리나라 상표의 광고를 대상으로 내용분석을 실시한 결과, 문화적 포지셔닝전략별로 상표개성은 크게 다르지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 문화적 상표포지셔닝전략별 광고효과를 알아보기 위해 중국 소비자를 대상으로 실험을 수행한 결과, 세계문화적 포지셔닝전략은 중국 현지문화적 포지셔닝전략보다 소비자의 긍정적 상표태도 형성에 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 한국문화적 포지셔닝전략은 상대적으로 연령이 낮은 소비자에게서 중국 현지문화적 포지셔닝전략보다 더 긍정적 상표태도를 형성할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국과학예술포럼
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.205-217
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• 2019

본 연구는 산업생산의 시대가 가고, 문화생산 시대가 도래하며 융복합시대로 접어들고 있는 시점에서 점차 문화마케팅의 중요성이 늘어나며, 이를 브랜딩에 적용해 성과를 올리고 있다는 점에서부터 시작되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 관광분야에서 융복합적 성격의 마케팅 전략으로 활용되는 문화마케팅요인이 브랜드 태도 및 인식에 미치는 영향에 대해 밝히는 것이다. 따라서 본 논문은 방한 중국관광객을 대상으로 하여 문화마케팅요인에 따른 세분집단별 관광지 브랜드 자산 및 태도 연구를 시도하였다. 연구결과 및 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 선행연구를 통해 연구의 기반을 마련하고, 문화마케팅 요인을 확인할 설문지 작성 및 배포와 분석을 통해 해당 집단을 저관여인식집단, 고관여인식집단, 중관여인식집단 총 3개로 군집화하였다. 둘째, 세분시장별 브랜드 태도를 확인한 결과 관광지 브랜드 태도는 유의한 차이를 보이며, 특히 군집 2가 높은 값을 보이고, 군집 3은 보통으로 나타났다. 셋째, 각 세분시장별 브랜드 자산인식의 차이에서는 관광지 지각된 품질, 브랜드 인지도, 브랜드 이미지 모두 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이며 기존 선행연구를 지지하며 본 연구의 가설로 채택되었다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 본 논문은 문화마케팅의 관광 분야 적용이 적고, 관광지 대상으로 확대가 필요한 시점에서, 요인에 따라 시장을 세분화했다는 특징을 가지며, 각 세분 시장별 브랜드 태도와 자산에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 이론 및 실무적 시사점 측면에서 의미를 제시할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.153-163
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• 2007

Utilizing the quantitative analysis methodology of questionnaire, the study explores the differences in the factors of achievement motivation, learning mathematics attitude and learning mathematics self-confidence and also the relationship between mathematics academic achievement and these factors in three areas in China. The following conclusions are drawn: 1. The subjects from different development level areas have significant differences in motivation, attitude and self-confidence in mathematics; 2. The subjects from different areas who possess the same ethnic group have significant differences. But the subjects from same area who possess different nationalities have little difference. It can be concluded that that the differences in these factors can be contributed to regional differences, rather than to ethnic differences; 3. The subjects from undeveloped areas have significant gender differences, and the levels of males are higher than those of female.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.79-92
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• 2015

Purpose - The aim of this study is to develop an empirical model of the effects of traditional market service quality factors on customer value, relationship quality, and behavior. The specific objectives of the study are as follows: 1) to classify study objects into cultural tourism markets and non-cultural tourism markets as well as to verify the differences in service quality among the two markets and, 2) to present practical service marketing methods that fit with the characteristics of the traditional markets by amending the five quality evaluation items of SERVQUAL (a multiple-item scale for measuring service quality)to suit the characteristics of the traditional markets and establish the relationship among customer value, relationship quality, and behavior intention. Research design, data, and methodology - The study methods of empirical investigation are as follows. First, this study selected for a study object the Suwon Paldalmun Gate Market to represent the cultural tourism market, and general traditional markets to represent the non-cultural tourism market. This study also conducted personal interviews in order to increase the response rate and collected a total of 418 responses between March 18, 2014 and April 05, 2014. The total of 418 responses used for this study excluded 14 responses that had either misleading information or missing values. Results - This study verified the perceived differences of service quality based on traditional market specialization through an independent sample t-test. It appeared that the perceived service quality of the cultural tourism market was generally higher than that of the non-cultural tourism market. This study executed a path analysis in order to examine the effects of service quality factors on customer value, relationship quality, and behavior intention. This study also comprehensively analyzed the specialized market and non-specialized market separately. Although there were some differences among the results, the overall results were uniform. It appeared that convenience, reliability, and empathy, among the service quality factors, exerted meaningful effects on customer value. On the other hand, convenience, reliability, responsiveness, and empathy, excluding the tangibles, exerted meaningful effects on the relationship quality. In addition, it appeared that all service quality factors exerted meaningful effects on the customer value, relationship quality, and behavior intention. Therefore, the study verified that all of the hypotheses formulated in the study were generally adopted. Conclusions - The implication of this study may be classified into academic and practical implication as follows. With respect to the academic implication, it seems that this study is among the early studies to verify the differences between the cultural tourism market and the non-cultural tourism market. The practical implication of this study is that the perceived service quality, such as convenience, reliability, responsiveness, and tangibles, excluding empathy, was higher in the cultural tourism market than in the non-cultural tourism market. This means that customer satisfaction is enhanced by governmental aid such as hardware, software, and information and communications technology.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.369-387
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• 2006

The study mainly aims to explore and compare the cultural value orientations of Southeast Asian countries with concrete index of variable factors, and ultimately seeks for directions for Korea better role as a leading country in Southeast Asian economic region. The research limits the scope of the study only to three countries of the Philippines, Indonesia and Thailand. It is due to the significant differences of geography, language, and above all unique religion in Southeast Asia region, The Philippines, Indonesia and Thailand are very much similar in many aspects of diverse ethnicity, diverse religion, especially in the aspect of culture. However, it is no doubt, among countries surveyed, that the research show the differences in continuum level in terms of value orientations. Generally it might be due to the history, religion and language differences.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.131-148
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• 2011

Our work empirically investigates the cultural differences of Social Networking Service (SNS) users in China, Korea and U.S. We construct a survey questionnaire from existing literature and test it for reliability, validity, and model fit. Then we collect data and validate the cultural differences of SNS users in three nations. Our results show different rankings from existing literature in cultural dimensions about three nations. In terms of masculinity, we find China > U.S. > Korea, similar to Hofstede. In individualism, we find U.S. > Korea > China, different from Hofstede (U.S. > China > Korea). In power distance, it is shown that Korea > China > U.S., different from Hofstede (China > Korea > U.S.). Uncertainty avoidance is found that U.S. > Korea > China, lowered ranking of Korea from the top among three nations in Hofstede. We find that these outcomes would be useful in updating national culture of the three nations and for future research about cultural impacts on SNS adoption.