• 제목/요약/키워드: cooking conditions

검색결과 373건 처리시간 0.03초

한국산 감자의 기관별, 품종별, 중량별, 분포별 및 조리 방법에 따른 총 페놀 함량과 DPPH 라디칼 소거능에 관한 연구 (The Total Phenolic Contents and DPPH Radical Scavenging Activities of Korean Potatoes according to Physical Characteristics and Cooking Methods)

  • 임효원;서봉순
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.375-383
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    • 2009
  • This study was conducted to measure the total polyphenol contents and DPPH radical scavenging activities of different potato plants parts, varieties, and grades, and by distribution and different cooking conditions. The results were as follows. For the plant parts, total phenolic content and DPPH radical scavenging activity were highest in the flowers followed by leaves and stems, respectively. Among 5 potato varieties, 'Jasim' had the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity and the activity of its pulp was lower than that of its cortex(peel). Regardless of potato grade, the cortexes(peel) of samples had two-fold higher DPPH radical scavenging activity than pulp, and the Grade SS potato had the highest phenolic content. It was also found that the bud ends and stem ends had comparably larger amounts of phenolic compounds in horizontally cut potatoes. Finally, the descending order for DPPH radical scavenging activity, according to different cooking conditions, was as follows: gas oven range-baking, frying, microwave-heating, sauteing, boiling in 1% saline solution, steaming, and boiling in 3% saline solution.

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강낭콩의 적정 침지조건과 조리특성의 비교 (Comparison on Optimum Soaking Condition and Cooking Properteis of Korean Kidney Beans)

  • 조은자;박선희
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
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    • 제24권6호
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    • pp.937-942
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    • 1995
  • 침지 중 강남콩의 절단력은 적색종>분홍색종>백색종의 순으로 컸으나, $10^{\circ}C에서\;10시간,\;20^{\circ}C에서\;8시간,\;30^{\circ}C에서\;6시간,\;40^{\circ}C$에서 3시간 침지한 경우에는 품종에 관계없이 동일한 절단력을 보였다. 동일한 절단력을 나타내는 조건($10^{\circ}C에서\;10시간,\;20^{\circ}C에서\;8시간,\;10^{\circ}C에서\;6시간,\;10^{\circ}C$에서 3시간)을 적정 침지조건으로 하여 침지한 강낭콩의 조리완료 시간은 침지조건에 관계없이 분홍색종이 23분, 적색종이 25분, 백색종이 27분이었다. 조리속도는 침지조건에 관계없이 비슷하엿으나 분홍색종>적색종>백색종의 순으로 컸다. 고형분 용출량은 침지조건과 품종에 관계없이 비슷한 값을 보였으나, 품종에 관계없이 $30^{\circ}C$에서는 최대의 고형분 용출량을, $10^{\circ}C$에서는 최소한 고형분 용출량을 나타내었으며, 백색종은 침지온도 $10^{\circ}C$에서 10시간 침지시 다른 침지조건 보다 고형분 용출량이 훨씬 적어 차이를 보였다.조리액의 색도는 적색종>분홍색종>백색종의 순으로 흡광도가 높았고, 조리시 강낭콩의 최대 흡광도는 분홍색종과 적색종은 490nm였고 백색종은 330nm였으며, 강낭콩 분홍색종과 적색종이 침지조건에는 관계없이 동일한 흡광도를 보였으나, 침지온도 $10^{\circ}C$에서 10시간 침지한 분홍색종은 흡광도가 낮아 특이한 패턴을 보였다.

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식재료 아웃소싱이 경제적 주방에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 - 특1급호텔 양식조리를 중심으로 - (Study on economic effects of outsourcing of food materials on the hotel kitchen - Focus on cooking Western food in the first class hotel -)

  • 성태종
    • 한국관광식음료학회지:관광식음료경영연구
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.45-69
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    • 2002
  • This study is designed to examine feasibility and limitation of outsourcing in cooking Western food in a hotel, to interpret importance of outsourcing(eg. outside order, outside procurement, outside supply) in a broad sense in order to reinforce the core capacity in the cooking department, and to know whether the cooking human power is efficiently used and how much the chefs recognize outsourcing of food materials. As many companies conduct restructuring to cut down its size, the reduction of human power led the Western food cooking in the hotel to lower core capacities, lower quality, and lower efficiency. In addition, the sagging morale of chefs undermined creativity. To change from the traditional kitchen to an economic kitchen needs to look into importance of outsourcing, cognitive attitude of chefs, relation with outside suppliers. Here suggests performance of positive changes in the structure The study examined feasibility and limitation of outsourcing in the hotel kitchen as well as chefs' cognitive attitude toward outsourcing of food materials to reinforce core capabilities of the hotel kitchen. 1. Companies of outsourcing are selected according to variability of price conditions, flexibility of contract conditions, popularity of the outsourcing company, and reputation of the outsourcing company. 2. The importance of outsourcing in the Western food cooking is divided into 4 factors such as standard of selecting outsourcing companies, policies of cooking manu, quality of cooking, and quantity of cooking. 3. The most feasible section in outsourcing of food materials is a process of kneading flour for bread, which shows that many Western-food chefs expect to put higher possibility of outsourcing on the kneading. In other words, when it comes to confectionery and bakery, there are many outside expert processing companies supplying high quality products. In the order of outsourcing feasibility, sauce is followed by processed vegetable, garnish of main dish, and soup. The least feasible section in outsourcing of food materials is appetize. Appetize includes a concept of a improvised dish and needs speed. Due to its color, freshness, and sensibility of taste, the appetize plays a key role in the Western food cooking. 4. When outsourcing is taken in place, the highest risk is to lower the inner cooking skills. Therefore chefs in charge of the Western food sequently recognize both internal problems including storage of cooking skills, unstability of layoffs, and loss of cooperation between departments, and external problems including inferior goods, difficulty of differentiating manu, delay of delivery, and expiration date. It shows that most of the Western food chefs consider risks of the internal problems at first. 5. A effective outsourcing needs appropriate selection of outsourcing companies, maintenance of credibility, active communication, check and management of hygiene. However regardless of their position or career, chefs in charge of the Western food have the same cognitive attitude toward selecting successful outsourcing companies after the outsourcing system is enforced. The core of cooking, or a final stage in the full process of so-called artistic cooking, should be treated with insourcing. Reduction of several cooking processes resulted in shortened cooking time, increased efficiency, faster cooking, cutting the waiting-lines, and finally more room for customers. The outsourcing system can reduce or eliminate the following processes in cooking: buying various food materials, checking, storing, preparing, and processing. Especially in the Western food cooking department of a hotel, the outsourcing system should be enforced to make an economic kitchen and to efficiently manage it. Wow it's time to change from the traditional kitchen to an economic kitchen in the hotel cooking department. For that, the cooking department should become a small but strong organization by outsourcing except its core work.

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공정온도와 상대습도가 소시지 쿠킹시간에 미치는 영향 및 쿠킹시간 예측모델 (Effects of Processing Temperature and Relative Humidities on the Sausage Cooking Time and Prediction Models of Cooking Time)

  • 허상선;최용희
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.325-331
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    • 1990
  • 소시지의 세조공정 중의 주 공정인 쿠킹공정에서 가장 영향을 많이 미치는 인자는 쿠킹온도와 상대습도이다. 따라서 쿠킹공정에서 에너지의 효율성을 높이기 위해 상기 인자와 소시지 직경의 변화에 따른 쿠킹시간을 측정하여 쿠킹시간 예측모델식을 수립하였다. 또한 쿠킹 전후의 일반성분 분석과 중량변화 및 각 온도와 상대습도에서의 TPA 분석을 하였다. 쿠킹시간 예측모델식을 SPSS computer program을 이용하여 가장 오차가 적은 범위에서의 예측모델식을 얻었다. 쿠킹시간 예측모델식을 쿠킹온도와 상대습도와 소시지 직경에 대한 각각의 함수관계를 Scattergram을 작성하여 R-square값을 가장 높은 함수를 취하여 각각의 모델식을 수립한 후 독립변수와의 관계를 종합하여 예측값을 구할 수 있는 최종적인 예측모델식을 수립하였다. 또한 소시지 직경 1.5cm에 대한 쿠킹 동안 중량변화는 온도와 상대습도가 적게 소모되어 소시지의 중량변화가 적게 일어남을 알 수 있었다. 물성치를 측정해 본 결과 온도와 상대습도의 변화에 따른 경도와 응집력의 값은 크게 변화가 일어났으나 반면에 탄성과 저작성의 값은 그 변화가 다소 적게 일어남을 알 수 있었다.

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Effects of Phosphate and Two-Stage Sous-Vide Cooking on Textural Properties of the Beef Semitendinosus

  • Nurul Nazirah Ruslan;John Yew Huat Tang;Nurul Huda;Mohammad Rashedi Ismail-Fitry;Ismail Ishamri
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제43권3호
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    • pp.491-501
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    • 2023
  • Comparing the effects of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) concentrations of 0.2% and 0.4% on beef semitendinosus is the objective of the current investigation. The samples were cooked at varied temperatures (45+60℃ and 45+70℃) and times (1.5+1.5 h and 3+3 h) using staged cooking. The colour properties, cooking loss, water retention, shear force, water-holding capacity, sarcoplasmic, and myofibrillar solubility, and total collagen were investigated. The cooking time and temperature affected the water-holding capacity, cooking loss, CIE L*, CIE a*, CIE b*, myofibrillar, and sarcoplasmic solubility, with lower temperature and short time having the lower detrimental effect. However, the significant effect can be intensified after the addition of STPP with higher water-holding capacity and tender meat obtained with 0.4% phosphate concentration at any cooking conditions. The STPP lowered the collagen content and increased the protein solubility of myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic, which this degradation is used as a good indicator of tenderness.

녹차생엽의 자숙 및 튀김에 의한 화학성분 변화 (Changes in Chemical Components of Green Tea Leaves during Blanching and Frying)

  • 김성수;이미경;한억;오상룡;이성우
    • 한국식생활문화학회지
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    • 제5권2호
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    • pp.229-233
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    • 1990
  • Changes in chemical components of green tea leaves at different cooking conditions-blanching and frying-were surveyed as a method of utilizing low graded green tea leaves which missed appropriate plucking times. There was no significant difference in protein content during cooking. But contents of chlorophyll, tannin, vitamin C and caffeine were decreased during cooking, contents of chlorophyll and caffeine showed a greater decrease in frying than blanching. Content of total amino acid of green tea leaf was 15.8% and blanching showed bigger diminution of its content in comparision with frying during cooking.

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조리조건을 달리한 콩자반의 물리적 및 관능적 특성 (Physical and Organoleptic Characteristics of Kongjaban Prepared under Different Cooking Conditions)

  • 정수정;윤재영;이서래
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.490-497
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    • 1991
  • 수침온도와 시간, 가열시간 및 설탕과 간장의 양을 달리하여 제조한 콩자반의 품질특성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 가열 전 콩을 $20^{\circ}C$$60^{\circ}C$에서 수침 처리한 결과 침지온도에 관계없이 콩자반의 살색도, 염도 및 경도는 감소하였다. 설탕과 간장 첨가 후 가열시간이 길어질수록 콩자반의 갈색도, 염도 및 경도는 현저하게 증가하였으며 설탕과 간장의 첨가수준은 뚜렷한 차이를 가져오지는 않았으나 설탕 양이 증가할수록 경도는 약간 증가하였다. 관능검사 결과 가열시간이 길어짐에 따라 색깔, 경도 및 짠맛은 크게 증가하였고 설탕 양이 증가 할수록 색깔, 경도 및 단맛은 증가하였으며 간장 양은 짠맛 이외의 관능적 특성에는 영향을 주지 않았다.

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Microwave Oven을 이용한 취반에 관한 연구 -출력 및 가열시간의 최적화- (Microwave Cooking of Rice - The Optimum Condition of Power Level and Heating Time -)

  • 김영아;김현숙
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.44-49
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    • 1998
  • Microwave oven을 이용한 취반 시 최적 취반조건을 설정하기 위하여 전자렌지의 출력 및 가열시간을 달리하여 취반한 밥의 관능적 특성을 조사하였다. 쌀 1cup(약 173 g)을 수세하여 290 ml 물을 넣고 1시간동안 침지시킨 후 전자렌지의 출력과 가열시간을 5단계로 조절하면서 취반하였다(1단계; 온도상승기, 2단계: 수분흡수기1, 3단계: 수분흡수기2, 4단계: 열 침투기, 5단계: 호화완료기). 예비실험에서 설정한 출력과 가열시간에 따른 실험조건 수는 1200treatments였으나 1차, 2차에 걸친 취반실험 결과로부터 32가지의 최적 취반조건을 선정하였다. 그 중에서 다시 다음 3가지를 전자렌지의 대표적 인 취반조건으로 제시할 수 있었다. 1) 출력(7) 5:00-출력(1) 5:00(2) 5:00-출력(2) 6:00-출력(7) 4:00 2) 출력(8) 4:25-출력(1) 5:00-출력(2) 5:00-출력(2)

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데리야끼(Teriyaki) 조미액을 이용한 송이 데리야끼 절임의 품질 특성 (Quality Characteristics of Pine Mushroom Teriyaki Pickle Prepared by Teriyaki Seasoning)

  • 박미란;변광인;최수근
    • 동아시아식생활학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.72-80
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    • 2007
  • The pine mushroom is recognized as a valuable functional food and is considered the first kind of mushroom. One of the product development plans for the pine mushroom is a Teriyaki pickle. The physical properties and sensory evaluation of this product were measured, as well as sensory evaluations and microbe tests after a storage period. 9 types of high pressure-cooking conditions with Teriyaki seasoning were tested. The Teriyaki seasoning was heated from $110^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours, 1 hour or by the traditional method. Based on our testing and evaluations, the pine mushroom Teriyaki pickle heated from $110^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours or 1 hour had the highest preference and color ; Odor and overall preference increased with longer storage periods. Also, from the 21st day, the microbe levels in the traditional method Teriyaki seasoning measured less than those in 30 others. But, until storage 28th day, no microbes were detected in Teriyaki seasoning liquid from the high pressure-cooking condition. As a result, the high pressure-cooking condition was a simpler manufacturing process than the traditional method. The salinity of Teriyaki seasoning liquid from the high pressure-cooking condition was relatively lower than that from the traditional method. Therefore, the pine mushroom pickle prepared with Teriyaki seasoning under high pressure-cooking conditions will be considered for commercialization. The pine mushroom Teriyaki pickle heated from $110^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours was preferred the most, so this method is suitable for the Teriyaki seasoning.

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반조리 냉동 육류제품의 저장 및 재가열 방법에 따른 지방 산화율 측정 (Measurement of Lipid Oxidation Rates in Semi-prepared Frozen Muscle Foods During Various Storage and Reheating Conditions)

  • 송은승;강명화
    • 한국식품조리과학회지
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    • 제9권2호
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    • pp.88-93
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    • 1993
  • Semi-prepared frozen muscle foods purchased from local industry were tested for lipid oxidation. The effects of various storage conditions, cooking methods, defrosting methods and reheating methods on rancidity were examined using TBA assay and sensory evaluation. TBARS values were increased faster in cooked samples than in uncooked ones during storage periods. During refrigeration of cooked samples, TBARS values were increased significantly for 15 days (p<0.001). In defrosting experiments, refrigerated defrosting was proven to be better compared with room temperature or microwave defrosting (p<0.05). For overall explanation, stepwise regression analysis was done and the results are in this order: storage conditions, cooking methods, moisture content, and lipid content. Using these 4 variables, TBARS values could be explained by 40~53%.

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