• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.464-468
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• 1999

The effectiveness of current biodegradation test methods for degradable polymers under controlled composting conditions was studied in regards to the test temperature and compost condition. When biodegradability tests for the natural (starch, cellulose, PHB/HV) and synthetic (PCL, SG, PLA) polymers were conducted at temperature levels of 35 and $55^{\circ}C$ with compost cured at ambient temperature, the degradations of cellulose and starch were higher at $35^{\circ}C$ because of the priming effect. On the other hand, degradations of other polymers were higher at $55^{\circ}C$. In the biodegradation test at $55^{\circ}C$, compost harvested right after the thermophilic degradation stage showed higher biodegradation activities than the cured compost for both the synthetic aliphatic polyester (SG) and a natural polymer, cellulose. These results suggest that the biodegradation test conducted at $55^{\circ}C$ with the compost, harvested right after the thermophilic degradation stage during composting, showed the highest biodegradation activity under controlled composting conditions.

• 청정기술
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.223-228
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• 2002

다양한 화학구조를 포함하는 폴리에스테르를 분해성 수지인 셀룰로오스와 비분해성 수지인 PVC 및 PE를 기준물질로 한 controlled compost test와 soil burial test를 적용하여 생분해 거동을 살펴보았다. 이들 고분자의 화학구조가 유연한 지방족 사슬과 에스테르기를 가지고 있는 지방족 폴리에스테르는 가수분해 효소에 의해 분해되고, 방향족 고리를 포함하는 공중합 형태의 폴리에스테르는 상대적으로 낮은 생분해도를 보여주었다. 조절된 퇴비화 조건에서 셀룰로오스가 45일에 70.6%의 분해도를 보일 때, 합성된 poly(butylene adipate-co-succinate), poly(butylene succinate), poly(butylene adipate-co-succinate-co-terephthalate)는 각각 44.0%, 32.0%, 23.4%,의 생분해도를 보여주어 이들 고분자의 화학적 구조에 따라 생분해거동이 많은 영향을 받음을 확인하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.1253-1264
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• 2015

This study assessed the fertilizing value of struvite deposit recovered from swine wastewater in cultivating Chinese cabbage. Struvite deposit was compared with commercial fertilizers: complex, organic and compost to evaluate the fertilizing effect of struvite deposit. Laboratory pot test obviously presented that the struvite deposit more facilitated the growth of Chinese cabbage than organic and compost fertilizers even though complex fertilizer was the most effective in growing Chinese cabbage. It was revealed that the growth rate of Chinese cabbage was simultaneously controlled by phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). Also, the nutrients such as nitrogen (N), P, K, calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) were abundantly observed in the vegetable tissue of struvite pot. Specifically, P was the most abundant component in the vegetable tissue of struvite pot. Meanwhile, the utilization of struvite as a fertilizer led to the lower accumulation of chromium ($Cr^{6+}$) than other pots, except for compost fertilizer pots, and no detection of cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and nickel (Ni) in the Chinese cabbage. The experimental results proved that the optimum struvite dosage for the cultivation of Chinese cabbage was 2.0 g struvite/kg soil. On the basis of these findings, it was concluded that the struvite deposits recovered from swine wastewater were effective as a multi-nutrient fertilizer for Chinese cabbage cultivation.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2002

본 연구는 음식물쓰레기 내에 포함되어진 염분이 음식물쓰레기의 자원화공정 및 최종제품의 사용단계에 있어서 영향의 우려가 있는 점을 감안하여 음식물쓰레기의 자원화공정 및 사용단계에서 염분의 식물에 대한 영향을 정밀검토하기 위하여 수행되었다. 염분의 농도가 퇴비화 반응에 미치는 영향을 퇴비화온도, 이산화탄소 발생량, pH에 의하여 비교 검토한 결과, 염분의 농도가 습량기준 1%까지는 영향이 적었으며. 2, 3%에서 영향이 나타나기 시작하여 6%에서는 크게 나타났다. 염분함량이 퇴비화에 미치는 영향을 고려했을 때 3%까지는 그다지 크지 않아 무관하다고 할 수 있으나 염분함량이 3%이상에서는 유기물 분해효율을 저하시키는 요인으로 작용함을 알 수 있었다. 염분의 영향을 최소화하기 위해서는 염분의 농도를 습량기준으로 1%이하에서 운전하는 것이 타당한 것으로 확인되었으며, 실제 현장에서는 유입되는 음식물쓰레기가 습량기준이 1%이하인 것을 감안할 때 퇴비화반응에는 크게 영향을 미치지 않는 것이 확인되었다. 염분의 농도가 식물의 생육에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 실제 자원화시설인 A시, S시, S구, K구에서 시료를 채집하여 인위적으로 염분의 농도를 0.5%, 0.8%, 1.2%, 1.6%, 2%, 2.5%. 3%로 조절하여, 실험실에서 반응에 미치는 영향을 검토하면서 생성된 퇴비를 이용하여 유식물 실험과 Pot실험을 수행하여 검토한 결과, 퇴비에 따라서는 3%까지 식물의 성장에 미치는 영향이 적었으며, 3%이상에서 영향이 확연하게 관찰되었다. 3%이내에서 식물에 대한 영향이 나타나 것은 퇴비가 미부숙되어 유기물에 의한 영향이 큰 것으로 판단되었다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2016

This study evaluated the fertilizing value of struvite deposit recovered from swine wastewater in cultivating lettuce. Struvite deposit was compared to complex fertilizer, organic fertilizer and compost to evaluate the fertilizing effect of struvite deposit. Laboratory pot test showed that the struvite deposit better enhanced lettuce growth in comparison to commercial fertilizers. It was revealed that the growth rate of lettuce was simultaneously controlled by phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg). Moreover, nutrients such as nitrogen (N), P, K, calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) were abundantly observed in the vegetable tissue of struvite pot. Meanwhile, struvite application led to the lower accumulation of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), chromium ($Cr^{6+}$) and nickel (Ni). In addition, no detection of cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and nickel (Ni) in the lettuce tissue was observed in struvite application pots. The experimental results proved that the optimum struvite dosage for lettuce cultivation was 0.5 g struvite/kg soil. The column experiments clearly showed that ammonia nitrogen was more slowly released from struvite deposit than from complex fertilizer. Consequently, it was concluded that the struvite deposits recovered from swine wastewater were effective as a multi-nutrient fertilizer for lettuce cultivation.