• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.53-60
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• 2021

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is especially important for developing countries. This study investigates the determinants of FDI in the case of Indonesia. Most empirical researches in this field used time series data of a single country or panel data of several countries. Although panel data analysis is more comprehensive, however results taken from cross-country analysis cannot be directly applied to any specific country in the dataset and therefore lacks practicality. In this research, panel data analysis of a single country is performed to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings. Five determinants of FDI are tested using panel data of 33 Indonesian provinces over 10-year period of time. Two methodologies are adopted, random/fixed effects model and Granger Causality. The results show that only market size significantly affects FDI when tested using both methodologies. Human capital and financial market development show significant result in one of the two methodologies. While, economic growth and infrastructure did not show any significant results at all. This research stresses the importance of comprehensive single country analysis since only one out of five commonly discussed determinants is applicable in the case of Indonesia. Governments should therefore carefully reconsider the use of cross-country analysis as a basis of their policy formulations.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.69-94
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• 2017

This paper re-examines the impacts an institutional arrangement may have on labour market outcomes such as the employment and unemployment rates. Based on the results from a generalized econometric model, the generosity of unemployment insurance benefits, organized labour and active labour market policy have effects on a labour market in line with previous findings. However, taxes on labour and the degree of employment protection are found to affect neither the employment rate nor the unemployment rate. Thus, some findings in this paper validate earlier findings, whereas others do not.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.2732-2742
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• 2014

For the past decades, role of foreign direct investment has increased. Specially, East Asia and BRICs has experienced rapidly economic growth by FDI. Nevertheless, most of developing countries suffer from poverty. This paper empirically explores the impacts of FDI on economic output using a cross-country analysis based on data from 88 developing countries for the years 1990-2011. To this end, FDI is explicitly included in production function as production factor. Cross-country regression of income level is estimated with the country's human development, population growth, physical accumulation, and FDI as explanatory variables. Main finding of this paper is that FDI has a positive and significant impact on economic growth.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.259-268
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• 2011

This study aimed to examine the kinematic characteristics of the national elite cross-country skiers' double poling technique and to provide the quantitative data for better performance. Four male elite cross-country roller skiers skied maximum velocity with Double Pole technique. The cycle characteristics with angles of elbow, hip, and knee joint were analyzed. The results showed that CM velocity of the body was increased with the third cycle, the cycle time and length were also increased. The poling time and recovery time rate showed with 32.79%, 67.44% respectively. The joint angles with elbow, hip and knee were $106^{\circ}$, $133.14^{\circ}$ $156.87^{\circ}$ at pole in event, $158.94^{\circ}$, $65.7^{\circ}$, $140.19^{\circ}$ at pole out event. Elite skiers should decrease double poling time rate and increase recovery time rate in order to improve the double poling performance. The cycle length and velocity of the double poling should be increased for the better performance. The elbow angle should be minimized at pole in event with maximum extension until pole out event. The hip and knee angles should be increased for the recovery phase.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to confirm that the cross-country ski sprint course in PyeongChang, where the 2018 Winter Olympics course was to utilize wearable devices equipped with inertial measurement unit (IMU), global positioning system (GPS) and heart rates sensor. Method: For the data collection, two national level cross-country (XC) skiers performed classic technique on the entire sprint course. We analyzed cycle characteristics, range of motion on double poling (DP) technique, average velocity, and displacement of 3 points according to the terrain. Results: The absolute cycle time gradually decreased during starting, middle and finish sections. While the length of the DP increased and the heart rates tended to increase for men skier. In addition, the results indicated that range of motion of knee joint during starting and finish section decreased more than middle section. The errors of latitude and longitude data collected through GPS were within 3 m from 3 points. Conclusion: Through the first case study in Korea, which analyzed the location and condition of XC skiers in the entire sprint course in real time, confirmed that feedback was available in the field using various wearable sensors.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.283-304
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• 2004

Evaluating the sources of economic output is obviously important, and numerous attempts have been made to judge the impact of many different factors on economic output. It is widely accepted that high-technology(HT) is one of the important factors in economic output. This paper empirically explores the impacts of HT exports on economic output using a cross-county analysis based on data from 89 countries for the year 1988-2000. To this end, several versions of the neoclassical growth models, explicitly including HT exports, are estimated. Subject to the appropriate caveats, the results provide further support for several key conclusions of the former studies - investment in physical capital, population growth, and the human capital are important in accounting fer economic output across countries. More importantly, it is concluded that HT exports significantly contribute to economic output. Interestingly, the conclusion is valid f3r developing countries, but not far developed countries.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.95-104
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• 2012

The purpose of this study targeted to national cross-country skiers representatives was to implement hypothetical experiment on their patterns of the movements and analysis on kinematic variables occurred while double polling was conducted between starting and finishing phase of 56 meters. Furthermore, it aimed to provide a set of quantitative data to illustrate how to improve one's skill and performance of sprint. In our experiments, we conducted 3-dimension analysis of cycle characteristics, joint angle(hip, knee and elbow), and pole angle. The results showed that at the starting phase, the players did not show a significant difference in attributes of time and distance. In heat 1 where elbow angle and polling starts, the pole angle was noticeably high in heat 1. At the finishing phase, there was a considerable distinction with a high frequency in performing a short polling time and high speed in heat 3. The players showed large extension between the flexion and of the hip angle which indicates high contribution given from the movement of lower body(hip, knee).

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.56-75
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• 2022

Purpose - This study examines the influencing factors of China's cross-border e-commerce exports in the context of the current situation and trends of China's cross-border e-commerce development. Through an improved trade gravity model, it provides more in-depth research and constructive opinions on the development of cross-border e-commerce in China. In this paper, factors such as consumption gap, volume of trade frictions, number of tourists, Internet usage and trade openness are added to the formula of the traditional trade gravity model in the improved trade gravity model to examine the influencing factors on China's cross-border e-commerce exports. Design/methodology - According to the empirical analysis, China's cross-border e-commerce exports to ten countries are used as dependent variables, and consumption gap, trade friction volume, trade distance, trade openness and number of Internet users are taken as independent variables. Regression analysis is conducted through a modified gravity model to test whether the hypotheses hold. Findings - The analysis shows that the hypothesis that China's cross-border e-commerce exports are influenced by trade openness, trade distance, consumption gap between trade parties, and the number of Internet users in the importing country is supported by these four hypotheses, but not all independent variables have an impact on them. Specifically, the number of travelers, trade frictions do not have an impact on China's cross-border e-commerce. That is to say, trade friction between China and the United States and political issues such as China-India and China-Japan territorial disputes that emerged before do not affect the development of cross-border e-commerce in China. Originality/value - The analysis shows that the factors influencing China's cross-border e-commerce exports are the trade openness of the importing country, the trade distance, the number of Internet users in the importing country, and the consumption gap between the two sides of the trade. The trade openness and the number of Internet users positively contribute to China's cross-border e-commerce, while the consumption gap and trade distance are negatively related to them. And the analysis found that the Sino-US trade war and the Sino-Indian territorial disputes and other trade frictions to China's cross-border e-commerce exports did not have a substantial impact.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.6 no.10
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• pp.53-61
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• 2006

Culture, consumers' value and attitude play an important role for global marketing strategy on cross-cultural perspectives. The aim of this research was to investigate how consumer ethnocentrism and cultural affinity affect psychic distance, country image and competitive brand choice. data were collected through personal interview. A total of 234 responses are put to final analysis. The results are as follows: First, cultural affinity play an important role for psychic distance and country image. Second, consumer ethnocentrism has directly affected country image and psychic distance. Finally, country image has affected competitive brand choice, but psychic distance doesn't have affected.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.58-68
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• 2013

Citing literature is a very important activity for scholars in writing articles. Many publishers and libraries build citation databases and provide citation reports on scholarly journals. Cited-by linking is a service representing what an article cites and how many times it cites a specific article within a journal database. Recently, information services based on DOIs (Digital Object Identifiers) have been increasing in number. CrossRef, a non-profit organization for the DOI registration agency, maintains the DOI system and provides the cited-by linking service. Recently, the number of Korean journals adopting DOI is also rapidly increasing. The Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI) supports Korean learned societies in DOI related activities in collaboration with CrossRef. This study analyzes cited patterns of Korean DOI journal articles using CrossRef's cited-by linking data and a Korean journal citation database. This analysis has been performed in terms of publication country and the language of journals citing Korean journal articles. The results show that DOI, SCI(E) (Science Citation Index (Expanded)), and English journals are more likely to be cited internationally.