• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.6-12
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• 1992

To study the effects of irrigation on the mulberry, 3 experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, four treatments, conventional (no irregation), drip irrigation, fertigation and fertigation with 20% extra fertilizer were examined. Irrigation hose was hurried at 20cm depth under the surface (Experiment 1). Water potential was controled at 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 bar to understand the optimum irrigation potential under rain-block system with plastic film hose(experiment 2). Five leading mulberry varieties, Cheongilppong, Youngcheonppong, Suseongppong, Kaeryangppong and Shinilppong were examined for irrigation response(experiment 3). Fertigation and fertigation with extra fefilizer increased yield by 22%, repectively compared with conventional. Irrigation increased by 8%, but with no significance statistically compared with the conventional. Irrigation, especially fertigation increased water content, P$_2$O$_{5}$, $K_2$O and CaO in leaves, suggested improving leaf quality in fall. Fertigation increased available P$_2$O$_{5}$ content in the sub-soil. More root distribution showed at the sub-soil in fertigation. Weed did not occured in fertigation due to sub-soil fertilization, whereas the conventional received surface fertilization showed 931kg/10 a weed in fresh weight. No effect showed at the 20% extra fertilizer than the conventional amount Maximun yield showed at the 0.5 bar water potential. Irrigation increased yield by 22-25% with Cheongilppong and Yongcheonppong, and by 9-13% with Suseongppong, Shinilppong and Kaeryangppong.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.971-978
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• 2022

Fertigation, which has been introduced in agricultural fields since 1990, has been widely practiced in upland fields as well as in plastic film houses as part of the crop production system. In accordance with demands in the agricultural sector, a huge number of scientific studies on fertigation have been conducted worldwide. Moreover, with a combination of advanced technologies such as big-data, machine learning, etc., fertigation is positioned as an indispensable tool to achieve sustainable crop production and to enhance nutrient and water use efficiency. In this review, we focused on providing valuable information in terms of crop production and nutrient/water use efficiency. A variety of fertigation studies have described that enhancement of crop production did not differ relative to conventional method or slightly increased. In contrast, fertigation significantly improved nutrient/water use efficiency, with a reduction in use ranging from 20 to 50%. Water-soluble organic resources such as livestock manure and agricultural byproducts also have been identified as useful resources like chemical fertilizers. Furthermore, the initial irrigation point was generally recommended in a range of -10 - -40 kPa, although the point differed according to the crop and crop growth stage. From this review, we suggest that fertigation, which is closely integrated with advanced technology, could be a leading technology to attain not only food security but also carbon neutrality via improvement of nutrient/water use efficiency.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.306-312
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• 2007

To investigate the effect of N fertigation on the growth, yield, and water and nitrogen use efficiencies during tomato cultivation, seedlings were transplanted in a sandy loam soil under plastic film house condition. 0, 88, 132, 176, $220\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ N rates, which correspond to 0 (NF0), 40 (NF40), 60 (NF60), 80 (NF80), 100% (NF100) N level of soil test-based N fertilization, were injected weekly through drip irrigation system for 15 weeks in N fertigation system, and the control (conventional N treatment) was installed for comparison. Herein, nitrogen was applied by top-dressing with 60% as a basal and 40% as additional fertilizer. There was little different in stem diameter growth among N fertigation treatments, but plant height and dry matter increased with increasing N fertigation rates as well as in N conventional treatment. Tomato yield was increased with increasing the number of marketable fruits in N fertigation treatments, and the fruit yield was maximized in NF 80 treatment ($176\;kg\;ha^{-1}$ N supply or $96.6\;mg\;L^{-1}$ N injection). Dry matter productivity and nitrogen uptake amount were significantly increased with increasing N fertigation rates. The ratio of fruits to the dry weight of whole plant was decreased with increasing N fertigation rates, but this ratio was $2.6{\sim}5.3%$ higher in N fertigation treatments than in the control. In addition, the ratios of nitrogen distributed toward fruits in N fertigation treatments were $3.7{\sim}21.7%$ higher than that of control. The apparent N recovery percentages showed significantly higher values as $71.8{\sim}102.3%$ in N fertigation treatments, compared to 45% in N conventional treatment. Water use efficiency was significantly increased by fertigation system with the maximum $361\;kg/ha\;cm^{-1}$ in NF 80, which is comparable to $324\;kg/ha\;cm^{-1}$ of the conventional treatment. Conclusively, N fertigation system was effective on increasing tomato productivity and nutrient efficiency as well as 20% reduction of N fertilization level.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.186-191
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• 2012

Experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of fertigation (fertilizer-added irrigation) on soil EC (electrical conductivity), nitrogen and calcium content in soil, vine growth and fruit yield of oriental melon (Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa Mak.). Soil EC was increased with the frequency of fertigation (Yamazaki's solution for melon, 900 L/1,000 plants, each time) up to $0.8dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ as compared to that of conventional irrigation ($0.2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$). Ca content in soil also increased in fertigation fields. Vine dry weigh (20 days after planting) was significantly increased in fertigation plot. Markedly increases in marketable fruit yield and lower rate of off-shape fruit were recorded with the increase in fertigation frequency. Mean fruit weight and soluble solids contents ($^0Brix$) in fruit were not affected by fertigation. Fresh weight loss during storage was significantly higher in fruits harvested from 2 times fertigation (09:00 and 18:00) plot than conventional irrigation and the 1 time fertigation ones.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.170-175
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• 2008

To verify suitability of the developed nutrient solution for fertigation culture of cucumber, chemical changes of soil, growth characteristics and yield of cucumber as affected by conventional fertigation method (Control), the developed nutrient solution for fertigation culture (DNF) and Yamasaki cucumber recipe (YCR) were investigated. At 48 days after transplant, photosynthetic and transpiration rate of cucumber leaves were the highest in 3/2 strength of DNF and 1/2 strength of YCR, but not different with the Control, in the later growing period photosynthetic rate was the highest in 3/2 strength of DNF and YCR and was clearly different with the Control, transpiration rate was the highest in 3/2 strength of DNF and 1/2, 1 strengths of YCR. The growth and yield of cucumber, nutrient elements of cucumber leaves except for calcium were more in DNF and YCR than in the Control. Compared with pre-treated loam soil, pH of the soil was low and electric conductivity was high in all treatments, amounts of accumulated phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were much in the higher concentrations per the kinds of nutrient solutions. From the above results, it was considered that the developed nutrient solution has suitability as nutrient solution for fertigation culture of cucumber.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.492-496
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• 2012

Fertigation with drip irrigation provides effective and cost-efficient way to supply both nutrient and water to crop. However, inappropriate management of fertigation systems may cause inefficient nutrient and water use, thereby diminishing expected yield benefits as well as contributing to deterioration of soil properties. In this study, greenhouse experiments were conducted to investigate the optimal concentration of N, P and K fertigation solution for maximum production of oriental melon (Cucumis melo L.) using a response surface methodology, to evaluate an efficiency of nutrients uptake and an effect on soil chemical properties. Canonical analysis of response surface and contour plot interpretation revealed that $108.3mg\;L^{-1}$ of nitrogen (N), $54.8mg\;L^{-1}$ of phosphorous (P) and $158.3mg\;L^{-1}$ of potassium (K) resulted in maximim yield of oriental melon ($2,966kg\;10a^{-1}$). Compared to conventional practice, fertigation increased fruit yield up to 23.0% (p<0.001), uptake of N and K by plant also up to 33.3% (p<0.001) and 15.7% (p<0.01), respectively. These results suggest that fertigation has the advantage of the increase in yield and fertilizer use efficiency.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.84-88
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• 2001

The growth of leaves in field-grown head lettuce(cv. Urake) was compared after conventional application of N-P-K fertilizer or after application of various dilutions of livestock waste solution. Plants treated with livestock waste solution diluted 25 times (Ef. 25) or 50 times (Ef. 50) had greater growth than that for any other treatment. The number of leaves was greater with Ef. 25 than that with other treatments, although the increase was not statistically significant. Total head yield increased by fertigation with livestock waste solution compared to yield resulting from conventional fertilization. Plant tissue weight was increased according to the increase in concentration of applied livestock waste solution. The soil chemical properties, pH, electrical conductivity, $NH_4^+-N$, NO$_3$-N, available P exchangeable Ca and Mg, all increased with the increased application of livestock waste solution. In conclusion, fertigation of the dilute livestock waste solution on the range of Ef. 25 to Ef. 50 could improve yield and quality in head lettuce.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.340-344
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• 2005

Salinity problems are caused from the accumulation of soluble salts in the root zone. These excess salts reduce plant growth and vigor by altering water uptake and causing ion-specific toxicities or imbalances. In this investigation, green pepper cultivation technique using mixture bed of soil and rice hull and surface drop fertigation system was examined to prolong the productivity of salt-affected plastic film house soils. Green pepper growth was better in the mixture bed of soil and rice hull comparing to the conventional soil cultivation. Especially root growth was much better and the root had more thin root system in the mixture bed of soil and rice hull. The better growth of root may be due to the better physical conditions and lower EC in the mixture bed of soil and rice hull where nutrient supply was well-managed with fertigation system. In the cultivation with mixture bed of soil and rice hull, fruit yield of green pepper was significantly higher; increased by 43% in comparison to the conventional soil cultivation. Pepper cultivation technique using mixture bed of soil and rice hull and surface drop fertigation system is expected to be a useful method for maintaining and prolonging the productivity of salt-affected plastic film house soils.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.269-279
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• 2018

The present study was conducted to evaluate fertigation effects of balanced manure nutrients from combined fertilizers on the growth of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and soil chemical properties in greenhouse cultivation. There are 4 treatments for fertigation; animal liquid manure (LM), LM supplemented with chemical ferilizer (LM+CF) to make nutrient-balanced ferilizer, LM supplemented with chemical ferilizer and phosphorus acid (LM+CF+PA), and conventional chemical fertilzer (CCF). Fruit lenth, width, and weight for LM treatment were significantly lower than LM+CF, LM+CF+PA, and CCF treatments. There was no significant differences in fruit length, width, and weight among LM+CF, LM+CF+PA, and CCF treatments. The yield of eggplants per plant for LM treatment (26.2 kg) was decreased by 6% compared to CCF treatment (27.9 kg). The growth and yield of eggplants were not significant different among CCF, LM+CF, and LM+CF+PA treatments. The marketable yield for LM treatment was lowest among 4 treatments and that for LM+CF+PA treatment (26.6 kg) was increased by 8% compared to CCF treatment (24.1 kg). The chemical properties of the soil for CCF treatment, in general, tended to be higher compared to the other treatments. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that the application of balanced liquid manure combined with mineral fertilizer to soil is considered as a good management practices because it improves, eggplant quality and soil properties.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.368-377
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• 2017

This study investigated the possibility of application of the recently introduced cylindrical paper pot seedlings in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivation. The seedling growth, initial rooting after planting and accumulated fruit yield were investigated with the treatments of tray type (paper pot and plug) as a main factor, tray cell number (40 cell and 50 cell) as a sub-factor, and fertigation method (continuous fertigation and fertigation after 35 days sowing) as a sub-sub factor, respectively. The growth of pepper seedlings was significantly affected by tray type and fertigation method showing the highest value at 50 cell plug tray with continuous fertigation, and the effect of fertigation was greater than that of trays. 'Cheongyang', 'Daekwonseoneon' and 'Longgreenmat' cultivar showed all the same pattern in seedling growth. These three-cultivar seedlings were planted in plastic house and in open field in Jeonju area, respectively, and another 'Daekwonseoneon' seedlings raised Yeongyang local area was also planted at the same area. There was no difference in the rooting of 'Cheongyang' pepper at 2 weeks after planting in plastic house. The accumulated fruit weight was not significantly different between paper pot seedlings and plug seedlings in three cultivar grown in plastic house. However, that of 'Cheongyang' pepper showed higher at paper pot seedlings than plug seedlings and the other two cultivar were higher at plug seedlings in open field. 'Daekwonseoneon' pepper yield grown in open field in 'Yeongyang' area was not significant between paper pot seedlings and plug seedlings. In conclusion, the pattern of seedlings growth grown in the cylindrical paper pot was the same as those of the conventional plug seedlings and also fruit yield was similar between paper pot seedlings and plug seedlings even though minute difference among cultivars. These results suggest that pepper seedlings grown in paper pot should be highly applicable to pepper cultivation.