• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.168-173
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• 2016

Four fungal species, during indoor air monitoring for fungi that possibly affect the field testing of a newly bred shiitake cultivar in cultivation houses located in Cheongyang, Chungnam Province and Jangheung, Jeonnam Province. Of these species, two are known to be plant pathogens and the other two are saprobes but potent contaminators in the mushroom cultivation environment. This study reports the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic relationships of these four species based on nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 18S rDNA region, including their known information.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2016

Fungal contamination is a detrimental factor affecting sawdust media-based shiitake cultivation in greenhouses. During fungal monitoring of greenhouses used for shiitake cultivation, eight fungal species were isolated and identified from indoor air and mushroom flies collected in the greenhouses. The current study reported five species as new in Korea, viz. Ascochyta hordei, Discosia artocreas, Mucor nidicola, Perenniporia medulla-panis, and Pseudozyma prolifica, and confirmed two species, Penicillium charlesii and Penicillium brevicompactum, which were previously recorded in Korea without molecular taxonomic validation. The morphological characteristics and phylogenetic relationships based on nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer rDNA region or calmodulin gene were described for all identified species.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2014

Objectives: The principal aim of this study is to investigate and analyze domestic usage amounts of insecticide in rice cultivation in order to provide fundamental data for establishing a job-exposure matrix(JEM) related to farmers working with agricultural insecticides. Materials and Methods: An investigation of domestic usage amounts of insecticides rice cultivation was performed through two methods. The first method utilized information on agricultural pesticides published annually by the Korea Crop Protection Association(KCPA). The second method made use of area of cultivation of rice as officially determined by Statistics Korea(SK). An estimation of domestic usage of insecticides in rice cultivation through the second method was determined by multiplying the total cultivation area of rice($m^2$) by the optimal spray volume of insecticides for rice cultivation per unit of cultivation area($kg/m^2$). Results: As a result of the analysis of public data regarding insecticides in rice cultivation, it was found that the domestic usage amount has decreased sharply from the first year of market sales(1969) to the final data year(2012). There is little difference in the annual usage trend of insecticides in rice cultivation between shipment and estimation. Also, the annual usage trends of insecticides in rice cultivation based on regional classification were nearly similar to those based on the overall aspect. Conclusions: The region which used the largest volume of insecticide in rice cultivation in Korea was the Jeolla Provinces, followed by the Gyeonsang Provinces, the Chungcheong Provinces, Seoul/Gyeonggi Province, Gangwon Province and Jeju Province. Substantially, the mean ratio of usage amounts of insecticide based on shipments and those based on estimation by cultivation area was $96{\pm}29%$, which indicates that the domestic usage amount of insecticide for rice cultivation corresponded to the optimal spray standard per unit area.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.595-604
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• 2015

Soil chemical properties in paddy fields were found to be varied depending upon different cultivation methods such as environmentally-friendly, conventional, and two-crop farming systems and different topographical regions, namely plain, middle mountainous, and reclaimed land regions. Overall soil pH was found to be in optimal range (pH 5.5~6.5) for rice cultivation, except with conventional cultivation fields of the reclaimed lands in Jeonnam province. Electrical conductivity (EC) was relatively higher in the two-crop cultivation fields than in others. However, the concentrations of available phosphate as $P_2O_5$ were exceptionally higher in the two-crop farming fields, thus in submerged paddy condition the phosphate could be released into streams and rivers. Soil organic matter (SOM) contents were mostly in optimal range ($25{\sim}30g\;kg^{-1}$) for paddy field in Jeonbuk province, but in Jeonnam province they were slightly higher values of the range. The concentrations of available silicate ($SiO_2$) were mostly depended on the cultivation methods and the region, but some of paddy fields contained extremely high $SiO_2$ concentration. Statistical relationships among the soil chemical properties showed as follows: Correlations between EC values and exchangeable cation concentrations, between SOM contents and CEC values, and between available $SiO_2$ concentrations and pH, EC, exchangeable cations, and CEC values were positively significant, whereas total nitrogen concentrations were significantly negatively correlated with the concentrations of exchangeable K and Mg. These results might be very useful to establish benchmark paddy fields contained with certain levels of soil fertility.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.293-299
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• 2014

Objectives: The main objective of this study is to investigate domestic usage amount of insecticide for vegetable cultivation to provide fundamental data for establishing job-exposure matrix(JEM) related to farmers treating agricultural insecticide. Materials and Methods: The survey on domestic usage amount of insecticide for vegetable cultivation was conducted by two research methods. The first method is to utilize agricultural pesticides published annually from Korea Crop Protection Association(KCPA). The second method is to apply cultivation area of vegetable announced officially from Statistics Korea(SK). An estimation of domestic usage amount of insecticide for vegetable cultivation through the second method was done by multiplying total cultivation area of vegetable($m^2$) with optimal spray amount of insecticide for vegetable cultivation per unit cultivation area of vegetable ($kg/m^2$). Results: As a result of analysis of public data related to insecticide for vegetable cultivation, it was found that its domestic usage amount has decreased gradually from the first sale year(1969) to current year(2012). There is, however, a considerable difference of annual usage trend of insecticide for vegetable cultivation between shipments and estimation. The annual usage trends of insecticide for vegetable cultivation based on regional classification were different from those based on total aspect. Conclusions: The region which used insecticide for vegetable cultivation the most in Korea was Jeolla-do, followed by Gyeonsang-do, Chungcheong-do, Seoul/Gyeonggi-do, Gangwon-do and Jeju-do. Substantially, mean ratio of usage amounts of insecticide based on shipments and those based on estimation by cultivation area was $281{\pm}115%$, which indicates that usage amounts of insecticide estimated by cultivation area are three times lower than those based on shipments.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.284-284
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• 2009

The LED of cultivation edible plants was compliance the variable of the photo-receptor pigment with the red light source and ultra red light source from long wave region. The mechanism of cultivation edible plants for each part was necessary the wavelength unit which is appropriate, the illuminant source, motor control and lens design of LED light source about plant. The photo-receptor pigment induces for a long daytime recognition, seed germination and anthesis etc, induction years exists in the state which is an inactivity within the cells and in compliance with the red light source to be converted in active

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.50-50
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• 2015

Both agriculture and local tourism of Kagoshima prefecture where is located on the south-western region of the Japanese mainland, are the important industries. Although cabbage (Brassica oleracea) has been cultivated in recent decades in Kagoshima, clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae had never been observed. However, the disease in cabbage was reported in four regions last couple years. Our survey showed that one region is infested severely whereas others are slightly. In the most widely infested region, the disease was also observed in turnip rape (Brassica rapa) which is grown as ornamental plants for landscape design in early spring and important tourist attraction. Consequently, both agriculture and local tourism are damaged by clubroot. The increase of clubroot incidence in this region might be caused by significant increase of cabbage production, the expansion of cropping season throughout the year and continuous turnip rape cultivation in the same fields of cabbage for almost three decades. Therefore we are trying to estimate the risk of clubroot damage cultivation throughout the year in this region. We collected five isolates of resting spores and identified them as race 3, 4 and 9 by Williams' method, and as pathotype group 3 and 4 by classification system using clubroot resistant (CR) $F_1$ cultivars of Chinese cabbage as differential hosts as described in Hatakeyama et al.(2004). Furthermore, we found that these populations were avirulent to commercial CR cabbages. These results indicate that introduction of CR cabbage and breeding of turnip rape are the effective measures to solve our problem.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.177-180
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• 1978

In oriental medicine, Coptis japonica $M_{AKINO}$ (Ranunculaceae) has been known as bitter stomachics. This plant originally grows wild and has been cultivated in Japan but not in Korea. However, a few years ago, some workers have been trying to cultivate this plant in Korea and have made much progress. Therefore, this . study was made for the purpose of conforming possibility in cultivation of Coptis japonica $M_{AKINO}$ in Korea. The results were as follows: 1) Berberine contents of rhizomes are much more than of K.P.. Difference in contents between Eu Jeon Bu $(4.88{\pm}0.77%)$ and Bo Seong area $(3.62{\pm}0.50%)$ is significant (p<0.05). 2) Berberine contents of fibrous roots of Eu jeong Bu $(0.97{\pm}0.28%)$ area was similar to that of Gang Nam $(0.93{\pm}0.21%)$, Yang Pyung area $(0.91{\pm}0.14%)$ but only contents of Bo Seong area $(0.74{\pm}0.25%)$ is less than that of other area and it's difference is not significant. 3) It was considered that the cultivation of Coptis japonica $M_{AKINO}$ in Korea is possible considering the cultivation results and berberine contents, and also more moderate than south region.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2022

This study was conducted to evaluate the productivity of whole crop silage wheat utilizing the paddy fields during a couple of years from 2019 to 2021 in Suwon, Korea. This investigation was used the two maturity types of wheat cultivar 'Cheongwoo' (early) and 'Taeu' (late). The heading date of 2^nd year (Oct. 2020 to May. 2021) cultivation was delayed about 11 to 13 days by more than 1^st year (Oct. 2019 to May. 2020). The growth characteristics were shown that the plant height was increased in 2^nd cultivation, while the number of culms and the panicle part ratio were decreased. Moreover, the nutritive value of 'Cheongwoo' and 'Taeu' were also decreased in 2^nd cultivation. These changes have thought to a difference of the precipitation by cultivation years. Because, the precipitation during the period from the end of winter dormancy to the harvesting stage in 2^nd (337 mm) cultivation was more about twice than 1st (169.3 mm) cultivation. However, the dry matter yield of 'Cheongwoo' was not shown a statistical difference by cultivation years, while 'Taeu' was shown to decrease tendency. The total dry matter yield regardless of the cultivation years were higher in 'Cheongwoo' than 'Taeu', and especially 'Cheongwoo' was more 3 tons per hectare (15.3 t/ha) than 'Taeu' (12.6 t/ha) at 2^nd cultivation (p<0.01). The trend of dry weight in 'Cheongwoo', early mature type, showed a relatively high ratio of dry matter (p<0.05) was considered that due to a high panicle ratio by a fast heading and an adequate weight of panicles by a sufficient maturing. In conclusion, selecting the early maturity cultivars could achieve a higher and more stable total dry matter yield considering the cropping system in the central region. Furthermore, it also has the advantage of being able to double-cropping system with forage rice, which has considered the maximum whole-crop forage production year-round. These results suggest that the 'Cheongwoo' be optimum cultivar to produce the year-round forage on paddy fields in the central region.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.188-196
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• 2020

BACKGROUND: In order to cultivate upland crops in reclaimed land, economically appropriate crops should be selected. Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) is one of the primary sources for inulin in higher plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare growth and inulin of H. tuberosus L. according to the cultivation region in Korea. METHODS AND RESULTS: 21 varieties of H. tuberosus L. were collected in Korea, and then 7 varieties of H. tuberosus L. were selected for this study. To compare growth and inulin, those varieties were cultivated in reclaimed land and upland soils. The growth of H. tuberosus L. significantly decreased when cultivated in reclaimed land. There was an increas at 17.8% in the content of white H. tuberosus L. tuber inulin in reclaimed land. CONCLUSION: The content of inulin in H. tuberosus L. tubers was found to be dependent on cultivation region and tuber color. There was a difference of the inulin content between the tubers with different colors in reclaimed land. Purple tubers of P20 were considered suitable varieties for cultivation in reclaimed land. White tubers of W1 and W8 were also considered suitable varieties for cultivation in reclaimed land.