• 제목/요약/키워드: crustal deformation velocity

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A Study on the Crust Deformation in and Around Korean Peninsula Using DGPS Data

  • Cho, Jin-Dong;Park, Jun Ku
    • 지구물리
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.151-158
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    • 2006
  • Highly accurate surface velocity estimation using modern geodetic techniques plays very important role in the geological and geophysical interpretation. Researches with GPS are ongoing in many countries of the world. This study aims to estimate the amount of crustal deformation and the direction of deformation in the Korean Peninsula and in its neighbor. We used GAMIT that is a comprehensive GPS analysis package developed at MIT. Then, a Global Kalman filter called GLOBK is used to combine the results from GAMIT and to estimate the relative and absolute velocity vector for the crustal deformations. To estimate station velocity accuracy and reliably, it is extremely important to pay great attention to the reference frame. Firstly, using the Suwon (SUWN) of Eurasian plate as main frame, we estimate the relative amount of crustal deformation and a direction of Eurasian plate and North American plate, Secondly, using ITRF 2000 as main frame, we estimate the absolute crustal deformation of Eurasian plate and North American plate. The continent of Eurasian where has the Korean Peninsula deforms 33.36 mm per year to East-Southeast (ESE), and Japanese Tsukuba (TSKB) in North American plate deforms to South-Southwest (SSW). Finally, the Korean Peninsula is approaching the Japanese Island and the rate of horizontal crustal deformation between the Suwon and the Tsukuba is about 31.98 mm per year in the moving direction of N85.9oW (274.1o) for the past three years.

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DGPS 자료를 이용한 남한지역의 지각변위 분석 (Analysis of South Korean Crust Deformation Using DGPS Data)

  • 박준구;조진동;임삼성
    • 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지구물리탐사학회 2004년도 대한지구물리학회.한국지구물리탐사학회 공동학술대회 초록집
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    • pp.54-62
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    • 2004
  • According to the Korea Tectonic Map, the Korean Peninsula can be divided into seven tectonic units and each of them shows a peculiar deformation pattern. In order to estimate an amount of crustal deformation in the Korean peninsula, we obtained the velocity vector fields of South Korea by dealing with the data set of the years 2001 and 2002, measured from the permanent GPS stations across the country To obtain a relatively precise coordinate of each station, we used GAMIT that is a comprehensive GPS analysis package developed at MIT, Then, a Kalman filter called GLOBK is used to combine the results from GAMIT and to estimate the relative velocity vector for the crustal deformations. The crustal movement of South Korea is turned out to be about 1mm per year westward and about 0.6mm per year southward. In case of Suwon and Seosan(Gyeonggi Massif), the movement occurs slightly to the north-east direction. The movement of a relative velocity field in the tectonic unit is unidirectional, yet the magnitude of the velocity is very small.

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GPS로 추정한 지각변동 속도 및 판 거동 모델과의 비교 (Crustal Deformation Velocities Estimated from GPS and Comparison of Plate Motion Models)

  • 송동섭;윤홍식
    • 대한토목학회논문집
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    • 제26권5D호
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    • pp.877-884
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    • 2006
  • GPS는 지각판 속도 추정과 같은 높은 정밀도가 요구되는 연구 분야에서 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 GPS 상시관측소 8개소의 3년간 관측 데이터를 Gipsy-OasisII 소프트웨어를 이용하여 한반도의 지각변동량을 계산하였다. 지각변동 속도벡터는 일별 처리 결과의 시계열 분석에 의한 선형 회귀분석으로 추정하였다. 추정된 변동 속도의 표준편차는 0.1mm/yr 이하였으며, 그 크기는 25.1~31.1mm/yr의 범위로 매우 작게 나타났다. SOPAC에서 계산한 IGS의 계산결과와 비교한 결과 보편적으로 지각변동의 크기와 방향이 잘 일치되는 경향을 나타내었다. 본 연구 결과를 평가하기 위하여 6개의 판 거동 모델의 결과와도 비교를 하였다.

Crustal Movement at Ol Doinyo Lengai based on GPS Measurements

  • Meshili, Valerie Ayubu;Kwon, Jay Hyoun
    • 한국측량학회지
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    • 제38권5호
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    • pp.401-406
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    • 2020
  • Continuously monitoring of Horizontal and Vertical movements in vulnerable areas due to earthquakes and volcanic activities is vital. These geohazard activities are the result of a slow deformation rate at the tectonic plate boundaries. The recent development of GPS (Global Positioning System) technology has made it possible to attain a millimeter level changes in the Earth's crust. This study used continuously observed GPS data at the flank of Ol Doinyo Lengai volcanic Mountain to determine crustal motion caused by impinging volcano from mantle convention. We analyzed 8 GPS observed from June 2016 to Dec 2019 using a well-documented Global Kalman Filter GAMIT/GLOBK software. The resulting velocity from GAMIT/GLOBK analysis was then used to compute the relative motion of our study area with respect to Nubia plate. Our analysis discovered a minor motion of less than 5mm/year in both horizontal and vertical components.

지진에 의한 측지학적 지각변동 분석을 위한 GNSS 자료 전처리 연구 (A Study on GNSS Data Pre-processing for Analyzing Geodetic Effects on Crustal Deformation due to the Earthquake)

  • 손동효;김두식;박관동
    • 대한공간정보학회지
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.47-54
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    • 2015
  • 이 논문에서는 지진에 의한 지각변동 분석에서 측지학적 요소만을 구분하고자 하는 목적으로 GNSS 자료를 전처리하는 전략을 연구하였다. 이를 위해 GNSS 자료처리 결과의 해석에 앞서 GNSS 좌표 시계열에서 나타나는 위신호들을 검출하고 제거하였다. GNSS 관측소는 한반도가 포함된 큰 지각판 위에 위치하므로 판의 운동으로 인한 속도가 좌표 시계열에 포함된다. 그리고 일부 관측소 주변에 위치한 나무들은 계절에 따라 성장변화가 일어나기 때문에 계절적 신호특성이 GNSS 좌표 시계열에 반영된다. 따라서 오일러축에 의한 지각판 운동효과를 정확히 제거하기 위해 축의 위치와 각속도를 한반도 지각판에 맞게 새롭게 추정하였고 이에 대한 검증을 수행하였다. 그리고 1년 주기로 나타나는 계절변동 신호를 추정해 각 관측소의 좌표시계열에 반영하였다. 두 효과를 제거함으로써 지진에 의한 영향을 측지학적으로 분석할 수 있다. 이를 이용해 2011년 동일본 대지진에 의한 지각변위 예비 분석을 수행하였다.

First Results of GPS Measurements Along the Lai Chau - Dien Bien Fault in North-West Vietnam

  • DUONG Chi Cong;YUN Hong-Sic;CHO Jae-Myong;LEE Dong-Ha
    • Korean Journal of Geomatics
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.51-58
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    • 2005
  • GPS measurements from Feb. 2002 through Mar. 2004 were used to estimate recent crustal movement across the Lai Chau - Dien Bien fault system in North-West Vietnam. Four GPS campaign data were processed and combined with appropriate constraints using automatic GAMIT/GLOBK run in order to estimate ITRF2000 coordinates, local horizontal velocity and extensive/compressive strain rates. ITRF2000 velocities are consistent with east-southeastward movement of Sundaland i.e. Indochina. Local velocities show not much left-lateral strike-slip of the fault system and derived strain rates are insignificant from zero at $95\%$ confidence.

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Numerical Analyses on the Formation, Propagation, and Deformation of Landslide Tsunami Using LS-DYNA and NWT

  • Seo, Minjang;Yeom, Gyeong-Seon;Lee, Changmin;Lee, Woo-Dong
    • 한국해양공학회지
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    • 제36권1호
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    • pp.11-20
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    • 2022
  • Generally, tsunamis are generated by the rapid crustal movements of the ocean floor. Other factors of tsunami generation include landslides on coastal and ocean floor slopes, glacier collapses, and meteorite collisions. In this study, two numerical analyses were conducted to examine the formation, propagation, and deformation properties of landslide tsunamis. First, LS-DYNA was adopted to simulate the formation and propagation processes of tsunamis generated by dropping rigid bodies. The generated tsunamis had smaller wave heights and wider waveforms during their propagation, and their waveforms and flow velocities resembled those of theoretical solitary waves after a certain distance. Second, after the formation of the landslide tsunami, a tsunami based on the solitary wave approximation theory was generated in a numerical wave tank (NWT) with a computational domain that considered the stability/steady phase. The comparison of two numerical analysis results over a certain distance indicated that the waveform and flow velocity were approximately equal, and the maximum wave pressures acting on the upright wall also exhibited similar distributions. Therefore, an effective numerical model such as LS-DYNA was necessary to analyze the formation and initial deformations of the landslide tsunami, while an NWT with the wave generation method based on the solitary wave approximation theory was sufficient above a certain distance.

GNSS를 활용한 한반도 동남권 지역의 지각 변동 파라미터 분석 (Analysis of Plate Motion Parameters in Southeastern South Korea using GNSS)

  • 이승준;윤홍식
    • 한국측량학회지
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    • 제38권6호
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    • pp.697-705
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    • 2020
  • 본 논문은 GNSS 자료를 이용하여 한반도 동남권 지역의 지각 변동 파라미터에 관한 내용이다. 한반도 동남권 지역에 5.0이상의 지진이 발생하였으며, 여러 가지 방법으로 지진의 위험성에 대하여 평가할 필요성이 있다. 포항과 경주의 장기적인 지각 운동 패턴을 밝히기 위해 탄성 이론을 이용하여 지각변동 파라미터를 도출하였다. CORS의 7년간의 GNSS 데이터를 Gamit/Globk S/W를 사용하여 정밀한 좌표를 취득하였다. 한반도 전체의 속도 벡터는 평균 31mm/yr로 나왔으며 방위각은 일반적으로 110°의 경향을 나타내었다. 연구의 주요 내용은 7년간 한반도 동남권 지역의 주응력의 방향은 몇가지 예외를 제외하면 전체적으로 ENE-WSW으로 나왔다. 최대 전단 변형률의 크기는 평균적으로 (0.11±0.07) μ/yr으로 일본 중부 지역의 약1/3이다. 이번 연구 결과를 고려하면 한반도 남부의 평균 최대전단응력은 타당한 것으로 간주된다. 주응력의 평균 방위각은 약 (85.4°±26.8°)이다. 양산단층을 기준으로 평균 방위각이 좌우 (73.2°±21.5°) 와 (105.2°± 17.0°)로 차이가 난다. 한반도 동남부 지역의 지진 발생 지역이 전단응력이 크게 나온 것은 주목할만 하다. 결론적으로 본 연구는 한반도 동남부 지각 변동 파라미터 특성을 반영하여 지진 재해 관리 연구에 기여할 수 있음을 알 수 있다.

Discontinuity in GNSS Coordinate Time Series due to Equipment Replacement

  • Sohn, Dong-Hyo;Choi, Byung-Kyu;Kim, Hyunho;Yoon, Hasu;Park, Sul Gee;Park, Sang-Hyun
    • Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.287-295
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    • 2022
  • The GNSS coordinate time series is used as important data for geophysical analysis such as terrestrial reference frame establishment, crustal deformation, Earth orientation parameter estimation, etc. However, various factors may cause discontinuity in the coordinate time series, which may lead to errors in the interpretation. In this paper, we describe the discontinuity in the coordinate time series due to the equipment replacement for domestic GNSS stations and discuss the change in movement magnitude and velocity vector difference in each direction before and after discontinuity correction. To do this, we used three years (2017-2019) of data from 40 GNSS stations. The average magnitude of the velocity vector in the north-south, east-west, and vertical directions before correction is -12.9±1.5, 28.0±1.9, and 4.2±7.6 mm/yr, respectively. After correction, the average moving speed in each direction was -13.0±1.0, 28.2±0.8, and 0.7±2.1 mm/yr, respectively. The average magnitudes of the horizontal GNSS velocity vectors before and after discontinuous correction was similar, but the deviation in movement size of stations decreased after correction. After equipment replacement, the change in the vertical movement occurred more than the horizontal movement variation. Moreover, the change in the magnitude of movement in each direction may also cause a change in the velocity vector, which may lead to errors in geophysical analysis.