• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.135-154
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• 2014

This study examined the causal relationships between parenting stress and self-efficacy of Korean mothers with an infant according to employment status using the second through fourth wave data of the Panel Study of Korean Children (PSKC). Autoregressive cross-lagged modeling was performed to test the longitudinal reciprocal relationships between the two constructs. Our results indicated that both maternal parenting stress and self-efficacy were consistent over time. The results also indicated that there was a significant cross-lagged effect of maternal parenting stress on their self-efficacy, rather than vice versa. No differences between working and non-working mothers were found in the relationship between the two constructs.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.26
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• pp.249-272
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• 2012

Diaspora studies has become one of the fastest growing field in the humanities over the past several decades, and the use of term diaspora has been widening to include almost any population on the move. Diaspora literature not only mirrors but actively incorporates this new notion of diaspora with characters "at the threshold" navigating new territories and identities. Querying how diaspora studies intersects with theatre and performance, this paper attempts to probe how recent Korean American drama parallels and promotes diaspora studies' radical departure from traditional notions of identities and territories. For this purpose, this essay 1) examines theoretical affinities between diaspora studies and performance studies 2) investigates how Sung Rno's plays, Cleveland Raining and wAve, explore and embody multiple and evolving meanings of Korean diaspora on the stage 3) examines how theatre can create the third space that transcends both Korean and American nationalism and 4) speculates possibilities of reframing Asian American Studies as Asian diaspora studies. Korean American characters in Rno's play redirect diasporic identities, as their concern gradually moves from "where I come from" to "where I go to." Instead of remaining in the dark as a mere spectator, both Rno and his characters choose to be 'on' the stage where they can imagine, perform, and realize (however temporarily) "unimaginable community" by confronting their own social, political, and cultural ambivalence. Stage, the threshold between reality and fiction, Korea and America, and past and future, becomes their true 'home' where they incubate and precipitate "nation in transformation" that Yan Haiping argues for as "another transnational."

• Journal of Child Welfare and Development
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.109-135
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to analyze the longitudinal causal relationship between caregiver relations and peer relations of children in out-of-home care. We analyzed the three years(2011-2013) of longitudinal data from the Panel Study on Korean Children in Out-of-Home Care. The autoregressive cross-lagged model (ARCL) was used to measure the longitudinal causal relationship between caregiver relations and peer relations. As a result, first, caregiver relations and peer relations showed stability over time. In other words, the results of the measurement at three time points showed that the caregiver relations and peer relations at the previous time had a significant effect on the caregiver relations and peer relations at the later time point. Second, the previous caregiver relations had a significant effect on the subsequent peer relations over time. Third, the previous peer relations had a significant effect on the subsequent caregiver relations over time. This study confirmed the interrelationships of caregiver relations and peer relations of children in care by examining the longitudinal data using the longitudinal analysis method.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.3775-3788
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• 2014

With the increasing number of the wireless and mobile networks, the way that people use the Internet has changed substantively. Wireless multimedia services, such as wireless video streaming, mobile video game, and mobile voice over IP, will become the main applications of the future wireless Internet. To accommodate the growing volume of wireless data traffic and multimedia services, cognitive radio (CR) and Information-Centric Network (ICN) have been proposed to maximize the utilization of wireless spectrum and improve the network performance. Although CR and ICN have high potential significance for the future wireless Internet, few studies have been conducted on collaborative operations of CR and ICN. Due to the lack of infrastructure support in multi-hop ad hoc CR networks, the problem is more challenging for video streaming services. In this paper, we propose a Cross-layer Video Streaming Mechanism (CLISM) for Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Information Centric Networks (CRAH-ICNs). The CLISM included two distributed schemes which are designed for the forwarding nodes and receiving nodes in CRAH-ICNs. With the cross-layer approach, the CLISM is able to self-adapt the variation of the link conditions without the central network controller. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed CLISM efficiently adjust video transmission policy under various network conditions.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.19
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• pp.149-179
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• 2010

This article is concerned about the symbolic meaning of the transvestism Renaissance perspective through analysis of Triumph Over Persecution work and The Merchant of Venice, and Jealous Ioan Tornese. The transvestism is frequently present in the comedies of the golden age. A woman author Maria de Zayas has a special interest in female identity with critical and defying view. Also the subject of the transvestism in Spanish literature originated in Italian tradition. In Italian literature, there were two types of disguised women, who urge for love and warrior-heroine(amazon). Both types are also listed in Spanish literature. The dress-crossing heroine of Triumph Over Persecution displays a type of heroine, who corrects a male prejudice and reset a harmonious order. Shakespeare is also one of the Renaissance writers under the influence of the Italian Renaissance novel. Heroine of Merchant of Venice symbolizes a triumphant challenge against the blocks of the patriarchal system. In spite of the social system blocks, cross-dressing women may receive in the patriarchal scenes without problems. Based on the notion of paradox and irony, the Italian novel reflects popular psychology of the time when the link between the internal identity and social outside puts into question. The cross-dressing Torneses' wife, symbolizes the mockery or renaissance deception. Their deception emphasis on an ironic way in the point view of inhuman man who consider women material belongs to the man without any free-will. The costume of the characters make it possible to change their original identity into the other. From this point of view, we can say that the transvestism in these works could be interpreted in two ways: first, the destruction of the traditional categories of women's identity and second, the burlesque contempt on the patriarchal renaissance society.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.280-287
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• 2000

Laboratory measurements were made of wall pressure fluctuations in a separated and reattaching flow over a backward-facing step. An array of 32 microphones along the streamwise direction was utilized. Various statistical properties of pressure fluctuations were scrutinized. The main emphasis was placed on the flow inhomogeneity along the streamwise direction. One point statistics such as the streamwise distribution of rms pressure and autospectra were shown to be generally consistent with other studies. The coherences and wavenumber spectra in the streamwise directions were indicative of the presence of dual modes in pressure; one is the large-scale vortical structure in low frequency and the other is the boundary-layer-like decaying mode in high frequency.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.34
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• pp.237-257
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• 2014

Paragraph of the early 20th century, China has begun to blow hot air creative realism. Chinese intellectuals at the time of national crisis, China is facing a national transformed into a modern nation must be performed in order to challenge literary realism to recognize the most suitable literary thoughts. But realism is screwed literary thoughts introduced from the West. Shen Yan Bing in 1922 revolves around a discussion of realism and naturalism in France started to spread all over Europe for historical realism and creative learning originates from the well came from the intended operating suggesting. In addition, writers of Wenxueyanjiuhui is influenced by the Russian realism directly. In this paper, the realism of the French and Russian for the study and development of Chinese accept.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.23
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• pp.57-79
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• 2011

This article has analyzed the limite of integration and discrimination of Paraguayan inmigrants in Argentina. The most numerous collectivity is the Paraguayan inmigrants, with about 325,046 members that reside mainly in the Gran Buenos Aires in 2001. Paraguayan inmigrantes and their families usually undergo abuses by security forces and the over exploitation and the illegal work to a large extent work informally and for low wages. They also point out numerous problems of discrimination with respect to access to the services of public of health, education and housing. For the reason, Argentine government has established the program of Patria Grande in April 17, 2006. This program is that issue a permanent residence and DNI for Latin American immigrants from bordering countries. But the Argentine government does not maintain the program Patria Grande. Paraguayan inmigrants are still situated in the increase of the ilegal work and social insecurity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2009

Structural studies have been performed on precipitation hardening found in $Ni_{3}Al$ based ordered alloys using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Tilt experiments by the weak-beam method were made to obtain some information concerning the cross slip mechanism of the superlattice dislocation. The strength of ${\gamma}'-Ni_3$(Al,Ti) increases over the temperature range of experiment by the precipitation of fine $\gamma$ particles. The peak temperature where a maximum strength was obtained shifted to higher temperature. Over the whole temperature range, the interaction between dislocation and $\gamma$ precipitates is attractive. On the temperature range of 773 K to 973 K, the dislocations in ${\gamma}'$ matrix move on (111) primary slip plane. When the applied stress is removed, the dislocations make cross slip into (010) plane, while those in $\gamma$ precipitates remain on the (111) primary slip plane. The increase of high temperature strength in ${\gamma}'-Ni_3$(Al,Ti) containing $\gamma$ precipitates is due to the restraint of cross slip of dislocations from (111) to (010) by the dispersion of disordered $\gamma$ particles.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.45.3-46
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• 2018

Oscillations in a sunspot are easily detected through the Doppler velocity observation. Although the sunspot oscillations look erratic, the wavelet analysis show that they consist of successive wave packets which have strong power near three or five minutes. Previous studies found that 3-min oscillation at the chromosphere is a visual pattern of upward propagating acoustic waves along the magnetic field lines. Resent multi-height observations help this like vertical study, however, we also focus on horizontal facet to extend three dimensional understand of sunspot waves. So, we investigate a fragmented sunspot expected to have complex wave profiles according to the positions in the sunspot observed by the Fast Imaging Solar Spectrograph. We choose 4 points at different umbral cores as sampling positions to determine coherence of oscillations. The sets of cross-correlation with three and five minutes bandpass filters during a single wave packet reveal interesting results. Na I line show weak correlations with some lags, but Fe I and Ni I have strong correlations with no phase difference over the sunspots. It is more remarkable at Ni I line with 3-min bandpass that all sets of cross-correlation look like the autocorrelation. We can interpret this as sunspot oscillations occur spontaneously over a sunspot at photosphere but not at chromosphere. It implies a larger or deeper origin of 3-min sunspot oscillation.