• Title/Summary/Keyword: contextual support

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Architecture Support for Context-aware Adaptation of Rich Sensing Smartphone Applications

  • Meng, Zhaozong
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.248-268
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    • 2018
  • The performance of smartphone applications are usually constrained in user interactions due to resource limitation and it promises great opportunities to improve the performance by exploring the smartphone built-in and embedded sensing techniques. However, heterogeneity in techniques, semantic gap between sensor data and usable context, and complexity of contextual situations keep the techniques from seamless integration. Relevant studies mainly focus on feasibility demonstration of emerging sensing techniques, which rarely address both general architectures and comprehensive technical solutions. Based on a proposed functional model, this investigation provides a general architecture to deal with the dynamic context for context-aware automation and decision support. In order to take advantage of the built-in sensors to improve the performance of mobile applications, an ontology-based method is employed for context modelling, linguistic variables are used for heterogeneous context presentation, and semantic distance-based rule matching is employed to customise functions to the contextual situations. A case study on mobile application authentication is conducted with smartphone built-in hardware modules. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solutions and their effectiveness in improving operational efficiency.

Path Analysis of Factors Influencing Career Preparation Behavior of Korean Nursing Students - Based on Social Cognitive Career Theory (간호대학생의 진로행동에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대한 경로 분석- 사회인지 진로이론을 중심으로)

  • Koo, Hyun Young;Park, Ok Kyoung;Jung, Sun Young
    • Child Health Nursing Research
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.10-18
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    • 2017
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify personal, contextual, and cognitive factors influencing the career preparation behavior of Korean nursing students. In this study, an examination was done of the fitness of a path model for the relationship among these factors based on the social cognitive career theory. Methods: The participants were 413 nursing students in South Korea. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires that included self-esteem, social support, self-efficacy, outcome expectation, career decision level, and career preparation behavior. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and path analysis. Results: The factors influencing career preparation behavior were self-efficacy, career decision level, self-esteem, outcome expectation, and social support. The factors influencing career decision level were self-efficacy, outcome expectation, self-esteem, and social support. Conclusion: The findings indicate that self-efficacy is an important factor influencing the career behavior of Korean nursing students. Nurse educators should consider personal, contextual, and cognitive factors of nursing students and develop systemic career guidance programs to help nursing students' career preparation behavior.

The Association between Coaching Leadership and Safety Behavior: The Sequential Mediating Role of Perceived Organizational Support and Organizational Identification, and the Moderating Effect of Work Overload (코칭 리더십과 직원들의 안전 행동 사이의 관계: 조직 지원 인식과 조직 동일시의 순차적 매개 효과, 그리고 직무 과부하의 조절 효과를 중심으로)

  • Yunsook Hong
    • Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.59-69
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    • 2023
  • Previous works on safety behavior have paid less attention to the influence of several leadership styles on safety behavior. Among the various leadership styles, I focus on the effect of coaching leadership on safety behavior. To be specific, this paper investigates the impact of coaching leadership on safety behavior and its underlying mechanisms (mediator) as well as contextual factor (moderator). This research examines the sequential mediating effect of perceived organizational support and organizational identification in the association between coaching leadership and safety behavior. Also, work overload will negatively moderate the coaching leadership-perceived organizational support link. My results showed coaching leadership increases employee safety behavior through the sequential mediation of perceived organizational support and organizational identification. In addition, work overload functions as a negative moderator which diminishes the positive effect of coaching leadership on perceived organizational support.

Life Experience of Inpatients with Recurrent Breast Cancer (입원 치료중인 유방암 재발 환자의 삶의 경험)

  • Kim, Young-Ju
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.41 no.2
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    • pp.214-224
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: Understanding daily life experiences of patients admitted to hospital with recurrent breast cancer. Methods: The grounded theory method was used for this study. Results: Consistent comparative analysis was used throughout the study to obtain the results. Results showed that inpatients with recurrent breast cancer experience 'a co-existence of life suffering and fear of death'. The causal condition of this result was determined to be 'patient's response to cancer recurrence (acceptance/despair)', including contextual conditions such as, 'previous experience with cancer treatment', 'patient's current physical condition', and 'treatment methods for recurrent cancer'. Intervening conditions, such as 'a strong will to live', 'family support', 'moral support providers', and action/interaction strategies were found to provide patients with 'a strength to live'. Shown in these results, inpatients with recurrent breast cancer were seen to have a simultaneous 'hope for life and fear of death'. Conclusion: When providing nursing services to inpatients with recurrent breast cancer, people must recognize there is a notable difference between individual patients' contextual conditions and interactive strategies. Henceforth, proper cognitive nursing must be provided which encourages patients to maintain a strong will to overcome the many hardships of treatment as well as physical nursing, such as management of side effects caused by chemotherapy.

Error Correction in Korean Morpheme Recovery using Deep Learning (딥 러닝을 이용한 한국어 형태소의 원형 복원 오류 수정)

  • Hwang, Hyunsun;Lee, Changki
    • Journal of KIISE
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    • v.42 no.11
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    • pp.1452-1458
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    • 2015
  • Korean Morphological Analysis is a difficult process. Because Korean is an agglutinative language, one of the most important processes in Morphological Analysis is Morpheme Recovery. There are some methods using Heuristic rules and Pre-Analyzed Partial Words that were examined for this process. These methods have performance limits as a result of not using contextual information. In this study, we built a Korean morpheme recovery system using deep learning, and this system used word embedding for the utilization of contextual information. In '들/VV' and '듣/VV' morpheme recovery, the system showed 97.97% accuracy, a better performance than with SVM(Support Vector Machine) which showed 96.22% accuracy.

Data mining approach to predicting user's past location

  • Lee, Eun Min;Lee, Kun Chang
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.22 no.11
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    • pp.97-104
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    • 2017
  • Location prediction has been successfully utilized to provide high quality of location-based services to customers in many applications. In its usual form, the conventional type of location prediction is to predict future locations based on user's past movement history. However, as location prediction needs are expanded into much complicated cases, it becomes necessary quite frequently to make inference on the locations that target user visited in the past. Typical cases include the identification of locations that infectious disease carriers may have visited before, and crime suspects may have dropped by on a certain day at a specific time-band. Therefore, primary goal of this study is to predict locations that users visited in the past. Information used for this purpose include user's demographic information and movement histories. Data mining classifiers such as Bayesian network, neural network, support vector machine, decision tree were adopted to analyze 6868 contextual dataset and compare classifiers' performance. Results show that general Bayesian network is the most robust classifier.

After-School Activities of Preadolescents, Academic Achievements and social Development (초기 청소년기의 방과후 활동과 학업성취 및 사회적 발달)

  • 김미해;옥경희;천희영
    • Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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    • v.39 no.6
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    • pp.93-108
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    • 2001
  • After-school activities of 817 7th grade children from Kwangju, Busan, and Kumi were studied to determine relations with (a) child, family and contextual variables (b) child's academic achievement and social development. Children were more likely to engage in extracurriculum activites and TV watching than other after-school activities. After-school activities were related to child's, parent's and contextual variables. Child's characteristics related to after-school activities were sex, impulse control, mastery and self-care. family's characteristics related to after-school activities were mother's employment, emotional support, control, monitoring and SES. Region and regional sagy were related to after-school activities. Some of after-school activities were related child's academic achievement and social development. Especially academic activites have a positive and powerful effects on child's academic achievement and social development.

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Analyzing Contextual Polarity of Unstructured Data for Measuring Subjective Well-Being (주관적 웰빙 상태 측정을 위한 비정형 데이터의 상황기반 긍부정성 분석 방법)

  • Choi, Sukjae;Song, Yeongeun;Kwon, Ohbyung
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.83-105
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    • 2016
  • Measuring an individual's subjective wellbeing in an accurate, unobtrusive, and cost-effective manner is a core success factor of the wellbeing support system, which is a type of medical IT service. However, measurements with a self-report questionnaire and wearable sensors are cost-intensive and obtrusive when the wellbeing support system should be running in real-time, despite being very accurate. Recently, reasoning the state of subjective wellbeing with conventional sentiment analysis and unstructured data has been proposed as an alternative to resolve the drawbacks of the self-report questionnaire and wearable sensors. However, this approach does not consider contextual polarity, which results in lower measurement accuracy. Moreover, there is no sentimental word net or ontology for the subjective wellbeing area. Hence, this paper proposes a method to extract keywords and their contextual polarity representing the subjective wellbeing state from the unstructured text in online websites in order to improve the reasoning accuracy of the sentiment analysis. The proposed method is as follows. First, a set of general sentimental words is proposed. SentiWordNet was adopted; this is the most widely used dictionary and contains about 100,000 words such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs with polarities from -1.0 (extremely negative) to 1.0 (extremely positive). Second, corpora on subjective wellbeing (SWB corpora) were obtained by crawling online text. A survey was conducted to prepare a learning dataset that includes an individual's opinion and the level of self-report wellness, such as stress and depression. The participants were asked to respond with their feelings about online news on two topics. Next, three data sources were extracted from the SWB corpora: demographic information, psychographic information, and the structural characteristics of the text (e.g., the number of words used in the text, simple statistics on the special characters used). These were considered to adjust the level of a specific SWB. Finally, a set of reasoning rules was generated for each wellbeing factor to estimate the SWB of an individual based on the text written by the individual. The experimental results suggested that using contextual polarity for each SWB factor (e.g., stress, depression) significantly improved the estimation accuracy compared to conventional sentiment analysis methods incorporating SentiWordNet. Even though literature is available on Korean sentiment analysis, such studies only used only a limited set of sentimental words. Due to the small number of words, many sentences are overlooked and ignored when estimating the level of sentiment. However, the proposed method can identify multiple sentiment-neutral words as sentiment words in the context of a specific SWB factor. The results also suggest that a specific type of senti-word dictionary containing contextual polarity needs to be constructed along with a dictionary based on common sense such as SenticNet. These efforts will enrich and enlarge the application area of sentic computing. The study is helpful to practitioners and managers of wellness services in that a couple of characteristics of unstructured text have been identified for improving SWB. Consistent with the literature, the results showed that the gender and age affect the SWB state when the individual is exposed to an identical queue from the online text. In addition, the length of the textual response and usage pattern of special characters were found to indicate the individual's SWB. These imply that better SWB measurement should involve collecting the textual structure and the individual's demographic conditions. In the future, the proposed method should be improved by automated identification of the contextual polarity in order to enlarge the vocabulary in a cost-effective manner.

Fathers′ Involvement on Their Infant Care (아버지의 유아기 자녀양육 참여)

  • 김영희
    • Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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    • v.5 no.1
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    • pp.43-56
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    • 1994
  • This study examines the father involvement during the infancy period. In order to explore the influence of the father's characteristics, the infant's characteristics and the contextual sources of stress and support on reports of father-infant interaction and paternal responsibility 500 fathers are studied. Results show that fathers in this sample are not regularly involved in the caretaking and the play tasks. The caretaking tasks are most significantly associated with fathers' emotional reaction while indirectly with the first baby, the difficult baby, and the marital satisfaction. The play tasks differ somewhat by their work hours and the marital satisfaction.

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Few-shot Aerial Image Segmentation with Mask-Guided Attention (마스크-보조 어텐션 기법을 활용한 항공 영상에서의 퓨-샷 의미론적 분할)

  • Kwon, Hyeongjun;Song, Taeyong;Lee, Tae-Young;Ahn, Jongsik;Sohn, Kwanghoon
    • Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.685-694
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    • 2022
  • The goal of few-shot semantic segmentation is to build a network that quickly adapts to novel classes with extreme data shortage regimes. Most existing few-shot segmentation methods leverage single or multiple prototypes from extracted support features. Although there have been promising results for natural images, these methods are not directly applicable to the aerial image domain. A key factor in few-shot segmentation on aerial images is to effectively exploit information that is robust against extreme changes in background and object scales. In this paper, we propose a Mask-Guided Attention module to extract more comprehensive support features for few-shot segmentation in aerial images. Taking advantage of the support ground-truth masks, the area correlated to the foreground object is highlighted and enables the support encoder to extract comprehensive support features with contextual information. To facilitate reproducible studies of the task of few-shot semantic segmentation in aerial images, we further present the few-shot segmentation benchmark iSAID-, which is constructed from a large-scale iSAID dataset. Extensive experimental results including comparisons with the state-of-the-art methods and ablation studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.