• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1065-1071
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• 2001

Delayed onset muscle soreness is a sensation of discomfort that occurs 24 h after exercise, and it is associated with the performance of unfamiliar and high force muscle work, such as eccentric contractions. The injury to the muscle has been well described but the mechanism underlying the injury is not fully understood. Although the pathophysiological processes underlying delayed onset muscle soreness are not completely understood, many researchers have investigated various treatments in a attempt to reduce the soreness. Physical therapy is the most importance techniques to reduce delayed onset muscle soreness. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of a cryotherapt on DOMS. Thirty subjects were randomly assigned to experimental group : control, cryotherapy, and placebo group. Elbow flexion range, mechanical pain threshold. and subjective pain were measured 30 min before DOMS was induced and 24, 48, 72 hours after DOMS was induced. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Elbow flexion range showed significant difference each time, especially at 48 and 72 hours 2. Mechanical pain thershold and subjectively pain showed no significant difference between group.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.272-277
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• 2008

연구배경: 중심성 기도폐쇄를 동반하는 진행성 폐암환자에서 기도폐쇄를 호전시키기 위해 다양한 중재적 시술 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol. 64. No. 4, Apr. 2008277방법들이 시도되고 있으며, 이러한 시술방법 중 최근 굴절성 cryoprobe를 이용한 냉동치료가 국내에서도 시도되고 있다. 방법: 냉동치료 기계는 cryomachine과 cryoprobe로 구성되며, 냉매로는 아산화질소(N2O)를 사용하였다. 굴곡경 기관지내시경의 working chanel을 통해 굴절성 cryoprobe를 악성종양의 중심에 위치한 후 급속 냉동($-89^{\circ}C$)하여 악성 종양 조직을 냉동 시킨 후 stalk을 puling하여 제거하거나 급속 냉동과 해동 과정을 반복하였다. 결과: 중심성 기도폐쇄가 발생한 진행성 폐암 환자 4명에게 냉동치료를 시술하였다. 3명의 환자에서 성공적으로 기도폐쇄를 유발하는 종양을 제거하였으며, 그 후 호흡곤란 및 무기폐 소견이 호전되었다. 1명의 환자에서 기관지 천공으로 인한 종격동 기종이 발생하였으며 또 다른 환자에서 냉동치료 도중 대량 출혈이 발생하였으나 응급 조치 후 다시 회복되었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제68권1호
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• pp.6-9
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• 2010

Background: The efficacious use of interventional bronchoscope for patients with central airway obstruction due to malignant or benign lesions has been proven. Among many therapeutic bronchoscopic procedures, endobronchial cryotherapy is an established recanalization method for the obstruction of the respiratory tract. Recently, the use of this procedure has been increasing in Korea. However, limited data are available in the literature regarding its efficacy in Korea. Methods: Thirty patients, who had been treated with a flexible cryoprobe for cryotherapy were enrolled; clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were analyzed. The patients had been treated with the technique using nitrous oxide as a cryogen under local anesthesia. Objective outcomes were 3 different degrees of therapeutic success by use of follow-up bronchoscopic findings as follows: successful, partially successful, and unsuccessful response. Subjective outcomes were evaluated as an improvement in symptoms. Results: The mean age of enrolled patients was $59{\pm}11$ years and there was a male (22/30) dominance. Twenty-three patients had malignant tumor and 7 patients had benign lesions with central airway obstruction. Successful recanalization was achieved in 11 (37%) patients, and partially successful response was achieved in 15 (50%) patients. Dyspnea was improved in 84.2% (16/19) of patients. At least one respiratory symptom was resolved in 91.3% (21/23) patients. Seven patients (23.3%) needed additional bronchoscopic electrocautery because of the bleeding as a complication of cryotherapy. Conclusion: Endobronchial cryotherapy is an effective and less expensive procedure for the management of central airway obstruction. However, the procedure should be performed under the preparing for an emergency situation, such as massive bleeding.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권18호
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• pp.7805-7809
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• 2014

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy and prognostic factors of chemoreduction combined with topical treatment of advanced intraocular retinoblastoma (RB). Materials and Methods: A total of 22 eyes from 17 children with RB were selected for the study and treated with chemoreduction combined with topical cryotherapy, transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) or episcleral plaque brachytherapy. Clinical and follow-up data were retrospectively analyzed. Results: All children received 2~6 courses of chemoreduction treatment, ($4.5{\pm}0.8$ courses on average); 17 eyes from 13 children were treated by chemoreduction combined with cryotherapy or TTT and 5 eyes from 4 children with chemoreduction combined with $^{125}I$ episcleral plaque brachytherapy. The eye retention rate was 81.8% (18/22), among which 38.9% (7/18) featured restored or maintained good vision. Postoperative follow-up period was 7 to 34 months, ($18.6{\pm}5.2$ months on average). The recurrence rate was 41.2% (7/17), among which 57.1% (4/7) were controlled by supplementing or appending cryotherapy or TTT treatment during the follow-up period. The tumor basal diameter and thickness were significantly reduced (P<0.05 or P<0.01) after treatment. All children demonstrated different degrees of hair loss, 70.6% (12/17) with different degrees of gastrointestinal reactions, 5.88% (1/17) with neutropenia and 11.8% (2/17) being seriously infected during the chemotherapeutic treatment. Univariate and logistic regression analysis showed that tumor basal diameter before treatment had a significant effect on the prognosis (P<0.01). Conclusions: Chemoreduction combined with topical therapy can effectively control RB in the short term, and tumor basal diameter before treatment is an independent risk factor for prognosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권24호
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• pp.10757-10762
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of VIA screening with cryotherapy and to record normative values for indicators anticipated in similar low resource settings. Women aged 30-49 years were targeted, resulting in 1961 women screened and treated at two primary health care (PHC) centres near Suva, Fiji. Recruitment was through provision of information, education and communication (IEC). Referrals to a gynaecology outpatient department (OPD) at a referral hospital occurred throughout the screening pathway. Participation was 32% (95%CI 31-33%), higher in iTaukei (Melanesians) women (34%, 95%CI 33-36) compared to Fijians of Indian descent (26%, 95%CI 24-28). Regression analysis, adjusted for confounders, indicated significantly lower participation in those of Indian descent, and age groups 35-39 and 45-49 years. Of those examined by VIA, 190 were positive with aceto-white lesions (9.9%), within the expected range of 8-15%, with minor geographic and ethnic variation. Positive VIA results were more common in the peri-urban area, and in those aged 35-39 years. Of women aged 30-49 years, 59 received cryotherapy (none of whom had significant complications), 91 were referred to OPD, two cervical carcinomas were identified and eight cervical intra-epithelial neoplasms (CIN) II-III were diagnosed. These results provide normative findings from a community-based VIA screening program for other similar low resource settings.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was investigate the changes of gastrocnemius (GCM) muscle activity by applying different hot and cold therapeutic modalities. METHODS: A total of 20 healthy subjects were enrolled into the study. We selected transfer modalities that are frequently used in clinical settings: conduction, radiation, and convection. We performed hot pack, ice pack, and infrared therapy for 10, 20, and 30 minutes. After each application, a break was taken between each day. In addition, we performed cryotherapy for 3 min (airflow rate = $-6{\sim}-20^{\circ}C$). We measured muscle activity changes in the GCM muscle. RESULTS: For the conduction method, muscle activity significantly increased after ice pack therapy for 10 min and 20 min but decreased after hot pack therapy for 10 min and 20 min. For the radiation method, muscle activity significantly decreased after infrared therapy for 10 min and 20 min. For the convection method, muscle activity significantly increased after cryotherapy for 3 min and 10 min. There were no differences in the change of muscle activity in the conduction and radiation transfer method using heat. However, there were differences in the change of muscle activity in the conduction and convection transfer method with cold application. CONCLUSION: For a reduction in muscle activity, regardless of the transfer type, thermal application for 20 min would be effective. For an increase in muscle activity, cold pack application or cryotherapy for 20 min would be effective. This study could contribute toward therapeutic modality application in changing muscle activity.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.80.1-80.13
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• 2021

Background: Hyperbaric gaseous cryotherapy (HGC) is a type of cryotherapy used in human medicine for rehabilitation after orthopedic surgeries. Because HGC is known to reduce acute or chronic pain, research is needed to prove its effectiveness in veterinary medicine. Objectives: To compare the effects of HGC between the HGC treatment group and the nontreatment (NT) group on postoperative swelling, range of motion, lameness score, postoperative pain, and kinetic measurements after stifle joint surgery in dogs. Methods: Dogs were randomized in an HGC group or NT groups. In the HGC group, HGC was applied once a day for a total of 2 days after surgery. All parameters were measured postoperatively and at 1, 2, 10, and 28 days after surgery. Results: Twenty dogs were enrolled: 10 in the HGC group and 10 in the NT group. Soft tissue swelling was not significantly different between groups at any time point. In the HGC group, pain scores decreased significantly 24 h after surgery and 48 h after surgery. Dogs in the HGC group showed a significantly decreased lameness and improvement for all kinetic measurements beginning 48 h after surgery. In addition, the HGC group indicated a significant increase in range of motion as compared with the NT group at 28 days after surgery. Conclusions: HGC plays a powerful role in decreasing initial postoperative pain. Furthermore, the improvement in pain affects the use of the operated limb, and the continued use of the limb eventually assists in the quick recovery of normal function.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.167-175
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to determine the efforts of cold applied for reducing spasticity in patients with traumatic brain injury and cerebrovascular accident who did not take neurosurgical treatment and medication except patients with spinal cord injury. The participants consisted of 17 men and 28 female was ramdomly assigned to three groups with each 15. The results were as followings after making on observation about the change of skin temperature and spasticity throughout cryotherapy which was performed with cooling air in Group I (1 min), Group II (5 min) and Group III (10 min). 1. It was found that the Group III, Group II, Group I, in the order named, had the statistically significant reduction of skin temperature, the reduction of spasticity showed statistically significance in Group III, Group II, in order named, but did net show it even though there was a little increase in Group I. 2. The reduction of skin temperature and spasticity did not continue over 24 hours at the same time every day for 5 days. 3. The longer cryotherapy was applied the more skin temperature and spasticity reduced, the more skin temperature was reduced the more spasticity reduced.

• Medical Lasers
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.55-59
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• 2021

A foreign body in the airway can be a potentially life-threatening event. The diagnosis and treatment of foreign bodies in the airway are a challenge for otolaryngologists. Despite the improvements in medical care and public awareness, approximately 3,000 deaths occur each year from foreign body aspiration. A high degree of vigilance is required to ensure prompt treatment and avoid the complications of foreign body aspiration. The author encountered a case of a 77-year-old female patient who had aspirated an unknown foreign body that was fixed in her main bronchus. An initial attempt was made to remove it with a flexible bronchoscope but failed due to the patient's hypoxemic state during the procedure. Under general anesthesia, a rigid bronchoscopic examination was performed, but it was difficult to approach the object due to the bronchus curvature. Instead, a cryotherapy instrument of bronchoscopy was applied. The foreign body was frozen and removed to the carina, where a laryngoscope and laryngeal forceps were used to remove it.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.24-29
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• 2009