• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.35
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• pp.215-235
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper look at the basis of the cultural differences of Korean and Japan by comparing the craftsmanship. Korean craftsmanship and master craftsman making traditional handcrafts and artwork would die out at a critical moment. The craftsmanship and system could not be established because of discrimination in the traditional four classes of society( scholars, farmers, artisans and tradesmen), invasions of other countries and discontinuity of tradition from modernization. On the contrast, in Japan, it was possible to establish traditional handcrafts and artworks, technique and craftsmanship with apprentice system and various social privilege and treatment even in the same traditional four classes of society ( scholars, farmers, artisans and tradesmen). It was common to pass down the family business for a hundreds of years with self respect between Japanese master craftsmen and lots of people succeed the family business will now. Japanese craftsmanship is originated from 'worship to god' Medieval Japanese believed that the thing changes human mind, artistic talent, masterpieces and faith were connected to sacred power. Therefore, master craftsmen and their works were also made by the power of god. In this context, craftsmen were protected and treated in socially and nationally. It is that the social treatments and supports in national level and their own pride and continuous training of techniques and abilities as the main driving force to maintain the craftsmanship in Japan. Korea has the sale level of competitive tradition and technique in comparison any other countries. Japanese craftsmanship study will be a critical data in the protection and maintenance of Korean traditional and technique.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.36
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• pp.61-95
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• 2014

At the turn of the century in which European colonialism was reaching its zenith and modernization was gathering speed, public museums were institutionalized. This paper looks into the part these European modern museums played in territorializing academic disciplines like anthropology and art history. The museums to deal with are the British Museum and the National Gallery in London, Mus?e du Louvre in Paris, and Museumsinsel in Berlin. Rather than in-depth detailed analysis of each museum, the aim is to explore the ways in which these museological institutions interacting with modern disciplines in the wider colonial context objectified other cultures and formulated a framework of the world through classification and comparison of material things, on the basis of the judgement of their artistic values. This exploration is also to rethink theoretical positions and perspectives on the museum in Korea. It is remarkable in Europe that such academic fields as history, art history, anthropology and cultural studies look for new possibilities of museology in conjunction with the recent proliferation of studies on the museum as a medium to construct and deconstruct knowledge. Meanwhile, the mammoth European museums which are often considered a stronghold of museology advocate the 'universal museum' themselves, quite the modern idea but in a revised rendering. Under these circumstances, this paper seeks to shed light on the definition of the museum as an arena in which scholarly discourses about art, culture and history can be created and contested, on the effectiveness of the museum as a communication medium in a postcolonial era, and on the need to pay trans-disciplinary attention to the museum in its broadest sense.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.371-381
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the mediating effects of self-esteem between social comparison orientation and social network service (SNS) addiction in university students. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed. The data were statistically analyzed by using the descriptive and inferential statistics. Sobel test and Bootstrap method, and Kappa squared mediation effect size measure were used to identify the mediator's significance. A convenience sample of 195 subjects was recruited from two universities in Korea. Results: The mean age of the subjects was $22.58{\pm}1.81$. The subjects showed relatively high levels of SNS addiction with a mean score of $14.33{\pm}4.80$. The overall model significantly explained 37.0% of variances in the subjects' SNS addiction after controlling gender, age, grade, major, period of SNS using, time spent on SNS per day, and times accessed SNS per day. Of the predictors, time spent on SNS per day, social comparison orientation, and self-esteem were significantly associated with SNS addiction. Self-esteem was the mediator between social comparison orientation and SNS addiction. Conclusion: When developing strategies for preventing SNS addiction, interventions for reducing time spent on SNS per day, not having upward social comparison orientation, and improving the self-esteem should be considered. These findings might provide a theoretical basis for developing effective strategies for preventing SNS addiction in university students.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 1998.08a
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• pp.91-94
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• 1998

Preparing food is a universal activity of families and households around the world. The kitchen is the site of these activities and is often considered the center of the home. This symposium examines housing and kitchens in Eastern and Western countries through an exploration of cultural history and lifestyles throughout the centuries. Korea and the United States were selected as the original countries for comparison and study. China and Japan were included to provide a more comprehensive Oriental perspective, while England and Italy were included to expand on the European heritage prevalent in the history of the United States.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to examine differences in body image and attitudes and behaviors regarding cosmetic surgery between Korean and Americans. Forty females in the U.S and 40 in Korea participated in the study by being interviewed. As a result, while Koreans had positive attitudes toward cosmetic surgery, Americans had negative attitudes. Higher incidences of cosmetic surgery were found among Koreans than among Americans. Koreans with lower body image tended to have ore tolerance toward cometic surgery. These results suggest that cosmetic surgery might be one of many ways to improve their self-esteem, Korean women with lower body image showed higher attitudes or behaviors toward cosmetic surgery than Americans.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 2008

이 연구는 한국계 이민자 가정과 백인가정 사이의 부모의 행동적 심리적 통제와 아동의 정서적 행복감에 관한 차이를 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 미국 시애틀 지역의 8에서 9세 사이의 자녀를 둔 31한국계 가정과 31백인 가정이 연구에 참여하였다. 각 각의 부모들과 자녀들에게 질문지를 실시하여 그 결과를 비교하였다. Acceptance/rejection and control 질문지 결과는 한국계 이민자 가정의 아버지들이 백인 아버지들보다 자녀들에게 전반적으로 더 많은 통제와 공격적 양육태도를 보여주었다. Child Regulation Index결과, 한국계 어머니들도 자녀들에게 더 많은 행동조절 지시를 하는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 반해 아동들의 심리내적인 정서를 알아보기 위해 실시한 Reynolds child depression scale에서 한국계 이민자 가정 아동들이 백인 부모의 자녀들보다 자기 자신에 대해 덜 행복하게 느끼고 있음을 보고하였다. 특히 전체적으로 어머니들의 통제가 아동의 심리내적 정서와 관계가 있음이 확인되었고, 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 부모의 심리적 행동적 통제와 아동의 정서적 행복감에 대해 논의하였다.

• 중국학논총
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• no.70
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• pp.87-108
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• 2021

This paper makes a comparative analysis of and (Third Edition) textbook. In the introduction part, it puts forward the purpose, significance and research object of the text, combs the general situation of the research on the arrangement of business Chinese textbook, discusses the concept and characteristics of business Chinese, and then makes a detailed comparative analysis of and Two Business Textbooks for Korean and Chinese. Firstly, the paper compares the compiling principles, compiling purposes and applicable objects. Then, it compares the text content, vocabulary selection, grammar teaching, culture and other aspects. Business Chinese has more international teaching ideas and diversified teaching methods in textbook editing, while the former is more targeted in different countries, reflecting more contents of cultural comparison between China and Korea in textbook content. we hope to find a reasonable plan for the compilation of Korean business Chinese textbooks.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.225-243
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• 2008

본 연구는 아동의 학습 과제 수행 이후에 보이는 부모와 아동의 정서적 반응이 문화에 따라 어떠한 차이를 나타내는지 알아보기 위해 한국계 이민자 가정과 백인가정을 대상으로 실시하였다. 미국 서북부 시애틀 지역의 8에서 9세 사이의 자녀를 둔 31 한국계 가정과 31백인 가정이 연구에 참여하였다. 연구를 위해 각 가정을 방문하였고 각 가정의 부모와 아동의 정서 반응을 비디오로 촬영하여 비교 분석하였다. 컴퓨터를 이용한 초 단위 행동 분석 결과 아동이 과제에 실패했을 때 한국계 어머니들과 아동들의 긴장과 불안 행동이 미국 백인 어머니들과 아동들보다 더 많이 나타났다. 아동의 과제 실패시, 어머니들의 부정적인 정서표현도 한국계 이민자 가정에서 더 많이 표출되었다. 아동들이 과제에 성공했을 때는 미국 백인 어머니들과 아동들이 좀 더 긍정적인 정서 반응을 많이 하였고 특히 백인 어머니들이 적극적 칭찬 등의 긍정적인 피드백을 주었다. 흥미 있게 아동들의 과제 성공 후에도 한국계 이민자 가정의 어머니들이 부정적인 정서 표출이 더 많았다. 자녀의 성에 따른 상호작용의 차이를 알아본 결과, 한국계 이민자 가정에서는 성차가 나타나지 않았고 미국 백인 가정의 부모들이 남자아이들에게 더 긍정적인 정서 표현을 보였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.567-576
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• 2014

Bulgogi (Korean-traditional barbequed beef) is one of the most globally well-known Korean foods. Though various attempts have been made to promote bulgogi, studies are limited understanding mostly to US consumers or foreigners who reside in Korea. China, the world's most populous country, has the biggest market potential in the world. The purpose of this study was to understand reasons of liking or disliking bulgogi products in Chinese consumers who reside in China in comparison to Korean consumers. The bulgogi used in this study differed in its main marinating ingredients. Check-all-thatapply (CATA) questionnaire was used to collect the reasons why one liked or disliked the given bulgogi product. CATA result showed that even for the same product, Korean and Chinese consumers liked or disliked it for different reasons. In particular, unlike Koreans, Chinese consumers reported sweet taste and garlic flavor as reasons for disliking the samples with high amounts of sugar and garlic, respectively. This seemed to be the result of differences in familiarity of consumers to certain tastes and flavors. The results imply the influence of culture in consumer preferences.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.867-883
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• 2010

Recognizing the importance of motivation, goal orientation, and attitudes toward schools is an important component for educators to consider as they establish positive learning communities for gifted learners. The purpose of this study was to describe attitudes toward school and self relationship to schoolwork for students who are enrolled in the 5th, 6th, and 7th grade, identified as gifted, accelerated in at least one subject (mathematics), and living in Korea or the United States. Comparisons were conducted for country of origin and gender for all subscales on the School Attitude Assessment Survey-Revised (McCoach & Siegle, 2004). Of the 507 participants (278 Korean and 229 American), girls scored higher on the motivation/self-regulation scale than boys and American students scored higher than Korean students on attitudes toward school, academic self perceptions, goal orientation, and motivation. There were no differences by country or gender on attitudes toward teachers.