• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.685-692
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• 2001

Study the variation of low frequency electrical stimulation on human metabolism which serum to test the increasement of creatine- kinase, myoglobin, lactate .and pyruvate. The results were as followed: 1) Creatine kinase increasement showed significant difference between 200 Hz stimulation group and control group, and also between 300Hz stimulation group and control group, but no significant increasement difference showed in 50 Hz stimulation group compared to control group. 2) Lactate increasement showed significant difference in 200 Hz stimulation group and 300 Hz stimulation group compared to control group, but no significant difference showed in 50 Hz stimulation group. 3) Pyruvate increasement showed significant difference in 50 Hz stimulation group and 200 Hz stimulation group compared to control group, but no significant increasement difference showed between 50 Hz stimulation group and control group. (P < 0.05) 4) Myoglobin increasement showed significant difference in 50Hz stimulation group and 200 Hz stimulation group compared to control group, and also in 200 Hz stimulation group and 300 Hz stimulation group compared to 50Hz stimulation group. ( P < 0.05)

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.40-45
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• 2017

Background: Telbivudine is a nucleoside analogue used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, but it often develops mitochondrial toxicity leading to symptomatic myopathy. In this study, three patients with telbivudine induced myopathy were enrolled in order to investigate the nature and pathogenesis of mitochondrial toxicity caused by long-term use of telbivudine. Methods: Clinical features, laboratory findings, muscle pathology, and quantitation of mitochondrial DNA were studied in three patients. Results: Patients presented with progressive muscle weakness with high serum creatine kinase levels. Light microscopic findings of muscle pathology showed ragged red fibers that reacted strongly with succinate dehydrogenase stain, but negative for cytochrome c oxidase activities. Electron microscopy revealed abnormal mitochondrial accumulation with rod shaped inclusions. The quantitative peroxidase chain reaction showed a depletion of mitochondrial DNA in skeletal muscle of the patients. Conclusions: Nucleoside analogues including telbivudine are potent inhibitors of viral DNA polymerases. However, they are not specific for viral DNA and can disturb mitochondrial replication at the same time. All nucleotide analogues should be used with close clinical observation in order to avoid development of mitochondrial myopathy.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.233-239
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• 2019

Nerium oleander (N. oleander) is a well-known poisonous shrub that is frequently grown in gardens and public areas and contains numerous toxic compounds. The major toxic components are the cardiac glycosides oleandrin and neriin. The aim of our study was to evaluate the toxic effects of an ethanolic N. oleander leaf extract on haematological, cardiac, inflammatory, and serum biochemical parameters, as well as histopathological changes in the heart. N. oleander extract was orally administered for 14 and 30 consecutive days at doses of 100 and 200 mg of dried extract/kg of body weight in 0.5 mL of saline. The results showed significant increases in mean corpuscular volume, white blood cell counts, platelet counts, interleukins (IL-1 and IL-6), tumour necrosis factor alpha, C reactive protein, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase and creatine kinase MB, especially at high doses. Marked pathological changes were perceived in the heart tissue. Thus, it can be concluded that exposure to N. oleander leaf extract adversely affects the heart and liver.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2019

[Purpose] Strenuous exercise often induces skeletal muscle damage, which results in impaired performance. Sphingolipid metabolism contributes to various cellular processes, including apoptosis, stress response, and inflammation. However, the relationship between exercise-induced muscle damage and ceramide (a key component of sphingolipid metabolism), is rarely studied. The present study aimed to explore the regulatory role of sphingolipid metabolism in exercise-induced muscle damage. [Methods] Mice were subjected to strenuous exercise by treadmill running with gradual increase in intensity. The blood and gastrocnemius muscles (white and red portion) were collected immediately after and 24 h post exercise. For 3 days, imipramine was intraperitoneally injected 1 h prior to treadmill running. [Results] Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and serum creatine kinase (CK) levels were enhanced immediately after and 24 h post exercise (relative to those of resting), respectively. Acidic sphingomyelinase (A-SMase) protein expression in gastrocnemius muscles was significantly augmented by exercise, unlike, serine palmitoyltransferase-1 (SPT-1) and neutral sphingomyelinase (N-SMase) expressions. Furthermore, imipramine (a selective A-SMase inhibitor) treatment reduced the exercise-induced CK and IL-6 elevations, along with a decrease in cleaved caspase-3 (Cas-3) of gastrocnemius muscles. [Conclusion] We found the crucial role of A-SMase in exercise-induced muscle damage.

• Clinical Pain
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.48-51
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• 2019

Symmetrical proximal weakness and characteristic dermatologic manifestations are important in the diagnosis of dermatomyositis. We report a case of atypical presentation of dermatomyositis due to previous steroid use and also report steroid-induced myopathy which may occur from steroid administration during the course of treatment. A 77-year-old man, previous steroid user, showed rapidly progressing weakness after abruptly stopped medication. He has presented erythematous papule on face and anterior chest but no heliotrope rash and Gottron's papules were observed. Muscle enzyme (creatine kinase) concentration is increased, and needle electromyography shows increased spontaneous activity on proximal limb muscle. The muscle biopsy confirmed dermatomyositis. During the course of treatment, he revealed persistent weakness despite the continuous steroid use and stable creatine kinase level. Electrodiagnostic study suggests steroid-induced myopathy and after tapering steroid, proximal muscle strength improved. This case reports the effect of steroid use on dermatomyositis patients and a process of diagnosing coexisting steroid induced myopathy during treatment.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2024

Since its outbreak in late 2019, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has profoundly caused global morbidity and deaths. The COVID-19 pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has major complications in cardiovascular and pulmonary system. The increased rate of mortality is due to delayed detection of certain biomarkers that are crucial in the development of disease. Furthermore, certain proteins and enzymes in cellular signaling pathways play an important role in replication of SARS-CoV-2. Most cases are mild to moderate symptoms, however severe cases of COVID-19 leads to death. Detecting the level of biomarkers such as C-reactive protein, cardiac troponin, creatine kinase, creatine kinaseMB, procalcitonin and Matrix metalloproteinases helps in early detection of the severity of disease. Similarly, through downregulating Renin-angiotensin system, interleukin, Mitogen-activated protein kinases and Phosphoinositide 3-kinases pathways, COVID-19 can be effectively controlled and mortality could be prevented. Ginseng and ginsenosides possess therapeutic potential in cardiac and pulmonary complications, there are several studies performed in which they have suppressed these biomarkers and downregulated the pathways, thereby inhibiting the further spread of disease. Supplementation with ginseng or ginsenoside could act on multiple pathways to reduce the level of biomarkers significantly and alleviate cardiac and pulmonary damage. Therefore, this review summarizes the potential of ginseng extract and ginsenosides in controlling the cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases by COVID-19.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.834-841
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• 2019

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of in ovo feeding (IOF) of creatine pyruvate (CrPyr) on the energy metabolism in thigh muscle of embryos and neonatal broilers. Methods: A total of 960 eggs were randomly assigned to three treatments: i) non-injected control group, ii) saline group injected with 0.6 mL of physiological saline (0.75%), and iii) CrPyr group injected with 0.6 mL of physiologi-cal saline (0.75%) containing 12 mg CrPyr/egg on 17.5 d of incubation. After hatching, 120 male chicks (close to the average body weight of the pooled group) in each group were randomly assigned to eight replications. The feeding experiment lasted 7 days. Results: The results showed that IOF of CrPyr increased glucose concentrations in the thigh muscle of broilers on 2 d after injection (p<0.05). Compared with the control and saline groups, the concentration of creatine in CrPyr group was increased on 2 d after injection and the day of hatch (p<0.05). Moreover, IOF of CrPyr increased the creatine kinase activity at hatch and increased the activities of hexokinase and pyruvate kinase on 2 d after injection and the day of hatch (p<0.05). Chicks in CrPyr group showed higher mRNA expressions of glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) and GLUT8 on the day of hatch (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results demonstrated that IOF of CrPyr was beneficial to enhance muscle energy reserves of em-bryos and hatchlings.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.420-425
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• 1991

본 연구는 인삼 사포닌(Ponax ginseng C.A. Meyer)이 수영운동을 부하시킨 웅성 횐쥐(Sprague-Dawley 계, 360 $\pm$ 40 9)의 대퇴근 크레아틴 키나제(Creative Kinase, CK: E.C. 2.7.3.2) 동위효소 활성에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 운동군은 3시간 동안 수영운동시켰으며 ,인삼군은 인삼 사포닌을 체중 Kg 당 120 mg 복강투여하였다. 인삼 사포닌을 투여한 운동군은 수영운동 1시간 전에 인삼 사포닌을 투여한 후 3시간 동안 수영시켰다. 인삼군의 MB-CK의 활성은 대조군보다 유의하게 증가하였다(P<0.01). 또한 인삼 비투여 운동군과 인삼 투여 운동군에서의 MM-CK활성은 대조군보다 각각 현저하게 증가하였고(P < 0.01와 P < 0.05), 특히 인삼 투여 운동군에서 BB-CK활성이 대조군보다 유의하게 증가하였다(P < 0.01). 인삼 사포닌은 일반적으로 CK-동위효소의 활성을 증가시키고, 운동은 MM-CK의 활성을 현저하게 증가시켰으며, 인삼 투여 운동군에서 BB-CK의 활성이 인삼 비투여 운동군보다 현저하게 증가하였다. 따라서 인삼 사포닌과 운동이 CK동위효소 활성에 상승의 효과를 나타내는 것으로 생각된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.713-722
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• 2012

Landrace와 Berkshire의 longissimus dorsi muscle으로부터 단백질 발현양상의 차이를 보기 위하여 2-DE실험을 통하여 분석한 결과 Landrace 에서 특이적으로 발현 양이 증가한 단백질들은 serum albumin precursor, troponin T (TnT; slow skeletal muscle), myoglobin였다. Berkshire에서 특이적으로 발현 양이 증가한 단백질들은 heat shock 27 kDa protein 1, troponin T (fast skeletal muscle), muscle creatine kinase, phosphoglucomutase 1, triosephosphate isomerase (Tpi 1), adenylate kinase isoenzyme 1 (AK1)였다. Landrace의 longissimus dorsi muscle에서는 slow skeletal muscle과 연관된 단백질들이 발현된 반면에 Berkshire에서는 fast skeletal muscle, 물질대사경로, 에너지 생산과 관련된 단백질들이 발현되었다. Berkshire를 이용하여 성장단계별로 단백질 발현을 분석해 본 결과 growing Berkshire에서 발현이 증가한 단백질은 aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member L1 (ALDHL1)와 muscle creatine kinase이고 finishing Berkshire에서 발현이 증가한 단백질은 heat shock 27 kDa protein 1, TnT (slow skeletal muscle), TnT (fast skeletal muscle), serum albumin precursor, PGM 1, AK 1, Tpi 1였다. 이 결과는 Finishing Berkshire의 등심에서는 growing Berkshire에 비교하여 골격근육, 에너지물질대사, 세포골격 등이 보다 활성화된 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2632-2640
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• 2012

본 연구의 목적은 지연성근통증에 대한 내측 비복근 초음파 영상의 측정도구로서의 가능성에 대해 알아보고자 함에 있다. 본 연구는 2011년 4월 21일부터 4월30일까지 실시되었다. 평소 규칙적인 운동을 하지 않으며, 최근 외상의 경험, 근골격계 질환, 심혈관계 질환이 없고 약물을 복용하지 않는 35명의 건강한 성인이 참여하였다. 대상자들은 5시간의 등반을 통해 지연성근통증을 유발하였으며, 지연성근통증 전과 지연성근통증 후 24, 48, 72시에 통증(visual analogue scale :VAS), 혈중 크레아틴 키나아제(creatine kinase: CK) 활성도, 족저 굴곡근의 최대근수축력(maximal voluntary isometric contraction: MVlC)을 측정하였고, 이 측정값과 초음파로 측정한 내측 비복근의 우상각을 비교하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 통증지표, 혈중 크레아틴 키나아제 활성도, 족저 굴곡근 최대등척성근수축력에 측정시기에 따른 유의한 차이가 발생하였으며(p<0.05), 내측 비복근 우상각에서도 측정시기에 따른 유의한 차이가 발생하였다(p<0.05). 또한 변수 간 측정시기에 따른 변화의 흐름이 일치하는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해 초음파 검사를 통한 내측 비복근 우상각의 시간경과에 따른 변화 측정이 지연성근통증을 감지하는 새로운 측정방법으로 사용될 수 있을 것이라 생각한다.