• 제목/요약/키워드: crop coefficient

검색결과 460건 처리시간 0.033초

전자지도 이용 변량시비가 쌀 수량 및 품질에 미치는 영향 (Influence of Site-specific Fertilizer Application Using GPS and Digital Fertility Map on Rice Yield and Quality)

  • 지정현;이재홍;김희동;최병열;박중수;박경열;정인규
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제54권2호
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    • pp.192-197
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    • 2009
  • 지구온난화 등에 따른 세계적 환경변화에 대응하고 정부의 친환경 농업육성 정책에 부응하는 정밀농업기술 중 GPS를 이용한 이앙과 동시 변량시비가 벼 생육 및 품질에 미치는 영향을 구명한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 시험전 후 토양 질소검정량에 대한 공간변이 정도를 나타내는 Nugget값은 관행 대비 변량시비 후 낮아졌고, 공간구조 강도를 나타내는 Q값은 두 처리 모두 없어 공간의 존성이 존재하지 않았다. 2. 분얼기부터 성숙기까지 초장, 경수, 수수 등의 생육량은 관행 대비 변량시비에서 증가되었고 생육 요인별 변이계수가 낮아 상대적으로 균일한 경향을 보였다. 3. 완전미 수량은 관행 450 kg 대비 변량시비에서 492 kg으로 유의성 있게 증가 되었고 변이계수는 현저히 낮아졌다. 4. 아밀로스, 단백질 함량, 백도 등 품질은 처리간 큰 차이가 없었으나 변이계수는 변량시비에서 낮아졌다. 5. 비료살포작업에 대한 투입노동력은 관행 11.8시간/ha 대비 변량시비에서 61%(7.2시간)가 절감 되었다.

공업단지 주변에서의 아황산가스 및 불화수소가 수도 생육에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Sulfur Dioxide and Hydrogen Fluoride on Rice Plant Growth in Industrial Estate)

  • 박완철;김광호;김기준
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제36권1호
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    • pp.17-21
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    • 1991
  • 다량의 대기오염물(SO2, HF)이 배출되고 있는 공업단지 주변에서 재배되고 있는 수도의 생육에 이들 대기오염물이 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 수도의 각종 형질, 수량, 대기중의 오염물 농도, 엽내유황 및 불소함량과 엽피해율을 조사하여 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 엽내유황함량과 대기중 아황산가스 농도간에는 높은 정의 상관이 인정되었다. 2. 엽피해율 조사치는 대기오염에 의한 수량감소의 가장 중요한 지표로 이용 할 수 있다. 3. 본 조사지역에서는 아황산가스보다 불화수소의 배출량이 적지만 엽피해의 발생에는 불소의 관련성이 아황산가스보다 높았다. 4 수량형질의 수량에 대한 기여정도는 주당수수가 제일 컸으며, 주당수수는 엽내 불소함량과 깊은 관련성이 인정되었다. 5. 엽내 유황함량은 수량 및 수량형질과 상관성이 인정되지 않았다.

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Penman식의 적용에 있어서 지역별 일사량 추정을 위한 계수의 산정 (A Calculation of the Coefficients for Estimating the Regional Radiation in Using the penman Equation)

  • 고희원;황은;김시원
    • 한국농공학회지
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    • 제31권4호
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    • pp.96-110
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    • 1989
  • To suggest the fundamental data for the estimation of crop evaportranspiration by the ca- lculated coefficients for estimating the radiation suitable to the different regions of korea in application of Penman equcation, the daily data such as sc(skycover), n(actual sunshine hours), N(possible sunshine hours), Rs(horizontal solar radiation) and Ra(extraterrestial solar radiation) for 10 years (from 1977 to 1986) collected from 19 meteorological stations were analysed. The results are summarized as follows : 1. The coefficients a, b and c for estimating the radiation taken by the regression method with the daily and monthly mean data of the skycover and the ratio of Rs to Ra were shown as a=0.619, b= -0.0202, c= -0.0023 and a=0.64, b=0.0377 c=0.0001 in ave- rage respectively. 2. The coefficients a and b for estimating the radiation analysed by the regression and arithmetic method from the daily ratio of sunshine hours and Rs to Ra were shown as a= 0.157, b= 0.529, and a=0.119, b= 0.726 in average, respectively. 3. The coefficients a and b for estimating the radiation calculated by the regression me- thod based on the monthly ratio of sunshine hours and radiation were shown as a=0. 319 and b= 0.557 in average. 4. The values of a and b for estimating the radiation taken from the relationship between the daily ratio of sunshine hours and radiation showed high significance level. 5. The standard deviation and the coefficient of variance between the radiation calculated from the coefficients by the regression and arithmetic method with the daily data and the actual radiation were analysed and compared to the results by the coefficients of the modified Penman method (a=0.18, b=0.55) and by those of the F.A.O inodified Penman method(a=0.25, b=0.5). The standard deviation and the coefficient of varia- nce by the regression method in this study showed the lowest value. 6. From the above results, it is suggested that regression method using the coefficients taken from the relationship between the ratio of sunshine hours and the ratio of radia- tion based on the daily data has the highest accuracy in estimating the radiation. 7. The average reference crop evapotranspiration estimating by the modified Penman me- thod using the coefficients a and b derived by the regression method from the daily meterological data was closer to the actual evapotsranspiration of grass measured in Suwon area than the estimated evapotranspiration by the modified Penman method and the F.A.O modified Penman method.

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$F_2$$F_5$ 상관에 의한 벼 Sink 및 Source 관련형질의 유전력 추정 (Heritability Estimates of Sink and Source Characters by $F_2$ and $F_5$ Correlation in Rice)

  • 하운구;김호영;최해춘;임상종;서학수;임무상
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.151-156
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    • 2002
  • 초다수성 품종 개발의 기초자료로 활용하고자 새로이 도입된 신초형 소얼 수중형 유전자원을 이용하여 F$_2$-F$_{5}$상관에 의한 sink-source관련 형질의 유전력을 추정한 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 일품벼에 YR15965 Acp 33이 교배된 F2와 F5세대간 상관정도에 의해 추정된 sink 및 source관련 형질들의 유전력은 specific leaf area, sink-source ratio와 harvest index의 0.009, 0.121, 0.013을 제외한 모든 형질에서 0.224이상의 높은 유전력을 보였다. 2. IR 66738-118-1-2에 가야벼가 교배된 후대에서는 모든 sink 및 source관련 형질이 0.001-0.286의 낮은 유전력을 보였다. 3. Sink 및 source관련 형질들과 수량과는 두 조합 모두 높은 싱관정도를 보였으나 등숙률과는 IR 66738-118-1-2에 가야벼가 교배된 후대에서는 대부분의 형질이 상관이 없었다. 그러나 일품벼에 YR 15965Acp33의 교배 후대에서는 등숙율과 source형질과는 높은 정상관이, sink capacity와 sink-source ratio등 sink형질과는 유의한 부의 상관이 있었다.

시설채소의 수경재배방법별 소비수량과 생육에 관한 연구 (Studies on the Water Consumption and Growth of Vegetables Cultivated by Hydroponics in' the Green House)

  • 김시원;이경희;김유현;김선주;임창영
    • 한국농공학회지
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.31-44
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    • 1989
  • In the vinyl house cultivation, the water consumption, evapotnanspirafion ratio, growth condifion by the growing stages and yields of tomato and cucumber were investigated when they cultivated by nutriculture, rice hull charcoal culture and NFF culture. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The mean air temperature in the vinyl house during the experimental perica j was 1.9$^{\circ}$C higher than the outdoor air temperature, the rrnocirnum and minimum air temperature in the vinyl house was 4.6C and 1.7$^{\circ}$C higher than the outdoor temperature, respectively, and the mean daily evaporation in the vinyl house during the experimental period was 4.3rnm that is 02rnrn more than the outdoor evaporation 2. In the tomato cultivation, the growth of rice hull charcoal culture was the best among the three methods, and the growth of NFT culture and nutriculture were worse than the soil cultivation which is standard, and among the nutriculture, the growth of EC 1.3m.mho plot was the best. 3. In the cucumber cultivation, the growth of rice hull charcoal culture was the best, and while the growth condition of NFT culture was worse than the standard soil cultivation, the growth of nutriculture was better than the standard soil cultivation, and the growth of EC 1.3m.mho plot was the highest among the different treatments in the nutriculture. 4. In the tomato cultivation, the total water consumption of rice hull charcoal culture plot was 1107.5rnm which is the highest amount among the three methods, and in the nutriculture, the total water consumption of EC 1.3m.mho plot was 22lAmm which is the highest among the three different treatments. 5. In the cucumber cultivation, the total water consumption of rice hull charcoal culture was 11762rnm which is the highest, and the total water consumption of EC 1.3m.mho plot was 284.9rnm which is more than the 278.9mm of EC 1.Smmho plot and 262.9mm of EC 1.7rnmho plot. 6. The crop coefficient(Kc) of tomato was 0.82 in NFT culture, 4.67 in rice hull charcoar culture and 0.86~0.91 in nutriculture. 7. The crop coefficient(Kc) of cucumber was higher than tomato as 1.13 in NFT culture, 520 in rice hull charcoal culture and 1.08~1.19 in nutriculture. 8. The evapotranspiration ratio in the mid and late season were higher than the beginning and elongation stage, and the average evaportranspiration ratio of tomato and cucumber was 3.81 and 424, respectively, in the rice hull charcoal culture plot. 9. In the tomato cultivation, the total yield per plant of rice bull charcoal culture was 1443.Og which is the highest, and in the nutriculture, their yields were worse because of the damage of downy nidew disease. 10. In the cucumber cultivation, the total yield per plant of rice hull charcoal culture was 1965.7g which is the highest, and while the yield of NFT culture was ahout 25% lower than the stadard soil cultivation, the yield of nutriculture was higher than the standard soil cultivation, and among the treatments in the nutriculture, the yield of EC 1.3m.mho plot was the highest.

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벼의 저온발아성에 관한 유전분석 (Genetic Analysis of Low Temperature Germinability of Rice)

  • 강종래;고미석;김호영;임상종;김순철
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제42권6호
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    • pp.766-777
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    • 1997
  • 수도 저하발아성에 대한 유전 양상을 구명하여 저온발아성 품종 육성의 기초 자료를 얻고자 숙기가 다른 세 그룹에서 10품종을 선정 '94년에 15일 간격 4시기로 파종 및 이앙을 실시하여 수량한 종자를 '95년 4~5월에 13$^{\circ}C$ 항온 실내 시험과, 건답 직파의 포장 시험으로 저온발아성을 조사하고, 저온발아성 고 1품종, 저 1품종, 중 4품종을 선정 '94 하계에 절영법에 의한 정역이면교잡을 실시하여 얻어진 F$_1$ 교배입을 '95년 5월에 13$^{\circ}C$ 항온에서 저온발아 시험을 실시하여 얻은 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 재배 시기를 달리하여 수량된 종자의 실내 및 포장에서의 저온발아성 분산분석 결과 품종에 따라 재배시기간에 고도의 유의차가 인정되었다. 2. 실내 13$^{\circ}C$ 항온 저온발아계수와 포장의 자연상태 건답직파에서의 출아계수와의 상관분석 결과 고도의 유의한 상관(r=0.5111)이 인정되었다. 3. 조합능력 분석 결과 일반조합능력 및 특정조합능력 모두 고도의 유의성이 인정되었으며, 일반조합능력이 특정조합능력보다 커서 상가적작용이 상위성 작용보다 더 크게 나타났다. 4. 정역차이 분산분석 결과 정역간에 고도의 유의차가 인정되었다. 5. 부친열 공분산/모친열 공분산 Graph에서 6개의 교배열 모두가 모본 효과를 보였으며, Alpha와 Beta 유전 분석 결과, 저온발아성의 정역간 차이는 Alpha 유전의 효과로 나타났다. 6. 평균우성도 분석 결과, 30개 조합 중 17개 조합에서 초월분리를 보였으며, 그 중 9개 조합이 저온발아성이 낮은 쪽으로 초월분리를 보였다.

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Physical Properties of Rice Hull and Straw for the Handling Facilities

  • Oh, Jae H.;Kim, Myoung H.;Park, Seung J.
    • 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국농업기계학회 1996년도 International Conference on Agricultural Machinery Engineering Proceedings
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    • pp.283-292
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    • 1996
  • This study was performed to determine the physical properties of rice hull and straw which could be used for an optimum design and operation of the handling facilities for these rice crop by-products. The properties measured were kinetic friction coefficient , bulk density, and dynamic and static angle of repose. Rice hulls with moisture content of 13% and 21% were used throughout the test while rice straws of 10% and 16% moisture were chopped into 10mm length and used for the test. Friction coefficient was calculated from the horizontal traction forces measurement when a container holding the mass of rice hull and straw was pulled over mild steel. PVC, stainless steel, and galvanized steel surface by a universal testing machine. Bulk density was measured by an apparatus consisting of filling fundel and a receiving vessel. Dynamic angle of repose which is the angle at which the material will stand when piled was calculated from the photos of bulk samples after they were flowed by gravity and accumulated on a circular surface. Static angle of repose which is the angle between the horizontal and the sloping side of the material left in the container when discharging was also measured in the similar way. Results and conclusions from this study are summarized as follows . 1. Kinetic friction coefficient of both rice hull and straw were in the range of 0.26 -0.52 and increased with the moisture content. The magnitude of friction increased in the order of galvanized steel, stainless steel, PVC ,and mild steel. 2. Bulk densities of rice hull decreased while those of rice straw increased with moisture content increase . Average bulk densities of rice hull and straw were 96.8 and 74.7kg/㎥, respectively. 3. Average dynamic angle of repose for rice straw was 32.6$^{\circ}$ and those for 13% and 21% moisture rice hull were 38.9$^{\circ}$ and 44.9$^{\circ}$ , respectively. 4. Static angles of repose for both rice hull and straw showed increase with the moisture content. The values were 75.2\ulcorner and 80.2$^{\circ}$ for 13% and 21% moisture rice hull, respectively. Rice straws having 10% and 16% moisture content showed 87.3% and 89.2$^{\circ}$ static angle of repose, respectively.

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배암차즈기 추출물의 기능성원료 표준화를 위한 지표성분으로서 Hispidulin의 분석법 평가 (Analytical Method for the Validation of Hispidulin as a Marker Compound for the Standardization of Salvia plebeia R. Br. Extracts as a Functional Ingredient)

  • 전윤정;곽호영;최종길;이제혁;최수임
    • 한국약용작물학회지
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.271-276
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    • 2016
  • Background: In the present study, we established an HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography)-analysis method for the determination of marker compounds as a part of the material standardization for the development of health-functional foods from Salvia plebeia R. Br. extract. Methods and Results: The quantitative determination method of hispidulin as a marker compound was optimized by HPLC analysis using a YMC hydrosphere C18 column with a gradient elution system. This method was validated using specificity, linearity, accuracy, and precision tests. It showed a high linearity in the calibration curve with a coefficient of correlation ($r^2$) of 0.999995. The method was fully validated, and was sensitive, with the limit of detection (LOD) at $0.09{\mu}g{\cdot}m{\ell}^{-1}$ and limit of quantification (LOQ) at $0.27{\mu}g{\cdot}m{\ell}^{-1}$. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values of the data from intra- and inter-day precision were 0.05 - 0.22% and 0.32 - 0.42%, respectively, and the intra- and inter-day accuracy of hispidulin were 99.5 - 102.3% and 98.8 - 101.5%, respectively. The average content of hispidulin in Salvia plebeia R. Br. extract was $3.945mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ (0.39%). Conclusions: These results suggest that the developed HPLC method is very efficient, and that it could contribute to the quality control of Salvia plebeia R. Br. extracts as a functional ingredient in health functional foods.

벼 무논골뿌림재배시 파종량이 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Sowing Rates on Growth and Yield t Furrow Sowing of Rice in Paddy Field)

  • 송영주;고복래;황창주;박건호
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제40권1호
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    • pp.86-91
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    • 1995
  • 벼 생력 직파재배양식으로 최근에 개발 보급된 무논골뿌림재배의 파종 피술체계확립의 일환으로 파종량에 따른 생육 및 수량반응을 검토하고자 시험을 실시하였던바, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 파종량이 증가할수록 $m^2$당 입모수는 직선적으로 증가하였으나, 개체당 수수는 입모수 증가에 따라 완만하게 감소하는 경향이었다. 2. 유효경 비율 및 출수기 경당엽면적은 파종량이 증가함에따라 감소하였으며 출수기는 큰차이가 없었다. 3. 도복관련 형질중 간장, 수장, 좌절량, 줄기굵기 등이 파종량 증가와 함께 감소하는 경향이었고, 10a당 7kg이상에서는 포장도복이 심하게 발생되었다. 4. $m^2$당의 수수증가에 따라 수당립수와 등숙비율이 감소하였으며, 수량은 10a당 5kg을 기점으로하여 점차 감소하는 경향이었다. 5. 수량에 대한 수량구성요소의 경로계수 분석결과에 의하면 등숙비율의 직접효리가 가장컸으며, 최대수량을 얻기위한 $m^2$당 입모수는 105개 정도, 이때의 10a당 파종량은 4.5kg 수준이었다.

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이랑방향에 따른 밀 군락의 미기상과 생육 및 수량 (Microclimate, Growth and Yield in Wheat under North-South and East-West Row Orientation)

  • 윤성탁
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제49권3호
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    • pp.155-159
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    • 2004
  • This experiment was carried out to evaluate the microclimate of wheat canopy, growth and yield characteristics of wheat under north-south and east-west row orientation. The variety used in this experiment was "AG South 2000", which was developed in USA. Solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, and soil temperature were monitored by data logger from March to May in 2002, The ratio of light penetration to the bottom from the upper canopy was 36.8% in north-south and 21.4% in east-west row orientation. Temporal march of light penetration to the bottom from March to May decreased as wheat developed canopy structure and decreased a little from May as plant were matured. The highest light penetration to the bottom from upper canopy occurred at 13:00 in both north-south and east-west row orientations, respectively which were 36 times in north-south and 27 times in east-west row orientation, respectively. Daily maximum temperature at the bottom of canopy occurred at 14:00 with 29 times in north-south, while 19 times were obtained at 14:00 and 15:00, respectively in east-west row orientation. Relative humidity at the bottom of the canopy in east-west yow orientation showed higher than that of north-south row orientation. Occurrence of daily maximum soil temperature of north-south showed one hour later compared with east-west yow orientation. 1000 grain weight and test weight of north-south row orientation was higher than those of east-west vow orientation. Correlation coefficient between solar radiation of upper canopy and 1000 grain weight showed r=$0.8132^{*}$, and between air temperature of upper canopy and number of spikes per $\textrm{m}^{2}$ and 1000 grain weight showed significant positive correlation with r=$0.8139^{*}$, and r=$0.8293^{*}$, respectively.