• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.651-658
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the comparative growth characteristics and ginenoside contents of wild-simulated ginseng on different years (7 and 13-year-old) by monitoring soil properties of cultivation regions. Plant and soil samples were collected from 6 different cultivation regions. Soil organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN) and cation exchangeable capacity (CEC) were significantly higher in 13-year-old wild-simulated ginseng cultivation regions compared to 7-year-old wild-simulated ginseng cultivation regions. Growth characteristics of wild-simulated ginseng had shown significantly higher in 13-year-old wild-simulated ginseng compared to 7-year-old wild-simulated ginseng. Ginsenoside G-Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, Rf, Rg1 were significantly higher in 13-year-old wild-simulated ginseng than 7-year-old wild-simulated ginseng. According to the results of correlation analysis, soil OM, TN and CEC of the cultivated regions were positively correlated with the growth of wild-simulated ginseng. In addition, the root length of wild-simulated ginseng showed positive correlation with ginsenoside content. Hence, this study was able to investigate the correlation between growth and ginsenoside content of wild-simulated ginseng based on soil characteristics of the cultivation regions.

• 생약학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.33-34
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• 1970

The cultivation of Italian liquorice root was carried out and the three-year-old roots of average wet weight 800g were harvested. In early April the cut root was transplanted and the rate of survival was $50{\sim}60%$. The treatment of it with dilute Atonic solution increased the rate to 96%. The glycyrrhizin content in the root was: five-year-old root 7%, four-year-old 7.5%, three-year-old 6.7%, and two-year-old 4.7%.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.175-180
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• 1995

The disease development of root-rot [pathogen:Cylindrocarpon destruction (Zinssm.) Scholten] occurred in 2-year old ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) was investigated in the continuous (the first cultivation: 1978∼1982, 2nd cultivation: 1990∼1993 and abolished in 1993 due to replanting problem) and replanted cultivation (period of cultivation: 1980∼1984). In the continuous cultivation, incidences of root-rot were 0.7% on May 3, 48.6% on May 24, and 95.8% on June 14, respectively. In the replanted cultivation, no symptom was observed on May 3 and disease incidence was generally lower compared with the continuous cultivation. On the aerial part of the ginseng infected by C. desiccates, the end and/or margin of leaves were changed to dark reddish color that appeared for behind the root-rot symptom. In this field, the longitudinal growth of lateral root was more inhibited than in the case of the replanted cultivation by C. destmctans. The inhibition rate of rootlet growth was 37.3% in the continuous cultivation as compared with that of replanted cultivation at June 14. Though lesions of root-rot were formed all over the roots, 61.2% of the lesions was positioned within 6 cm under the rhizome. Key words Panax ginseng, Cylindrocarpon destmtan, root-rot of ginseng, replanting problem of ginseng.

• Near Infrared Analysis
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.41-44
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• 2000

The objectives of this study are to discriminate the geographical origin and cultivation years of ginseng based on the near-infrared(NIR) reflectance spectroscopic analysis. Korea and China ginseng samples were prepared for discrimination of geographical origin. 4, 5 and 6 years-old ginseng samples from Korea were prepared for discrimination of cultivation years. Used spectrometer were InfraAlyzer 500, InfraAlyzer 400 and Fiber optic. Sample type of ginseng was 3, whole ginseng radix, slide section and powder type. The accuracy was affected by sample types and instruments. The accuracy for discrimination geographical origin was 97% in calibration model using IA 500 and ginseng powder. For discrimination of cultivation years, the model with slide selection using IA500 were relative accurate. The accuracy was 96.7% for 4-year, 91.3% for 5-year and 89.3% for 6-year old ginseng. The study shows that NIR spectroscopic analysis can be used to discriminate the geographical origin and cultivation years of ginseng with acceptable accuracy.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
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• pp.3-6
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• 2005

In this paper, the real scenario of water situation (e.g. water management, water availability and flooding) in an irrigated rice cultivation area in Suphanburi Province, Central-West Thailand is discussed together with the NDVI time series data. The result shown is derived by our classifier named 'Peak Detector Algorithm (PDA)'. The method discriminated 5 classes in terms of irrigation activities and cropping intensities, namely, Non-irrigated, Poorly irrigated - 1 crop/year, Irrigated - 2 crops/year, Irrigated - 3 crops/year and Others (no cultivation happens in a year or other land covers). The overall accuracy of all classified results (1999-2001) is around $77\%$ against independent ground truth data (general activities or function of an area). In the classified results, spatial and temporal inconsistency appeared significantly in the Western and Southern areas of Suphanburi. The inconsistency resulted mainly by anomaly of rainfall pattern in 1999 and their temporal irrigation activity. The algorithm however, was proved that it could detect actual change of irrigation status in a year.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.269-272
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• 2017

잎새버섯 원목재배 연차별 수량특성 조사결과 '잎새1호'의 경우 첫해에 $16.0kg/m^2$, 2년차에 $15.4kg/m^2$, 3년차에 $9.5kg/m^2$, 4년차에 $4.6kg/m^2$, 그리고 5년차에는 $4.6kg/m^2$로 5년간 총 $50.0 kg/m^2$의 수량을 나타냈으며, 3년차 이후 수량이 급격히 줄어드는 경향을 나타냈다. '다박' 품종에서는 첫해에 $12.3kg/m^2$, 2년차에 $11.5kg/m^2$, 3년차에 $12.7kg/m^2$, 4년차에 $6.2kg/m^2$, 그리고 5년차에는 $8.2kg/m^2$로 5년간 총 $50.8kg/m^2$의 수량을 나타냈다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.213-217
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• 2011

Platycodon grandiflorum (Campanulaceae) is listed in Shin-Nong-Bon-Cho-Kyung (神農本草經) as the remedy for ventilation the lung, resolving phlegm, promoting pus discharge and subduing carbuncles. The prescriptions of Gil-Gyung-Tang (桔梗湯) are also recorded in many other Chinese medicinal books. The identification of the cultivation year of P. grandiflorum is very important in commercial market as well as in research field. However, any reports about it have not been clearly established yet. To clarify the criterion, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the roots of P. grandiflorum cultivated in Korea for various years were studied. The characteristics of the cork layer, latex tube, and vessels were shown to be useful keys to confirm the cultivation year of P. grandiflorm. As a result, it was clarified that Kilkyung from Korea was the two years root of Platycodon grandiflorm.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2020

Rice paddy cultivation is one of the major sources in methane (CH₄) emission of which accurate assessment would be a prerequisite for agricultural greenhouse gas management. Biomass treatment in paddy fields is an important factor that affects CH₄ emissions and thus needs to be taken into account. The objectives of this study were to apply drone images to investigate organic matter practices and to incorporate into the estimation of CH₄ emissions from paddy fields. Three study areas were selected by one from each of the three different regions of Yeongnam, Honam and Jungbu, which are the most active region in paddy cultivation. The eBee drone was used to take images of the study sites twice a year; Jul mid-season for identifying rice cultivation area; Jan for investigating rice straw management and winter crop cultivation. Based on biomass management practices, different emissions factors were assigned on an individual paddy field and CH₄ emmisions were estimated by multiplying respective areas. The ratios of rice straw application and winter crop cultivation were 1.4% and 37.2% in Hapcheon, 1.3% and 19.8% in Gimje, and 0.0% and 0.5% in Dangjin, respectively. The CH₄ emissions estimates for respective sites were 0.40 ton CH₄/year/ha, 0.34 ton CH₄/year/ha, and 0.29 ton CH₄/year/ha. On average, estimated CH₄ emissions of this study were 28.5% less than the current Tier 2 CH₄ emission estimation method.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.241-244
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• 2005

금산 및 음성지역의 4년생 인삼재배 농가포장에서 직파재배 5개소와 이식재배 5개소를 임의로 선정하여 직파와 이식재배에 따른 생육특성 및 엑스와 조사포닌 함량을 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 직파재배는 4년근 생존율이 평균 48%로 이식재배의 86%보다 떨어지나 입모수가 평균 96주/3.3$m^2$순로 이식재배의 57주보다 많고 엽면적지수가 커 수량성이 높은 반면, 주당근중은 작았다. 직파재배는 이식재배에 비해 동체의 신장이 양호하나 지근의 발달이 불량하여 동체중의 비율이 높고 지근중의 비율이 낮았으며, 직파재배는 적변 발생율이 적으나 동체와 지근부위의 엑스와 조사포닌 함량이 낮았다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.419-429
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• 2022

American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) is a perennial herbaceous plant widely cultivated in China, Korea, the United States, and Japan due to its multifunctional properties. In northwest China, transplanting after 2-3 years has become the main mode of artificial cultivation of American ginseng. However, the effects of the cultivation process on the chemical properties of the soil and bacterial community remain poorly understood. Hence, in the present study, high-throughput sequencing and soil chemical analyses were applied to investigate the differences between bacterial communities and nutrition driver factors in the soil during the cultivation of American ginseng. The responses of soil nutrition in different ecological niches were also determined with the results indicating that the cultivation of American ginseng significantly increased the soluble nutrients in the soil. Moreover, the bacterial diversity fluctuated with cultivation years, and 4-year-old ginseng roots had low bacterial diversity and evenness. In the first two years of cultivation, the bacterial community was more sensitive to soil nutrition compared to the last two years. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes dominated the bacterial community regardless of the cultivation year and ecological niche. With the increase of cultivation years, the assembly of bacterial communities changed from stochastic to deterministic processes. The high abundance of Sphingobium, Novosphingobium, and Rhizorhabdus enriched in 4-years-old ginseng roots was mainly associated with variations in the available potassium (AK), total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), and organic matter (OM).