• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2002

심해자원채광시스템은 모선, 양광관, 버퍼, 집광기 등으로 구성된다. 양광관의 위쪽은 모선과 연결되고 아래쪽은 버퍼에 연결된다. 버퍼와 집광기는 유연 호스로 연결된다. 채광시스템의 원활한 운영을 위해서는 전체 시스템의 안정화가 이루어져야 하는데 이를 위해서는 버퍼의 위치를 능동적으로 제어해야한다. 본 연구에서 가장 중요한 부분은 길이 5000m에 달하는 양광관의 동적 거동해석이다. 양광관을 세장구조물로 단순화시켜 모델링하고 고유함수 전개법으로 해석하였으며, 버퍼에 장착되는 추진시스템에 대한 제어에는 PID 제어기법을 적용하였다. 버퍼에 작용하는 외력은 양광관에 작용하는 항력에 의한 반력이 지배적이므로 본 논문에서는 유연호스의 영향은 무시하였다. 파랑 중에서 모선은 저주파수 운동과 동시에 고주파 운동을 하게 되는데 버퍼가 추적하고자 하는 모선의 위치는 저주파수 운동에 해당하므로 고주파수 성분을 걸러내기 위하여 반드시 필터링을 필요로 한다. FIR 필터를 사용하여 모선 위치를 필터링한 값을 제어기의 목적위치로 설정하였다. 이러한 해석을 바탕으로 수치계산 알고리즘을 구축하여 모선의 여러 운동을 상정하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 이러한 수치계산 결과 필터링을 통해 고주파수 성분이 잘 걸러짐을 확인하였다. 또한 버퍼의 위치와 속도에 대한 제어를 통해서 버퍼를 허용범위(watch circle) 안에 머무르게 하면서 전체시스템을 안정화시킨다는 것을 밝혔다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.387-397
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 시공성 향상을 위해 데크플레이트와 비정질강섬유 콘크리트를 적용하여 현장 무배근 슬래브 시스템을 연구하였다. 제안한 슬래브에서는 온도철근을 강섬유로 대체하였다. 본 연구는 연속슬래브에서 상부 철근이 연속되지 않는 경우 슬래브의 상부 균열 제어를 주로 고려하였다. 실험변수로 비정질강섬유 혼입량, 강섬유 종류, 데크플레이트 종류, 연속구간의 철근 이음을 고려하였으며, 수직하중을 받는 2경간 슬래브를 실험하였다. 슬래브의 균열저항성능을 평가하기 위하여 연속슬래브의 하중에 따른 균열폭을 계측하였다. 실험결과, 상부 이음철근을 사용하지 않더라도 합성슬래브의 높은 휨강성으로 인하여 균열을 억제할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제32권E호
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• pp.1-19
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• 1990

Abstract Over the last several decades, crop production in the United States increased largely due to the extensive use of animal waste and fertilizers as plant nutrient supplements, and pesticides for crops pests and weed control. Without the application of animal waste best management, the use of animal waste can result in nonpoint source pollution from agricultural land area. In order to increase nutrient levels and decrease contamination from agricultural lands, nonpoint source pollution is responsible for water quality degradation. Nonpoint source pollutants such as animal waste, ferilizers, and pesticides are transported primarily through runoff from agricultural areas. Nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus, can be a major water quality problem because they cause eutrophic algae growth. In 1985, it was presented that Watershed/Water Quality Monitoring for Evaluation BMP Effectiveness was implemented for Nomini Creek Watershed, located in Westmoreland County, Virginia. The watershed is predominantly agricultural and has an aerial extent of 1505 ha of land, with 43% under cropland, 54% under woodland, and 3% as homestead and roads. Rainfall data was collected at the watershed from raingages located at sites PNI through PN 7. Streams at stations QN I and QN2 were being measured with V-notch weirs. Water levels at the stream was measured using an FW-l Belfort (Friez FWl). The water quality monitoring system was designed to provide comprehensive assessment of the quality of storm runoff and baseflow as influenced by changes in landuse, agronomic, and cultural practices ill the watershed. As this study was concerned with the Nomini Creek Watershed, the separation of storm runoff and baseflow measured at QNI and QN2 was given by the master depletion curve method, and the loadings of baseflow and storm runoff for TN (Total Nitrogen) and TP (Total Phosphorus) were analyzed from 1987 through 1989. The results were studied for the best management practices to reduce contamination and loss of nutrients, (e.g., total nitrogen and total phosphorus) by nonpoint source pollution from agricultural lands.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2008

지능형 교통 체계(ITS: Intelligent Transport Systems)는 기존의 교통에 정보통신, 전기 및 전자, 기계, 제어 동의 기술을 접목시켜 도로 및 교통 체계의 안전 및 운영 효율을 극대화하여 교통 문제를 해결하는 시스템이다. 현재 대량의 교통 원시 데이터를 위해 시스템을 통합하는 문제는 다른 소스데이터 간의 표현상의 이질성 및 데이터의 양과 다양성 그리고 소스의 자동화와 서로 다른 성능 등 몇 가지 문제에 직면해 있다. 본 논문에서는 고속도로 교통관리시스템과 우회도로 교통정보시스템에서 수집되는 이질적인 대용량 교통데이터의 데이터웨어하우스를 구축하기 위해 상용 도구를 활용해 추출 및 적재하는 방안을 기술한다. 또한, 고품질 교통데이터를 제공하기 위한 통합 품질관리 기법을 적용하여 평가 한다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.629-636
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• 2008

현재 기존 철송 시스템에 있어서 문제점인 출발지와 목적지 사이 발생하는 복잡한 작업 프로세스(job process)를 간소화하여 철송 운임비감소와 물류운송의 체계 개선 및 활성화에 기여할 수 있는 시스템으로 DMT(Dual Mode Trailer) 시스템을 들 수 있다. 이에 본 기술의 국내적용 및 개발을 위해 기술동향 조사 및 국내 적용시 고려사항, 국내 적용 접합 모델 도출 등 기술성을 분석하였다.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.149-157
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• 2020

Regarding previously-developed drone simulators, it was easy to check their flight stability or controlling functions based on the condition that their weight was fixed from the design. However, the drone is largely classified into two types that is the one with the fixed weight whose purpose is recording video with camera and racing and another is whole weight-variable during flight with loading the articles for delivery and spraying pesticide though the weight of airframe is fixed. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the structure of drone and its flight principle, suggest dynamics-model-based simulator that is capable of simulating weight-variable drone and develop the simulator that can be used for designing main control board, motor and transmission along the application of weight-variable drone. Weight-variable simulator was developed by using various calculation to apply flying method of drone to the simulator. First, ground coordinate system and airframe-fixing coordinate system were established and switching matrix of those two coordinates were made. Then, dynamics model of drone was established using the law of Newton and moment balance principle. Dynamics model was established in Simulink platform and simulation experiment was carried out by changing the weight of drone. In order to evaluate the validity of developed weight-variable simulator, it was compared to the results of clean flight public simulator against existing weight-fixed drone. Lastly, simulation test was performed with the developed weight-variable simulation by changing the weight of drone. It was found out that dynamics model controlled various flying positions of drone well from simulation and the possibility of securing the optimum condition of weight-variable drone that has flying stability and easiness of controlling.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.385-390
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• 2005

LMTT(Linear Motor-based Transfer Technology)는 항만 자동화를 위한 수평 이송 시스템이며, 셔틀카(shuttle car)와 격자구조의 레일에 부착된 스테이터 모듈(stator module)로 구성된 PLMSL(Permanent Magnetic Linear Synchronous Motor)에 의해 구동된다. 본 논문에서는 LMTT시스템 부품인 이동체(mover)의 경량화를 위하여 직교배열표 및 크리깅 방법을 이용하여 최적설계를 수행한다. 설계변수로는 가로빔, 세로빔, 휠빔의 두께와 높이 방향의 치수를 결정하는 형상변수를 포함시켰다. 목적함수로는 중량, 제한조건 함수로는 안전율이 고려된 응력으로 설정하였다. 본 연구에서 제시된 방법으로 구한 최적해를 민감도기반 최적설계로 구해진 최적해와 비교, 검토하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.461-474
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• 2020

Analysing the incompatible deformation and damage evolution around the tunnels in mixed strata is significant for evaluating the tunnel stability, as well as the interaction between the support system and the surrounding rock mass. To investigate this issue, confined compression tests were conducted on upper-soft and lower-hard strata specimens containing a circular hole using a rock testing system, the physical mechanical properties were then investigated. Then, the incompatible deformation and failure modes of the specimens were analysed based on the digital speckle correlation method (DSCM) and Acoustic Emission (AE) data. Finally, numerical simulations were conducted to explore the damage evolution of the mixed strata. The results indicate that at low inclination angles, the deformation and v-shaped notches inside the hole are controlled by the structure plane. Progressive spalling failure occurs at the sidewalls along the structure plane in soft rock. But the transmission of the loading force between the soft rock and hard rock are different in local. At high inclination angles, v-shaped notches are approximately perpendicular to the structure plane, and the soft and hard rock bear common loads. Incompatible deformation between the soft rock and hard rock controls the failure process. At inclination angles of 0°, 30° and 90°, incompatible deformations are closely related to rock damage. At 60°, incompatible deformations and rock damage are discordant due that the soft rock and hard rock alternately bears the major loads during the failure process. The failure trend and modes of the numerical results agree very well with those observed in the experimental results. As the inclination angles increase, the proportion of the shear or tensile damage exhibits a nonlinear increase or decrease, suggesting that the inclination angle of mixed strata may promote shear damage and restrain tensile damage.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2009

A catalyzed diesel particulate filter (CDPF) causes the progressive increase in back pressure of an exhaust system due to the loading of soot particles. To minimize pressure drop which is generated by CDPF, the filter should be regenerated when it collects a certain quantity of soot. It is important to know characteristics of regeneration of CDPF with various of exhaust gas temperatures and compositions. The oxidation of HC in DOC leads to increase gas temperature of DOC downstream. The increased gas temperature by DOC has an positive effect on CDPF regeneration. This study presents characteristics of regeneration of CDPF with DOC according to various gas composition, such as HC and $O_2$ concentration. The test-rig is used to control each gas composition and temperature during regeneration of CDPF. Experimental results indicate that the increased concentration of $O_2$ regenerates DPF more actively. With increasing HC concentration, the gas temperature of CDPF upstream increased due to more oxidation of HC. But excessive supply of HC leads to decrease of $O_2$ concentration in the CDPF, which makes it hard to regenerate CDPF.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2020

In modern society, the energy-saving problem of industrial vehicles is economically and environmentally critical. Energy savings using the potential energy of forklifts are one of the viable solutions to resolving this problem. The basic concept of this study is to operate the hydraulic motor and recharge the battery using the flow rate from the cylinder when loading heavy objects and lowering the fork. To save energy, the torque and rotational speed of the generator should be optimized according to the load and descent speed to increase efficiency. To this end, we propose a system that optimizes energy saving efficiency by controlling the swashplate angle of the variable hydraulic motor through the GA(Genetic-Algorithm). The results were verified by building and comparing fixed motor models and variable motor models using the AMEsim. The results of the study show that the proposed optimized swashplate angle increases the energy saving efficiency by approximately 6%-8%, depending on the working conditions.