• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.265-275
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• 2003

이 연구에서는 평가 방법에 따라 여학생과 남학생의 과학 성취도가 각각 어떤 차이를 보이는지 파악함으로써 여학생들과 남학생들의 과학 성취 능력에 대해 올바르게 인식하는 데 도움을 주고자 한다. 이를 위해 서울 소재 중학교 전학년 학생 1,487명의 2000년 과학 성적을 분석하여 평가 방법에 따른 성 차이 경향, 성취 수준별 평가 방법에 따른 성 차이 경향, 성별 평가 방법 사이의 상관 관계등을 알아보았다. 이 학교의 과학 성적에는 지필 검사 위주의 1, 2학기 중간과 기말 고사 및 수행 평가가 포함되었다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 전체 과학 성취도에 있어 7학년은 여학생이 남학생보다 유의미하게 높은 결과를 나타냈으나. 8, 9학년은 의미 있는 성 차이를 보이지 않았다. 둘째, 객관식 문항의 경우 7, 8, 9학년 모두 남녀 학생 간 과학 성취도에 있어 의미 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 주관식 문항에서는 7학년의 경우 여학생의 과학 성취도가 남학생보다 유의미하게 높았으나. 8, 9학년에서는 의미 있는 성 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 반면, 수행 평가의 경우 3개 학년 모두 여학생이 의미 있는 차이를 보이며 남학생보다 높은 성취도를 나타냈다. 셋째, 상, 중, 하 성취 집단 모두 객관식 문항에서는 남학생이 유의미하게 높은 성취도를 보였고, 주관식 문항에서는 성 차이가 나타나지 않은 반면, 수행 평가에서는 세 집단 모두 여학생이 유의미하게 높은 성취도를 보였다. 넷째, 상위 10% 이내의 학생 집단의 경우 전체적인 과학 성취도 결과와 그 경향이 전혀 달라, 이들 최상위권 학생들의 경우 모든 학년에서 객관식과 주관식 문항은 물론이고 수행 평가에서도 성별 성취도 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 다섯째, 전체 과학 성취도와 평가 방법들과의 상관 관계를 살펴본 결과, 남녀 학생 모두 모든 학년에 걸쳐 전체 과학 성취도와 가장 큰 상관 관계가 있는 평가 유형은 객관식 문항인 것으로 나타난 반면, 전체 과학 성취도와 가장 작은 상관 관계가 잇는 평가 유형은 수행 평가인 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 평가 방법과 전체 과학 성취도 결과와의 상관 관계는 성별로 다소 다른 경향을 보였는데, 여학생보다는 남학생의 경우 수행 평가와 전체 과학 성취도와의 상관 관계가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 수행 평가가 학생들의 능력을 더욱 타당하게 평가할 수 있다는 기존의 연구 결과에 비추어 볼 때, 이 연구에서 여학생들이 남학생들에 비해 수행 평가에서 높은 성취도를 보인 점은 매우 주목할 만하다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

Background : This study verified a correlation between gross motor performance measure (GMPM) and pediatric balance scale (PBS) for children, which are most widely used for assessment of children with cerebral palsy. Methods : The study subjects are 20 children aged between five and 13 who were diagnosed with cerebral palsy. Their mean age was $8.15{\pm}2.96years$ and consists of 15 males and 5 females. The subjects were divided into three groups according to muscle tone and motility disorders and then GMPM and PBS were assessed. In the assessment items in the GMPM, alignment, coordination, dissociated movement, stability, and weight shift were measured. The PBS consists of sitting to standing, standing to sitting, moving between chairs, standing without using hands, standing with one foot, turning 360 degrees, turning to look behind, retrieving object from floor, and reaching forward with outstretched arm while standing. A correlation of the collected data was analyzed using SPSS 18.0 for windows. Results : From Significant correlations were shown between items of GMPM and PBS as well as total scores of GMPM and PBS. Among them, coordination and weight transfer in the GMPM items had a high correlation with the PBS. In addition, the higher the GMPM total score was, the higher the PBS score was. Conclusion : This study result showed a significant correlation between GMPM and PBS, and this relation can be used to pediatric physical examination.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.251-269
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• 2018

In 1997, the environmental score (Q) corresponding the tolerance value of Korean benthic macroinvertebrate species and the related biotic score, the ecological score of benthic macroinvertebrates (ESB) were proposed; ESB was similar to Beck's biotic index or Chandler's biotic score. This study was carried out to revise the Q values of individual species and the assessment scheme of ESB based on the taxonomic performance and ecological information accumulated since then. The original ESB was renamed as TESB (total ESB), and AESB (average ESB) was newly proposed. AESB is calculated by dividing the TESB (for a given station) by the number of species present in the sample. In this study, TESB showed a positively skewed distribution, while AESB showed a negatively skewed distribution. The correlation between TESB and the concentration of $BOD_5$ was a little stronger than that of the original ESB. TESB showed a very strong correlation (correlation coefficient r = 0.98) with Margalef's species richness, of which correlation coefficient was higher than that of AESB (r = 0.85). AESB showed a strong correlation (r = -0.79) with the concentration of $BOD_5$, while TESB showed a weaker correlation (r = -0.67). Applying TESB and AESB together in an assessment of the environment may be comprehensive because the physical and chemical states of the environment can be evaluated together. AESB is less dependent on the sample size, while TESB tends to increase as the sample size increases. In the evaluation of the environment using TESB, it is necessary to standardize the methods on monitoring.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1646-1655
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• 2015

Korean government has issued the ratings standard for disease control of aquaculture farms according to the Aquatic Life Disease Control Act in 2008. There are five rating criteria within the enforcement regulations; period of disease free, performance of disinfection, environmental and hygienic management, keeping record of trade and sales, completion of education for disease control. There are no application has been applied on the basis of the rating criteria so far because detailed subcriteria and scoring indicators has not established for assessment process. In order to apply the ratings standard for disease control, we set up the subcriteria and new scoring for rating disease control level based on legal criteria in this study. This study was conducted on 90 targeted olive flounder farms in Jeju. The result of disease control level assessment on olive flounder aquaculture farms show the overall average of Jeju-do was 72.9 points and differed depending on the district; 74.7 in Jeju-si and 71.1 in Seogwipo-si, respectively. The Spearman correlation of each evaluation index show the disease control level score was correlated highly with the performance of disinfection(R=0.715, p<0.01), and environmental and hygienic management(R=0.661, p<0.01). The result of correlation analysis show that there is the highest correlation between the aquaculture farm status and the total mortality(R= -0.618, p<0.01). The reliability of the results are considered to be accurate in the Cronbach's alpha value of 0.727.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.201-207
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• 1997

This study was performed to survey the achievements in problem solving by the inquiring experiment, which was done by the superior group in the traditional cocepts-centered written tests. The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of inquiring experimental assessment by analyzing differences between concepts-centered written and inquiring experimental tests. The subjects of this study was 211 applicants. They are the superior group of the 9th grade students, and score in the top 1% of total achievements percentage in school. They also have passed the primary entrance examination. The inquiring experimental test was developed according to the curriculum in school, and is composed of 5 subcategories: problem-perception and formulating hypothesis, designing an experiment, carring out an experiment, recording data and drawing conculsion, and generalizing conculsions and communicaton. The checklists of each subcategory were made and testing methods were divided into observation and report. The major results of this study are as follows: 1. The achievements in each subcategory of inquiring experimental performance were very low in the superior group who took the concepts-centered written tests. 2. The results of factor and correlation analyses in this study confirmed the abilities measured by inquiring experimental assessment differed from abilities measured by existing tests. These results indicated that even students who achieved high in scientific knowledge, these abilities were not automatically transformed inquiry process which many other abilities were integrated into. Therefore, problem solving ability requires integrated abilities which are fostered by inquiring experimental tasks. This suggests that new instrument for assessment must be developed to measure integrating ability especially where scientifically gifted students are selected, or where entrance examinations to the science schools are administered.