• Title/Summary/Keyword: cultivars.

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PNA 바이오칩을 이용한 고려인삼 품종 판별 (Molecular Identification of Korean Ginseng Cultivars (Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.) using Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) Microarray)

  • 방경환;조익현;김영창;김장욱;박홍우;신미란;김영배;김옥태;현동윤;김동휘;차선우
    • 한국약용작물학회지
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    • 제20권5호
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    • pp.387-392
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    • 2012
  • This study was carried out to identify Korean ginseng cultivars using peptide nucleic acid (PNA) microarray. Sixty-seven probes were designed based on nucleotide variation to distinguish Korean ginseng cultivars of Panax ginseng. Among those PNA probes, three (PGB74, PGB110 and PGB130) have been developed to distinguish five Korean ginseng cultivars. Five Korean ginseng cultivars were denoted as barcode numbers depending on their fluorescent signal patterns of each cultivar using three probe sets in the PNA microarray. Five Korean ginseng cultivars, Chunpoong, Yunpoong, Gopoong, Gumpoong and Sunpoong, were simply denoted as '111', '222', '211', '221' and '122', respectively. This is the first report of PNA microarray which provided an objective and reliable method for the authentication of Korean ginseng cultivars. Also, the PNA microarray will be useful for management system and pure guarantee in ginseng seed.

뿌리혹선충(Meloidogyne incognita와 M. hapla)에 대한 우리나라 콩 장려품종의 저항성 검정 (Resistance of Soybean Cultivars to Root-Knot Nematode Species (Meloidogyne incognita and M. hapla) in Korea)

  • 김동근;최동로;최영연
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.34-37
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    • 1982
  • 두 종류의 부리혹선충(M. incognita, M. hapla) 각각에 대한 우리나라 콩 장려품종들의 저항성을 검정한 결과 1. 인코그니타혹선충(M. incognita)에는 은대두, 백천, 동북대, 단엽콩이 저항성 이었으며 광두, 황금총, 부석은 중정도 저항성이었고 광교외 8품종은 감수성 이었다. 2. 당근혹선충(M. hapla)에는 장엽콩 한 품종만이 저항성이었으며 단엽콩, 힐, 동북태, 함안대립, 충북백은 중정도 저항성을 나타내었고 육우 3호 외 9품종은 감수성이었다. 3. 두 종류의 뿌리혹선충에 모두 저항성을 나타내는 품종은 없었으나 단엽콩과 둥북태는 인코니타혹선충(M. incognita)에는 저항성을 가지면서 당근혹선충(M. hapla)에는 중정도 저항성을 나타내는 좋은 품종이었다.

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Hosta 품종의 절엽 수명에 관한 연구 (Studies on the Leaf Vase Life of Hosta Cultivars)

  • 홍훈기;이종석
    • 생물환경조절학회지
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    • 제19권4호
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    • pp.223-228
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    • 2010
  • Hosta 품종 중에서 관상가치가 있는 21종을 선정하여 절엽 소재로 개발하고자 2009년 7월 1일부터 8월 15일까지 광도 750Lux, 온도 $28{\pm}2^{\circ}C$, 습도 52% 의 실내 환경 조건에서 수명을 조사하였다. H. 'June'의 절엽 수명이 29일로 가장 길었으며 10일 이상 수명을 유지한 품종은 'Remember Me', H. lancifolia var. grandiflora, 'Grand Marquee', 'Dress Blue', 'Blue Dimples', 'Frosted Dimples' 'Birchwood Park's Gold', 'Krossa Regal', 'Paradise Power'였다. 이 10가지 품종의 특정은 엽록소 함량이 높고, 경과시간에 따른 엽록소 함량의 변화가 적었으며, 물 흡수력이 높았다. 또한 처리 후 일정기간 엽록소 함량이 증가하였으며, 다른 Hosta, 속 품종에 비해 수명이 길어 화훼장 식용 절엽으로 개발이 가능한 품종으로 선발되었다.

Development of Reproducible EST-derived SSR Markers and Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Panax ginseng Cultivars and Related Species

  • Choi, Hong-Il;Kim, Nam-Hoon;Kim, Jun-Ha;Choi, Beom-Soon;Ahn, In-Ok;Lee, Joon-Soo;Yang, Tae-Jin
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • 제35권4호
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    • pp.399-412
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    • 2011
  • Little is known about the genetics or genomics of Panax ginseng. In this study, we developed 70 expressed sequence tagderived polymorphic simple sequence repeat markers by trials of 140 primer pairs. All of the 70 markers showed reproducible polymorphism among four Panax species and 19 of them were polymorphic in six P. ginseng cultivars. These markers segregated 1:2:1 manner of Mendelian inheritance in an $F_2$ population of a cross between two P. ginseng cultivars, 'Yunpoong' and 'Chunpoong', indicating that these are reproducible and inheritable mappable markers. A phylogenetic analysis using the genotype data showed three distinctive groups: a P. ginseng-P. japonicus clade, P. notoginseng and P. quinquefolius, with similarity coefficients of 0.70. P. japonicus was intermingled with P. ginseng cultivars, indicating that both species have similar genetic backgrounds. P. ginseng cultivars were subdivided into three minor groups: an independent cultivar 'Chunpoong', a subgroup with three accessions including two cultivars, 'Gumpoong' and 'Yunpoong' and one landrace 'Hwangsook' and another subgroup with two accessions including one cultivar, 'Gopoong' and one landrace 'Jakyung'. Each primer pair produced 1 to 4 bands, indicating that the ginseng genome has a highly replicated paleopolyploid genome structure.

Alachlor, Linuron과 Metribuzin의 약해반응에 대한 대두품종간 차이 (Differential Response of Soybean Cultivars to Alachlor, Linuron, and Metribuzin)

  • 변종영;최창열
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.66-72
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    • 1980
  • 대두용 제초제로서 사용되고 있는 Alachlor, Linuron 및 Metribuzin에 대한 대두의 품종간 약해반응을 검토하기 위하여 한국품종 20종, 일본품종 10종과 미국품종 10종을 공시하여 각각 두 수준의 제초제 농도에서 약해정도를 조사하였으며 그 효과는 다음과 같다. 1. Alachlor 120, 240g / 10a 처리하였을 때 대두품종간 약해반응의 차이는 뚜렷하지 않았으며 경남 2 호, Ugodaiz, Ryooku 27, Kokesijiro, Iwade 2, Musumejiro, Lee와 Kirin 5에서 경미한 약해를 나타냈다. 2. Linuron 62.5g/10a을 처리한 경우 Ryooku27을 제외 한 대부분의 품종은 경미한 약해를 보이거나 혹은 전혀 약해를 나타내지 않았지만 125g/10a을 처리함에 따라 Ryooku 27과 Musumejiro는 고사되있고 광묘, Noki 1, Kokeijiro와 Kirin 5는 심한 약해를 받았다. 특히 공시된 일본품종은 한국품종과 미국품종에 비하여 약해가 더 심하게 나타난 경향이었다. 3. Metribuzin 50g/10a을 처리함에 따라 경남 002, Toyosuzu, Noki 1, Iwade 2와 Hampton은 고사되였고 충북백외 4품종도 심한 약해를 받았다. 한편 100g/10a을 처리하면 수원 6002, Musumejiro, Lee와 Little Wonder를 제외한 모든 품종에서 약해를 보였으며 특히 경남 002외 12품종은 고사되었고 수원 6004외 6품종도 심한 약해를 받았다. 4. Metribusin은 전반적으로 Alachlor와 Linuron에 비하여 품종간 약해반응이 민감하였으며 대두에 대한 안전성의 폭도 매우 좁은 것으로 인정되었다.

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What factors reduce the yield potentiality in high-yielding rice?

  • Kobata, Tohru;Yoshida, Haruka;Masiko, Uukina;Honda, Tohru;Ishi, Hibiki;Iwasaki, Hiroyuki
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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    • pp.19-19
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    • 2017
  • The indica ${\times}$ japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars released in Japan since 1980 are high-yielding. However, occasionally in these cultivars their high yield potentials cannot be realized, particularly depending on climate conditions. The objectives of this study were to identify the reason for yield instability and the critical yield component factor causing lower grain yield in these high-yielding cultivars. Standard-yield japonica, high-yielding japonica-dominant, and indica-dominant cultivars were grown in western Japan. Rough grain yield (RY) in these high-yielding cultivars ranged from 450 to $980g\;m^{-2}$, and was positively correlated with potential grain yield (PRY). By fluctuations of solar radiation, RY changed with spikelet number (SNO), and SNO was correlated with cumulative radiation during the panicle formation period of 30 days before heading. Even if higher SNO was achieved under higher radiant conditions, RY was lower than PRY. The lower grain-filling in plants bearing higher SNO resulted from a lower filling percentage of spikelets (%F, RY/PRY), and %F was strongly correlated with spikelet fertility (%S) across all cultivars. %S was highly influenced by cumulative radiation per PRY during pollen development and establishment around heading. Inhibition of assimilation by leaf removal lowered %S. Conversely, stem thinning and removal of upper panicles around heading increased %S in spikelets of the lower part of the panicle in which sterility was higher. These results suggest that limitation of assimilate-supply due to low irradiance at the spikelet-formation and flowering stages restrains the potential of the high-yielding cultivars, depending on reduction of SNO and %S, respectively.

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Comparative proteome analysis of seeds of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) cultivars

  • Roy, Swapan Kumar;Kwon, Soo Jeong;Park, Hyeong-Jun;Yu, Je-Hyeok;Sarker, Kabita;Cho, Seong-Woo;Jung, Tae-Wook;Park, Cheol-Ho;Woo, Sun-Hee
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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    • pp.120-120
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    • 2017
  • Since the composition of proteins from the Korean cultivars of Proso millet is unknown; thereby, the present study was conducted to obtain a reference map of millet seed proteins and identify the functional characteristics of the identified proteins. Proteins extracted from the millet seeds of various cultivars, were investigated using proteomic techniques as 2D electrophoresis coupled with mass fingerprinting. The 1152 (differentially expressed) proteins were detected on 2-D gel. Among them, 26 reproducible protein spots were analyzed by MALDI-TOF-TOF mass spectrometry. Out of 26 proteins, 2 proteins were up-regulated towards all cultivars of millet, while 7 proteins were up-regulated and 13 proteins were down-regulated against only one cultivar. However, abundance in most identified protein species, associated with metabolism, transcription and transcription was significantly enhanced, while that of another protein species involved in polysaccharide metabolism, stress response and pathogenesis were severely reduced. Taken together, the results observed from the study suggest that the differential expression of proteins from the four cultivars of millet may be cultivar-specific. Taken together, a proteomic investigation of millet seeds from different cultivars, we sought to better understand the genetic variation of millet cultivars representing the future millet research, and the functional categorization of individual proteins on the basis of their molecular function.

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Ultrastructural Characteristics of Necrosis and Stunt Disease in Red Pepper by the Mixed Infections of Tobacco mosaic virus-U1 or Pepper mild mottle virus and Pepper mottle virus

  • Kim, Dae-Hyun;Cho, Jeom-Deog;Kim, Jae-Hyun;Kim, Jenog-Soo;Cho, Eui-Kyoo
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.252-257
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    • 2005
  • In single infection of Tobacco mosaic virus-U1 (TMV­U1) or Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), mosaic symptoms were produced on the chili pepper cultivars of 'Cheongyang' and 'Wangshilgun'. However, in cultivars of 'Manitta' and 'Bugang', no symptoms were occurred. In single infection of Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV), symptoms of mottle and malformation were produced on the tested cultivars of 'Manitta', 'Bugang', 'Cheongyang', and 'Wangshilgun'. In the cultivars of 'Cheongyang' and 'Wangshilgun', synergistic symptoms of stunt and lethal death were induced by mixed infections in the two combinations of TMV-U1 + PepMoV and PMMoV+PepMoV. However, in cultivars of 'Manitta' and 'Bugang', synergistic symptoms were not noted, but mottling which was milder than that of single infection was produced. Cells infected singly with TMV-U1 and PMMoV in the cultivars of 'Cheongyang' and 'Wangshilgun', respectively, had the typical ultra-structures of tobamovirus as the stacked-band structure and multiple spiral aggregate (SA). In the cells and tissues infected with PepMoV on the cultivars of 'Cheongyang', 'Wangshilgun', 'Manitta' and 'Bugang', the potyvirus inclusions of pinwheels, scrolls, lamminated aggregates and amorphous inclusion were observed. In the cells infected mixedly with combinations of TMV­U1+PepMoV and PMMoV+PepMoV, the virus particles and inclusions of the two different viruses were found simultaneously in the same cytoplasm. The amounts of virus particles in mixed infections were more abundant than in single infection. The angled-layer aggregates (ALA) were observed only in the cells infected with both TMV-U1 and PepMoV.

Comparison of chrysanthemum cultivars based on direct shoot regeneration rates in tissue culture

  • Han, Bong-Hee;Lee, Su-Young;Park, Byoung-Mo
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • 제36권3호
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    • pp.275-280
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    • 2009
  • Direct shoot regeneration from leaf or internode or petiole segments was conducted in 33 cultivars of chrysanthemum. Shoot regeneration rates varied according to cultivars, culture media, and explant types. The high shoot regeneration rate of more than 70% in 15 cultivars (‘Pink Pangpang’, ‘Orange Memory’, ‘Relance’, ‘Zinba’, ‘Beakma’, ‘Innocence’, ‘Sunny Pangpang’, ‘Euro Yellow’, ‘Dublin’, ‘Boramae’, ‘Peak’, ‘Euro White’, ‘Vesuvio White’, ‘Linneker Salmon’ and ‘Pink Pride’) and 2 ones (‘Forward’ and ‘Agason’) was obtained from the segments of leaves and internodes, respectively, cultured on MS medium containing 1.0 mg-$L^{-1}$ BAP, 0.5 mg-$L^{-1}$ IAA and 30 g-$L^{-1}$ sucrose. That in 6 cultivars (‘Shuhonochikara’, ‘Hakunosen’, ‘Whitney Pangpang’, ‘Plaisir D’Amour’, ‘Grace’ and ‘Kumsu’) was observed from the segments of leaves or internodes cultured on 1/2 MS medium 1.0 mg-$L^{-1}$ BAP, 0.5 mg-$L^{-1}$ IAA and 15 g-$L^{-1}$ sucrose In case of 3 cultivars (‘Ilweol’, ‘Puma White’ and ‘Sharon’), when internode explants excised from mother plants, which were pre-cultured on MS medium containing 2 g-$L^{-1}$ activated charcoal and 30 g-$L^{-1}$ sucrose for two months in the dark, and cultured on MS medium containing 1.0 mg-$L^{-1}$ BAP, 0.5 mg-$L^{-1}$ IAA and 30 g-$L^{-1}$ sucrose, that was shown. Seven cultivars including ‘Puma Yellow’, ‘Argus’, ‘Yes Morning’, ‘Whiparam’, ‘Hakunohikari’, ‘Charming Eye’ and ‘Moon light’ requires more improved culture conditions. Tissues with the highest shoot regeneration rate were in descending order, leaf, petiole, and internode segments.

EFFECTS OF UV-B RADIATION ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF RICE CULTIVARS (ORYZA SATIVA L.).

  • Kumagai, T.
    • Journal of Photoscience
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    • 제1권2호
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    • pp.135-141
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    • 1994
  • Elevated near-UV radiation, containing a large amount of UV-B and a small amount of UV-C, inhibited the development of leaves and tillers, the increase in biomass production, the elongation of plant height, the photosynthetic rate and the chlorophyll content in rice plants in a phytotron. Elevated UV-B radiation filtered through cellulose diacetate film or UV-31 cut filter (transmission down to 290 nm) similarly suppressed each growth component above. Near-UV radiation-caused injuries were alleviated either by elevated CO$_2$ atmosphere or by exposure to high irradiance-visible radiation. On the basis of these findings, we examined cultivar differences in the resistance to UV radiation-caused injuries among 198 rice cultivars belonging to 5 Asian rice ecotypes ( aus, aman, boro, bulu and tjeleh) from the Bengal region and Indonesia and to Japanese lowland and upland rice groups. It was shown that .various cultivars having different sensitivities to the effects of near-UV radiation were involved in the same ecotype and the same group, and that the Japanese lowland rice group and the boro ecotype were more resistant. Among Japanese lowland rice cultivars, Sasanishiki (one of the leading varieties in Japan) exhibited more resistance to near-UV radiation, while Norin 1 showed less resistance, although these two cultivars are closely related. It was thus indicated that the resistance to the inhibitory effects of near-UV radiation of rice cultivars is not simply due to the difference in the geographical situation where rice cultivars are cultivated. From the genetic analysis of resistance to the inhibitory effects of UV radiation on growth of rice using F$_2$ plants generated by reciprocally crossing Sasanishiki and Norin 1 and F$_3$ lines generated by self-fertilizing F$_2$ plants, it was evident that the resistance to the inhibitory effects of elevated near-UV radiation in these rice plants was controlled by recessive polygenes.

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