• 전기화학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.184-189
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• 2008

Inhibitive effects of chromate, phosphate, sulfate, and borate on chloride pitting corrosion of Al have been investigated using cyclic voltammetry. During the anodic oxide growth, the critical concentration of chloride for pit initiation decreased in the order: chromate > phosphate > sulfate > borate, and the maximum pitting current density increases in the reverse order: chromate < phosphate < sulfate < borate. The decreasing pitting current density was observed in the successive polarization cycles, which was attributed to the aging of Al oxides and field relaxation at oxide/solution interface.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표대회 개요집
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• pp.216-218
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• 2003

A fracture mechanics analysis methodology for stress corrosion cracks (SCCs) existing in the Alloy 600 nozzle weld joint for control rod drive mechanisms (CRDMs) of pressurized water reactor is studied. Effects of weld residual stresses on the sub-critical crack behavior during the reactor operation are investigated by a fracture mechanics analysis, which is combined with the finite element alternating method. It is found that effects f the residual stresses on the stress intensity factor (SIF) and crack growth rate (CGR) are dominant and values of SIF and CGR of cracks in the region of weld joint are increased by a factor of three or more on an average.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2014

Feathering spindle is one of the critical parts of the rotor system in the Smart Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(SUAV) that it was manufactured with special material, Maraging C300. During the initial ground and tie-down flight tests of the SUAV, surface of the feathering spindle contacting to the needle-roller bearings showed excessive wear and dent due to high vibrating loads transferred from the rotating blades. Gas nitriding process was applied to the bearing contact surface of the feathering spindle to increase surface hardness so as to improve the surface defects. This paper briefly presents the gas nitriding process adopted and the spindle quality improvements including wear and corrosion resistance.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.54-62
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• 2009

The feedwater heaters are Critical components in a nuclear power plant. As the operation years of heaters go by, the maintenance costs required for continuous operation increase. When the carbon steel components in nuclear make contact with running fluid, the wall thinning caused by FAC (flow accelerated corrosion) can be generated. Local wall thinning is inevitable at the area around wet steam entrance to be attacked due to the long term operation. Sometimes the shell with thinned wall is eventually ruptured. To identify the relationship between the local wall thinning and fluid behavior of the feedwater heater, the practical data of a plant, which were based on ultrasonic thickness measurement tests, were analyzed and CFD(Computed Fluid Dynamics) analyses were performed.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.415-421
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• 2008

콘크리트 중의 철근부식은 콘크리트 제조시 초기부터 콘크리트 중에 존재하는 염소이온과 기상작용 등의 환경요인에 의하여 외부로부터 침투하는 염소이온이 어느 값 (임계염화물량) 이상의 경우에 발생한다. 이 때문에 각 국에서는 콘크리트 중의 염소이온량의 상한치를 규제하고 있으며, 국가별 상황에 적절하게 상이한 방법으로 규제하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 콘크리트 중 염소이온량의 합리적인 규제방법을 제안하기 위하여, 단위시멘트량이 다른 콘크리트 중의 염소이온에 의한 철근부식 임계 염화물량을 실험적으로 산출하였다. 그 결과, 철근부식 임계염화물량은 단위시멘트량의 변화에 따라 크게 변화하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 실험으로부터 얻어진 철근부식 임계염화물량은 기존의 모델계산의 결과와 잘 일치함을 알 수 있었다. 현행과 같이 철근부식 임계염화물량을 콘크리트 단위체적 당의 양 (콘크리트 총량표기)으로 단위시멘트량에 관계없이 일률적으로 관리하면, 단위시멘트량 등의 콘크리트 배합조건, 환경조건의 변화 등이 철근부식 임계염화물량에 미치는 영향을 고려할 수 없을 것으로 판단된다. 따라서, 철근부식 임계염화물량을 단위시멘트량 당의 양 (시멘트 종량표기)으로 표기하는 것으로, 단위시멘트량에 관계없이 일정한 값으로 표시할 수 있기 때문에 합리적이라고 판단된다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.611-625
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• 2020

Experimental investigation and finite element analysis of corroded cold-formed steel (CFS) columns are presented. 11 tensile coupon specimens and 6 stub columns of corroded CFS that had a channel section of C160x60x20 were subjected to monotonic tensile tests and axial compression tests, respectively. The degradation laws of the mechanical properties of the tensile coupon specimens and stub columns were analysed. An appropriate finite element model for the corroded CFS columns was proposed and the influence of local corrosion on the stability performance of the columns was studied by finite element analysis. Finally, the axial capacity of the experimental results was compared with the predictions obtained from the existing design specifications. The results indicated that with an increasing average thickness loss ratio, the ultimate strength, elastic modulus and yield strength decreased for the tensile coupon specimens. Local buckling deformation was not noticeable until the load reached about 90% of the ultimate load for the non-corroded columns, while local buckling deformation was observed when the load was only 40% of the ultimate load for the corroded columns. The maximum reduction of the ultimate load and critical buckling load was 57% and 81.7%, respectively, compared to those values for the non-corroded columns. The ultimate load of the columns with web thickness reduced by 2 mm was 53% lower than that of the non-corroded columns, which indicates that web corrosion most significantly affects the bearing capacity of the columns with localized corrosion. The results predicted using the design specifications of MOHURD were more accurate than those predicted using the design specifications of AISI.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2000

The microstructure and corrosion behavior of commercially dental casting gold alloys were investigated to clarify the effect of burn-out temperature and cooling rate. In the case of water quenching after casting, only the αphase, which is typical dendritic microstructure of golda alloy, was detected. However, the precipitates along the grain boundary were detected only at the slow cooling rate and they increased inversely proportional to the burn-out temperature. This might be due to the time difference which solute atom could diffuse. EPMA and SEM results also demonstrated that the precipitate should be lamellar structure consisted of Ag rich phase(${\alpha}_1$) and Cu rich phase (${\alpha}_2$). In terms of corrosion, the galvanic coupling was formed due to the difference of composition between precipitates and matrix at the slow cooling rate. In the case of water quenching, the critical current density($i_p$) which indicate the degree of corrosion was lowest at $650^{\circ}C$ and below the burnout temperature, $i_p$ increased with it because of the effect of grain boundary segregation. But above the temperature, $i_p$ increased with it. This may be due to the strain field effect by residual thermal stress.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제11권2호통권35호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2007

가스 냉온수기용 STS 304 배관 용접부의 부식특성을 연구하기 위하여, 0.5M $H_2SO_4+0.01M$ KSCN 수용액 중에서 전기화학적 분극시험, 금속조직시험 과 경도시험을 실시하여 STS 304배관 용접부의 양극분극거동, 인가전위에 따른 부식거동, 용접부의 금속조직 및 경도거동를 고찰하였다. 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 임계양극전류밀도는 모재보다 용접열영향부에서 많이 배류되고, 기본부동태전위는 모재보다 용접열영향부에서 더 높게 된다. 2) 부동태전류밀도는 모재보다 용접열영향부에서 더 많이 배류되고, 부동태영역은 용접열영향부보다 모재가 더 크게 된다. 3)인가전압에 의한 용접열영향부의 전류밀도는 모재의 전류밀도보다 더 많이 배류된다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.325-336
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• 2018

The physical infrastructure of the power systems, including the high-voltage transmission towers and lines as well as the poles and wires for power distribution at a lower voltage level, is critical for the resilience of the community since the failures or nonfunctioning of these structures could introduce large area power outages under the extreme weather events. In the current engineering practices, single circuit lattice steel towers linked by transmission lines are widely used to form power transmission systems. After years of service and continues interactions with natural and built environment, progressive damages accumulate at various structural details and could gradually change the structural performance. This study is to evaluate the typical existing transmission tower-line system subjected to synoptic winds (atmospheric boundary layer winds). Effects from the possible corrosion penetration on the structural members of the transmission towers and the aerodynamic damping force on the conductors are evaluated. However, corrosion in connections is not included. Meanwhile, corrosion on the structural members is assumed to be evenly distributed. Wind loads are calculated based on the codes used for synoptic winds and the wind tunnel experiments were carried out to obtain the drag coefficients for different panels of the transmission towers as well as for the transmission lines. Sensitivity analysis is carried out based upon the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) to evaluate the structural capacity of the transmission tower-line system for different corrosion and loading conditions. Meanwhile, extreme value analysis is also performed to further estimate the short-term extreme response of the transmission tower-line system.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.210-229
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• 2021

To safely operate domestic nuclear power plants approaching the end of their design life, the material degradation management strategy of the components is important. Among studies conducted to improve the soundness of nuclear reactor components, research methods for understanding the degradation of reactor internals and preparing management strategies were surveyed. Since the IGSCC (Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking) initiation and propagation process is associated with metal dissolution at the crack tip, crack initiation sensitivity was decreased in the hydrogenated water with decreased crack sensitivity but occurrence of small surface cracks increased. A stress of 50 to 55% of the yield strength of the irradiated materials was required to cause IASCC (Irradiation Assisted Stress Corrosion Cracking) failure at the end of the reactor operating life. In the threshold-stress analysis, IASCC cracks were not expected to occur until the end of life at a stress of less than 62% of the investigated yield strength, and the IASCC critical dose was determined to be 4 dpa (Displacement Per Atom). The stainless steel surface oxide was composed of an internal Cr-rich spinel oxide and an external Fe and Ni-rich oxide, regardless of the dose and applied strain level.