• Informatization Policy
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.89-108
• /
• 2023

Science, technology and innovation (STI) has expanded the activity of actors from the traditional physical territory to the cyberspace. Data-driven platform services and markets advance new discussions on cross-border cooperation and cyber security, as well as discourse on sovereignty in cyberspace. These changes are also affecting the hegemony competition between the US and China. In particular, competition for aid to developing countries that are located along major resource transportation routes, such as natural gas and deep sea resources, is fierce. ASEAN is not only a geopolitical military and security point where the US and China powers collide, but its population of 600 million has great potential for the development of the digital economy due to its data resources. In this regard, this article aims to connect the discourse of liberalism and authoritarianism with data regulation and cybersecurity in international development cooperation, and derive implications for ASEAN integration through this. This study has significance as a convergence study that links international political issues related to big data in terms of global governance.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.11 no.11
• /
• pp.89-99
• /
• 2013

Purpose - The purpose of this research was to examine the regulation and distribution channel of second-hand goods in cross-border trade in order to propose methods of protecting consumers through the international standardization of the intensifying second-hand trade and resource recycling. Research design, data, methodology - This study first defines several concepts relevant to research in international second-hand goods. Second, a questionnaire and interviews were conducted with manufacturers of second-hand toner cartridges and automobile parts to identify the current status of export and manufacturing. Results - The study proposes the international standardization of second-hand goods and waste to protect consumers and promote efficient resource recycling. Conclusions - The results of the study reveal that second-hand goods (except automobiles) do not have an HSK code to use for import/export data collection. Though used car exports are declining, used cars are increasing. Collecting data on used car parts is impossible because the buyers purchase and ship the second-hand parts.

• Informatization Policy
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.3-18
• /
• 2020

In the growing digitalized world, the European Union implemented the General Data Protection Regulation(GDPR) to establish a comprehensive data protection framework across member states. Given the constitutional roots of GDPR, the EU's regulatory approach is different than other data protection regimes. The new regulation has strengthened individual rights to data protection, but it also introduced several obligations for businesses that collect and process personal data. We review the existing literature on privacy, particularly GDPR, from a policy perspective. The evidence outlines data regulation's effects on competition, innovation, marketing activities, and cross-border data flows. The discussion highlights the tradeoffs between increased regulation of data protection and its effects on the market.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.113-120
• /
• 2021

The adoption of the General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679 transformed approaches and concepts to the implementation of the personal data protection mechanism in the European Union. Within the EU, almost all countries have adapted a new protection mechanism, which requires a study of the specifics of its use. The article intends to assess the legal provisions of the current mechanism of personal data protection in the EU. The author studied the mechanism of personal data protection under the General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (GDPR) based on the concept of contextual integrity and analysis of EU legislation on personal data protection. The scientific publications for 2016-2020 were reviewed for the formation of ideas of a new personal data protection mechanism in the EU, informative and transparent analysis of legal provisions. The article notes that the personal data privacy and protection is increasing, there is an ongoing unification of the legal status of personal data protection and the formation of a digital market for dissemination, exchange, control, and supervision of data. Cross-border cooperation is part of the personal data protection mechanism. The author proved that the GDPR has changed approach to personal data protection: the emphasis is now shifting to the formation of a digital market, where the EU's role in ensuring regulation is crucial. The article identifies the emergence of a new protectionist legal system and strengthening of legal provisions regarding privacy. This legal system needs unification and harmonization in accordance with national legislation, is territorially fragmented and differentiated within the EU.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.217-230
• /
• 2012

To look at Korea trade environment, as increasing the quantity of goods transported in North-East Asia and deepening national competitive, information-oriented logistics environment is needed. That means it is automated work process and can provide value-added service. To do this, logistics business can be efficiently handled through "Electronic Means for the Clearance of Ships" and electronically data processing. Also, by increasing the risk of international terrorism, regulation regarding to logistics security has strengthened around the advanced country, such as USA and EU, etc. or international organization, such as IMO, ISO, etc.. Furthermore, because trade and logistics environment is changing and security becomes more important in logistics area, movement or status information of goods within the port or in entry in/out becomes more and more be needed in real time. In case cross-border logistics activities, international cooperation or agreement between countries is very important. However, different opinions much happened on defining the interface. If to follow one format or type using at a specific country or organization, it was occurred to difficulty in respect of interoperability as well as additional costs or time. Therefore, this paper proposes common interface model to exchange information for the efficient global SCM for using by the output of Korea R&D project, "National Logistics Standardization System Development".