• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.230-236
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• 2012

Shielding the air-gap magnetic field of the electrodynamic wheel below a conductive plate and opening the shielding plate partially, a thrust force and a normal force generate on the conductive plate at the open area. But, as only the variable controlling both forces is a rotating speed of the electrodynamic wheel, it is very difficult to control the forces independently by the speed. So, we discuss a novel method controlling the forces effectively through manipulating a size of the open area. The independent control is made possible by virtue of the feature that the relative ratio between both forces is irrelevant to an air-gap length and determined uniquely for a specific rotating speed of the wheel. Therefore, the rotating speed and the size of open area become new control variables. The feasibility of the method is verified experimentally. Specially, the controllable magnetic forces are used in a noncontact conveyance of the conductive plate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.1010-1017
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• 2013

Two-axial electrodynamic forces generated on a conductive plate by a partially shielded magnet wheel are strongly coupled through the rotational speed of the wheel. To control the spatial position of the plate using magnet wheels, the forces should be handled independently. Thus, three methods are proposed in this paper. First, considering that a relative ratio between two forces is independent of the length of the air-gap from the top of the wheel, it is possible to indirectly control the in-plane position of the plate using only the normal forces. In doing so, the control inputs for in-plane motion are converted into the target positions for out-of-plane motion. Second, the tangential direction of the open area of the shield plate and the rotational speed of the wheel become the new control variables. Third, the absolute magnitude of the open area is varied, instead of rotating the open area. The forces are determined simply by using a linear controller, and the relative ratio between the forces creates a unique wheel speed. The above methods were verified experimentally.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.524-529
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Use of smaller plates to control food intake is a commonly recommended strategy for restricting energy intake, despite conflicting results. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine whether or not three different sizes of plates influence energy intake during a multi-itemed buffet meal in normal weight women. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This was a cross-over study conducted on 37 female participants aged 19-25 years with normal BMI levels. Participants were recruited from Hacettepe University and the surrounding community. On experimental days, participants ate a standard breakfast and were then randomly assigned to eat lunch using a small (19 cm), medium (23 cm), or large (28 cm) diameter plate. Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores on sensory and satiety outcomes were measured for all meals. Energy and macronutrient intakes during lunch were recorded. RESULTS: There was no evidence that use of a smaller plate size reduced energy or specific macronutrient intake during the free choice lunch meal. Multiple visits to the serving table were not associated with energy or macronutrient intake. Plate size did not affect VAS scores during the test days. CONCLUSIONS: Plate size did not influence energy intake, meal composition, or palatability in normal weight women during a multi-itemed open buffet lunch. Studies in natural settings at the population level are needed to clarify current outcomes.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.723-727
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• 2003

In this paper, two methods are discussed for good rolling force prediction in a plate mill. One is about the development of a long and a short learning scheme using a Neural Network for normal rolling and the other is about a mathematical model improvement by considering microstructural changes for controlled rolling. The research results are implemented in a on-line system of Pohang Works in POSCO and the field tests have showed that the prediction accuracies of rolling force are highly improved.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.78-83
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• 2003

Characterization of an ultra precision grinding plate for GMR head manufacturing is performed by measuring frictional forces between the grinding plate and the advanced ceramic Two kinds of methods of producing the precision grinding plates are presented: texturing and micro-channeling. Texturing is effective in terms of production time but micro-channeling excels in quality control. It is found that the frictional coefficient of a precision grinding plate decreases as the impregnation of diamond grain onto the precision-grinding plate progresses, and remains unchanged once the impregnation process is successfully completed, even after 100 revolutions of the precision-grinding plate against the advanced ceramic under 40 N of normal force. Therefore, the measurement of the frictional coefficient can replace costly and time-consuming process of estimating the level of impregnation of diamond grain on the precision-grinding plate, which has been performed by using scanning electron microscope, and be employed as an index to determine the level of impregnation of diamond grain.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.105-126
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• 2016

In the present study, modelling and vibration control of axially moving laminated Carbon nanotubes/fiber/polymer composite (CNTFPC) plate under initial tension are investigated. Orthotropic visco-Pasternak foundation is developed to consider the influences of orthotropy angle, damping coefficient, normal and shear modulus. The governing equations of the laminated CNTFPC plates are derived based on new form of first-order shear deformation plate theory (FSDT) which is simpler than the conventional one due to reducing the number of unknowns and governing equations, and significantly, it does not require a shear correction factor. Halpin-Tsai model is utilized to evaluate the material properties of two-phase composite consist of uniformly distributed and randomly oriented CNTs through the epoxy resin matrix. Afterwards, the structural properties of CNT reinforced polymer matrix which is assumed as a new matrix and then reinforced with E-Glass fiber are calculated by fiber micromechanics approach. Employing Hamilton's principle, the equations of motion are obtained and solved by Hybrid analytical numerical method. Results indicate that the critical speed of moving laminated CNTFPC plate can be improved by adding appropriate values of CNTs. These findings can be used in design and manufacturing of marine vessels and aircrafts.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.140-145
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• 2021

Background: Aconitum sinomontanum Nakai (ASN) has been reported to have analgesic effects. In this study an animal model of pharmacopuncture using ASN (100-500 mg/kg) was examined. Methods: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n = 40) were randomly assigned to ASN-Low (1 mg/mL, 1.8 mL, ASN-L), ASN-Intermediate (5 mg/mL, 1.8 mL, ASN-M), ASN-High (10 mg/mL, 1.8 mL, ASN-H), negative control (0.2 mL normal saline), and positive control (0.2 mL 0.5% lidocaine) groups. All experiments were administered to the rats' left hind leg. The analgesic response was assessed by monitoring the physical (hot plate, and von Frey test) and chemical (formalin) responses to pain. Results: All ASN pharmacopuncture groups demonstrated significant differences in pain response to the hot plate test, von Frey test, and formalin test, compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The response of the ASN-M group and ASN-H groups to the hot plate, the formalin, and the von Frey tests were significantly different, compared to the lidocaine group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: ASN pharmacopuncture had a significant analgesic effect on SD rats in response to physical and chemical models of pain.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.90.1-90.1
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• 2010

The design and fabrication of a metallic bipolar plate-gasket assembly for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEMFCs) is defined. This bipolar plate-gasket assembly was prepared by inserting a previously prepared bipolar plate in the specially designed gasket mold. For this aim, a proprietary fluoro-silicone based rubber was injected directly into the bipolar plate borders. Gaskets obtained like this showed the chemically / physically stable and the good sealibilty in typically operating PEM fuel cell conditions. And also, this bipolar plate-gasket assembly shows lots of advantages with respect to traditional PEMFCs stack assembling systems: useful application to automative stacking due to easy handling, reduced fabrication time, possibility of quality control and failed elements substitution. This bipolar plate-gasket assembly was evaluated in the short fuel cell stack and met the leakage requirement for normal operation both in short-term and in long-term operation. Especially, it was confirmed that this gasket could be applied successfully even in the high pressure FEM fuel cell systems(over 2.0 bar in absolute pressure).

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.221-233
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• 2005

Background and Objectives : Despite of high prevalence, Tinnitus remains obscure because the cause and mechanism is poorly understood. In the absence of a suitable animal model, past investigations tool place in humans. Recently, the animal model with sodium salicylate ototoxicity is broadly used because of its reversibility. Balyangtongum-Tang had been used clinically to treat tinnitus and other hearing problems. We investigated the effects of Balyangtongum-Tang on cochlear morphologic change induced by sodium salicylate ototoxicity and were to find out its therapeutic effects on ototoxicity in rat model. Materials and Methods : Healthy ten Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal(2), control(4) and sample(4) groups. The sample group was given extract of Balyangtongum - Tang(1cc/100g) once a day for 4 days. After 3 hours when last medication were given, the sample and control groups were injected intraperitoneally with sodium salicylate(500mg/kg). We observed the cochlear morphologic changes of rats every 1, 2, 3 and 5 hours after injection. Results : The electron microscopic finding of outer hair cell shows some changes in the curticular plate and cytoplasm. Some vacuoles were found in the control and sample groups. Vacuolization in the curticular plate and cytoplasm of the sample group after 3, 5 hours were similar to the control group. But the curticular plate of the sample group after 1, 2 hours did not from vacuole. On the other hand the control group after 1, 2 hours formed vacuoles in the curticular plate. Light microscopic findings of cochlear duct in control and sample groups didn't find any difference. Conclusion : The results suggest that extract of Balyangtongum-Tang reduces the morphologic changes induced by sodium salicylate ototoxicity and the effects are remarkable in frist 2 hours. However the effective times are different with previous studies, it seems to due to the difference of tolerance and sensitivity of laboratory animals.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.25-32
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• 2001

A passive control method of the interaction between a weak normal shock-wave and a turbulent boundary-layer was simulated using two-dimensional Navier-Stokes computations. The inflow Mach number just upstream of the normal shock wave was 1.33. A porous plate wall having a cavity underneath was used to control the shock-wave/turbulent boundary-layer interaction. The flows through the porous holes and inside the cavity were investigated to get a better understanding of the flow physics involved in this kind of passive control method. The present computations were validated by some recent wind tunnel tests. The results showed that downstream of the rear leg of the $\lambda$-shock wave the main stream inflows into the cavity, but upstream of the rear leg of the $\lambda$-shock wave the flow proceeds from the cavity toward to the main stream. The flow through the porous holes did not choke fur the present shock/boundary layer interaction.