• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.905-910
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• 2011

Cookies were prepared using different fat: butter, margarine, and shortening. Density, specific gravity of the dough, moisture content, spreadability, color, texture, and sensory evaluation for each cookies were conducted. Density, specific gravity and moisture content of each cookies showed the highest value with butter dough, and the lowest value with shortening dough. Spreadability of the cookie with margarine was the highest, and the cookie with butter and shortening resulted lower than that. The chromaticity 'L' and 'b' with butter cookie appeared the highest value, and margarine cookie and shortening cookie were followed that result. But chromaticity 'a' of butter cookie showed the lowest result while margarine cookie, and shortening cookie showed the highest value. Overall sensory evaluation showed high preference for butter cookie, beside margarine cookie and shortening cookie showed lower preference. Butter cookie was preferred in hardness, brittleness, color and chewiness, over margarine or shortening cookie. Flavor and sweetness with margarine cookie was preferred rather than butter cookie and shortening cookie. Softness and fatty taste of shortening cookie showed the highest result, beside margarine cookie and butter cookie showed lower result.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.703-717
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• 2015

In this study, when we reflect the preference of consumers who wish to receive their health through natural materials, and whose purpose is to receive good quality and good tasting cookies made from ginger. After 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% of flour was replaced by ginger powder for making cookies, a comparative analysis of quality characteristics and QDA was completed. Adding ginger powder caused a decrease in the density of the cookie dough, moisture content, loss rate and leavening rate of cookie (p<0.05), but the hardness of the ginger cookie increased. As a result of the description analysis of adding ginger powder, adding ginger powder increases, cookie color, crispiness, acid taste, flavor, and an after taste, but not the sweetness of the cookie. In terms of cookie color, crispiness, taste, flavor and overall acceptability, adding 4% ginger powder received high reviews. Also as a result of measuring DPPH radical elimination, ginger powder shows to have good antioxidant activity. So their anti-cancer activity is better than cookies without ginger powder. Therefore, we expect that we can fulfill the overall acceptability.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.292-299
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• 2017

Purpose: The present study explored cookie making performance using Jeju magma seawater to elucidate the effects of minerals in water on quality of baked goods. Methods: Seven water samples were analyzed for their mineral content, pH and water hardness. Starch pasting properties of flour in water samples was analyzed using RVA, and cookie making performance using water samples was evaluated with the AACCI wire-cut cookie baking method. Quality of cookies was measured by weight loss during baking, cookie geometry, color, and firmness. Results: Hardness of water samples ranged from 0-4200, and mineral content was in the order of magma seawater > 100% ED mineral water > 50% ED mineral water > 10% ED mineral water > tap water > Samdasoo > distilled water. RVA results showed that water hardness exhibited significant relationships with pasting temperature (p<0.05, R=0.863), peak viscosity (p<0.001, R=0.944), final viscosity (p<0.05, R=0.861), and setback (p<0.05, R=0.782). Cookie baking results showed that cookie diameter increased in the order of magma seawater < 100% ED mineral water < 50% ED mineral water < 10% ED mineral water $\approx$ tap water < Samdasoo < distilled water. Conclusion: As mineral content in water increased, flour pasting temperature and viscosity increased, whereas cookie diameter decreased with color fading. However, cookies formulated with 50% ED mineral water showed similar cookie geometry and texture to those with tap water. Therefore, controlling the mineral content of water can be successfully applied to produce mineral-enriched cookies.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.352-359
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• 2001

Cookie baking properties and relationships between cookie baking properties and flour characteristics were evaluated for two years, 1997 and 1998, and at two locations, Suwon and Deokso, with Korean winter wheat cultivars and lines. Cookie baking parameters, except for cookie diameter and top grain score, were influenced by locations and years. Chokwang, Suwon 274, Suwon 275, Suwon 277 and Urimil showed larger cookie diameter and excellent top grain score compared to the other Korean winter wheat cultivars and lines. Among the flour characteristics, protein content, damaged starch content, alkaline water retention capacity and flour swelling volume showed high positive correlation coefficients with cookie baking parameters. Friabilin-present lines showed larger cookie diameter, suitable surface structure of cookie and softer snapping force than the friabilin-absent lines.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.631-636
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• 2010

미강 첨가량을 달리하여 제조한 쿠키 반죽의 밀도는 미강첨가량이 증가할수록 낮아지는 경향을 나타내었으나, 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았으며 미강의 첨가는 쿠키의 퍼짐성, 손실율 및 팽창율에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 쿠키의 수분함량은 미강 30% 첨가구가 2.11% 로 가장 낮게 측정되었으며 색도는 미강의 첨가량이 증가할수록 명도와 황색도는 낮아지고 적색도는 높아지는 경향을 나타내었다. 조직감은 미강의 함량이 증가하면서 hardness, 부착성, cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess, chewiness가 증가하였으며 관능평가에서는 5% 첨가까지는 색, 풍미, 텍스쳐, 그리고 전반적인 선호도에서 양호한 평가를 받았으나, 그 이상의 미강의 첨가는 쿠키는 관능특성을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이로써, 미강첨가 쿠키의 제조시에는 5%의 미강을 첨가하는 것이 적합할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.234-237
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• 2008

밀가루에 흑미가루를 첨가하여 제조한 sugar-snap 쿠키의 품질특성을 조사하였다. Sugar-snap 쿠키의 반죽의 pH는 흑미 가루의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 쿠키의 직경과 퍼짐성은 흑미 가루의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 증가하였고 두께와 파괴강도는 감소하였다. L, a, 및 b값 역시 흑미 가루 첨가량이 증가함에 따라서 다소 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. Sugar-snap 쿠키의 종합적 기호도는 강력분의 경우는 흑미가루 20% 첨가 시, 중력분은 25% 첨가 시, 박력분은 20% 첨가 시에 가장 좋은 것으로 평가되었다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.133-146
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• 1999

Green tea is popular as health food these days and has effects of anti-cancer and an-agering. A various Foreign countries produce green health cookie adding the first, the second and third classes green tea on a commercial. The cookie is produced by wheat flour adding 4% green tea. The changes of taste depending on the quality of green tea are examined through the five sense and the mechanical inspection. The results are as follow: First, as the quality of green tea is higher score is achieved. Second, as the quantity of green tea is increased, the goods are harder in the five sence inspection. Third, as the quality of green tea is higher, brightness is lower in the measurement of color. Therefore, this study indicates that it is desirable to use the good qualify of green tea in case of producing cookie on a commercial scale.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.437-443
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• 2005

Quality characteristic of Kipfel cookies with 0, 20, 40 and $60\%$ of freeze dried chitosan-chungkukjang(CC), which was fermented for 24 hours at $40^{\circ}C$ with steamed soybean added with $0.25\%$ of chitosan(MW 2,025 kDa) powder and inoculated $2\%$ of Bacillus lichenifomis, were investigated Bulk density was higher in the CC cookie, but there were no difference among the CC cookies. While hardness was decreased, brittleness and springiness were increased in the higher ratio of CC, but no significant difference was observed in cohesiveness and gumminess. According to increasing the CC ratio, L$\ast$ values and hue angle were decreased from 62.69 and 96.71 to 44.41 and 69.30, respectively. While a$\ast$ values were increased from -1.94 to 4.95, and no changes were observed in b$\ast$ values. Glucosamine content was $27.34 mg\%$ in the control cookie, $40{\~}93.75 mg\%$ in the CC cookies. Antioxidant activity of the CC cookies were higher than the control. The activity of the control cookie was decreased during storage, while it was maintained in CC cookies. There were no differences in the sour, sweet and savory taste. Off-flavor did not detected in the $0{\~}40\%$ CC cookies, but the chungkukjang odor was slightly detected in the $60\%$ CC cookie. The $20{\~}40\%$ CC cookies did not affect on native odor of Kipfel cookie. Color acceptability also did not affect by addition of CC $20{\~}40\%$ but it was lower in $60\%$ CC cookie. Overall acceptability was the best in the $20\%$ CC cookie.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.229-233
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of cookies added with different levels of tomato powder. Cookies were prepared with five different levels of tomato powder (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0%) and the physicochemical properties were examined. The pH of cookie dough decreased significantly by the addition of tomato powder (p<0.05). Crude protein and ash content of the cookies containing 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% tomato powder were significantly higher than those of control and those with 2.5% (p<0.05). The spread factor of control cookie was lower than that of cookies containing 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0% tomato powder. The incorporation of tomato powder in cookies lowered the lightness values but increased redness and yellowness values. Rheology testing showed that cookies with 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0% tomato powder had significantly lower hardness value than control. Sensory evaluation revealed that overall desirability scores were not significantly different between control and tomato powder added groups. Therefore, cookies with up to 10.0% added tomato powder would be as acceptable as control cookies without depressing cookie quality.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권8호
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• pp.1367-1372
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• 2004

보리의 도정과정중에 생성되는 도정부산물의 식품소재로서의 활용 방안으로 보리 도정 겨를 밀가루에 0∼30% 대체한 쿠키와 머핀을 제조하여 품질 특성을 조사하였다. 보리겨의 첨가는 쿠키의 퍼짐성, 밝기, 관능특성을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 20% 첨가수준까지 보리 겨를 첨가하는 것은 쿠키의 top grain, 색, 풍미, 텍스쳐 그리고 전반적인 기호도에서 양호한 점수를 얻었으며 특히 10% 첨가수준에서는 관능특성에서 대조구와 유의적으로 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 머핀의 경우에도 보리 도정 겨의 첨가는 부피를 감소시키고 내부 기공의 특성이 떨어지는 결과를 초래하였지만 20% 첨가 수준 범위내에서 색, 풍미, 텍스쳐 등 머핀의 품질에 크게 부정적이지 않는 것으로 평가되었다.