• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.294-301
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• 2014

This study focuses on analysis and comparison of entropy generation in various cross-sectional ducts along with fully developed laminar flow and constant uniform wall heat flux. The obtained results were compared in ducts with circular, semicircular, and rectangular with semicircular ends, equilateral triangular, and square and symmetrical hexagonal cross-sectional areas. These results were separately studied for aspect ratio of different rectangular shapes. Characteristics of fluid were considered at average temperature between outlet and inlet ducts. Results showed that factors such as Reynolds number, cross section, hydraulic diameter, heat flux and aspect ratio were effective on entropy generation, and these effects are more evident than heat flux and occur more in high heat fluxes. Considering the performed comparisons, it seems that semicircular and circular cross section generates less entropy than other cross sections.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.2632-2637
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• 2007

Rotary performance and flow resistance induced by each element in suction nozzle of a vacuum cleaner with a double-blade rotary fan are investigated numerically and its relation with flow-induced noise and rotary performance is examined. Flow resistance and vorticity in suction nozzle are calculated and it is found that they are closely related with flow-induced noise. Gap between double blades, adoption of cross-flow fan, enlargement of flow inlet area, and optimization of blade number are tested for noise reduction. Finally, the effects of each method are verified experimentally. It is found that several combinations of the proposed methods can be adopted for noise reduction although the degree of reduction is not much.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회B
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• pp.3038-3043
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• 2008

Tumble or swirl flow is used adequately to promote mixing of air and fuel in the cylinder and to enlarge turbulent intensity in the late time of compression stroke. However, since in-cylinder flow is a kind of transient state with rapid flow variation, that is, non-steady state flow, swirl or tumble flow has not been analyzed sufficiently and not been recognized whether they are available for combustion theoretically yet. In the investigation of intake turbulent characteristics using PIV method, different flow characteristics were showed according to SCV figures. SCV installed engine had higher vorticity, turbulent strength by fluctuation and turbulent kinetic energy than a baseline engine, especially around the wall and lower part of the cylinder. Consequently, as swirl flow was added to existing tumble flow, it was found that fluctuation component increased and flow energy was conserved effectively through the experiment.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.95-112
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• 2009

하천의 흐름해석 분야에서 모형이 요구하는 입력자료 중 하천단면은 매우 중요한 요소이다. 수치모형을 이용해서 자연하천의 2차원 흐름을 모의하고자 할 때 정확한 계산치를 얻기 위해서는 실제 하천단면의 하상을 정확하게 반영하여야 한다. 그러나 하천단면의 하상을 실제 상태의 모습 그대로 반영하는 것은 거의 불가능하다. 본 연구에서는 현재 실무에서 사용하는 하천측량 자료인 HEC단면과 ArcView를 연계하여 등간격 하도단면을 생성하고 유한요소망을 구축하는 방법을 제안하였다. 연구 대상지역은 한강 본류 구간과 낙동강 본류 구간을 선정하였고 등간격 하도단면 구축결과 실측 단면자료와 잘 일치함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 본 연구에서 제안한 등간격 하도단면을 이용하면 2차원 흐름해석 및 수질해석을 위한 양질의 유한요소망을 구축하여 유한요소해석 등에 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.635-644
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• 1994

This study investigated mainly on the flow characteristics of a droplet in the cross region of twin spray. The velocities of the droplet were measured along the axial and radial direction, and the flow characteristics of the droplet were statistically analyzed. For the statistical analysis, the probability density of the turbulent components has been studied, and then the Reynolds shear stress, the skewness and the flatness factors were calculated, and compared with the Gaussian value. Two pressure swirl stomizers were used for the twin spray system and kerosene was employed as the working liquid. 2-D PDA(particle dynamic analyzer) was used for the purpose of the measurement of droplet size and velocities. As a result, it was found that (1) the droplets collision was taken place strongly in the cross region. So, a large momentum loss of droplets due to the loss of natural movement direction was occurred, and momentum loss of radial direction was greater than that of axial direction. (2) The axial direction skewness factor approached to zero like the Gaussian distribution in the cross region of twin spray. (3) In the cross region of twin spray, the fluctuation instability of droplet was increased because of the development of the turbulence characteristics due to the droplet collision.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.702-708
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• 2017

함체 내의 발열은 이동통신기기의 회선 처리 능력이 증가함에 따라 계속 증가하고 있다. 이 열을 적절히 외부로 방출해 주지 않으면 중계기 내의 온도가 상승하여 전자장치 오작동의 원인이 된다. 본 연구에서는 통신 함체 냉각 모듈용 알루미늄 및 플라스틱 소자의 성능에 대해 실험을 수행하고 이론 해석 결과와도 비교하였다. 알루미늄 소자는 핏치 4.5 mm의 대향류 평행 채널로 구성되고 플라스틱 소자는 핏치 2.0 mm의 직교류 및 직교 대향류 삼각 채널로 구성되었다. 한편 직교류 소자의 크기는 알루미늄 소자와 동일하고 직교대향류 소자는 알루미늄 소자보다 33% 크다. 실험 결과 플라스틱 직교 대향류 소자의 전열량이 가장 크고 알루미늄 대향류 소자의 전열량이 가장 작게 나타났다. 또한 알루미늄 대향류 소자를 base 소자로 할 때 플라스틱 직교대향류 소자의 온도교환효율은 base 소자보다 평균 56% 크고 플라스틱 직교류 소자의 값보다는 평균 29% 크게 나타났다. 한편 플라스틱 직교대향류 소자와 base 소자의 압력손실은 유사하게 나타났다. 열교환 효율은 플라스틱 직교대향류 소자에서 가장 크고 플라스틱 직교류 소자에서 가장 작게 나타났다. 또한 이론 모델은 소자의 성능을 다소 과대 또는 과소 예측하였다.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2012

Renewable energy has been interested because of fluctuation of oil price, depletion of fossil fuel resources and environmental impact. Amongst renewable energy resources, hydropower is most reliable and cost effective way. In this study, to develop a new type of micro hydro turbine which can be operated in the range of very low specific speed, a cross-flow hydro turbine with simple structure is proposed. The turbine is designed to be used at the very low specific speed range of hydropower resources, such as very high-head and considerably small-flow rate water resources. CFD analysis on the performance and internal flow characteristics of the turbine is conducted to obtain a practical data for the new design method of the turbine. Results show that optimized arrangement of guide vane angle and inner guide angle can give contribution to the turbine performance improvement.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.872-878
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• 2013

In industrial control systems, flow measurement is a very important issue. It is frequently needed to calculate how much total fluid or gas flows through a cross-section. Flow volume measurement tools use simple sampling or rectangle methods. Actually, flow volume measurement process is an integration process. For this reason, measurement systems using instantaneous sampling technique cause considerably high errors. In order to make more accurate flow measurement, numerical integration methods should be used. Literally, for numerical integration method, Rectangular, Trapezoidal, Simpson, Romberg and Gaussian Quadrature methods are suggested. Among these methods, trapezoidal rule method is quite easy to calculate and is notably more accurate and contains no restrictive conditions. Therefore, it is especially convenient for the portable flow volume measurement systems. In this study, the volume measurement of air which is flowing through a cross-section is achieved by using PLC ladder diagram. The measurements are done using two different approaches. Trapezoidal rule method is proposed to measure the flow sensor signal to minimize measurement errors due to the classical sampling method as a different approach. It is concluded that the trapezoidal rule method is more effective than the classical sampling.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.463-480
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• 2012

The effects of Reynolds number (Re), freestream turbulence intensity (Tu) and integral length scale (${\Lambda}$) on the drag coefficient ($C_d$) of a circular cylinder in cross flow were experimentally studied for $6.45{\times}10^3$ < Re < $1.82{\times}10^4$. With the help of orificed plates, Tu was fixed at approximately 0.5%, 5%, 7% and 9% and the normalized integral length scale (L/D) was varied from 0.35 to 1.05. Our turbulent results confirmed the general trend of decreasing $C_d$ with increasing Tu. The effectiveness of Tu in reducing $C_d$ is found to lessen with increasing ${\Lambda}$/D. Most interestingly, freestream turbulence of low Tu (${\approx}5%$) and large ${\Lambda}$/D (${\approx}1.05$) can increase the $C_d$ above the corresponding smooth flow value.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 1998년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.62-69
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• 1998

Spiral tube heat exchangers can find numerous applications in many engineering field. Flow in spital tubes is interest to engineers due to occurrence of secondary flow which enhances the cross-sectional mixing and the heat transfer rate. In the present study, an incompressible viscous 3-D flow in spiral tubes with rectangular cross-section of various torsion rate and Reynolds number is studied by using a finite volume method. It is shown that the axial velocity profile is affected by the secondary flow motion. Because there is some difference from correlation proposed by Hur et al., a lot of analysis and arrangement of experimental results are needed. This study showed the results of variation of hydrodynamic entry length for torsion and Re numbers.