• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.329-334
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• 2006

Rail clamps are mechanical components installed to fix the container crane to its bottoms from wind blast or slip. Rail clamps should be designed to survive the harsh wind loading condition. In this study, the jaw structure that is one part of wedge-typed rail clamp is optimized, considering strength under the severe wind loading condition. According to the classification of structural optimization, the structural optimization of a jaw belongs to shape optimization. In the conventional structural optimization methods, they have difficulties in defining complex shape design variables and preventing mesh distortions. To overcome the difficulties, the metamodel using kriging interpolation method is introduced, replacing true response by approximate one. This research presents the shape optimization of a jaw using iterative kriging interpolation models and simulated annealing algorithm. The new kriging models are iteratively constructed by refining the former kriging models. This process is continued until the convergence criteria are satisfied. The optimum results obtained by the suggested method are compared with those obtained by the DOE (design of experiments) and VT (variation technology) methods built in ANSYS WORKBENCH.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.07d
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• pp.2456-2458
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• 2003

Recently, an automatic crane control system is required with high speed and rapid transportation. Therefore, when container is transferred from the initial coordinate to the finial coordinate, the container paths should be built in terms of the least time and without sway. Therefore, we calculated the anti-collision path for avoiding collision in its movement to the finial coordinate in this paper. And we constructed the neural network predictive two degree of freedom PID (NNPPID) controller to control the precise navigation. The proposed Predictive control system is composed of the neural network predictor, two degree of freedom PID(TDOFPID) controller, neural network self-tuner which yields parameters of TDOFPID. We analyzed crane system through simulation, and proved excellency of control performance over the conventional controllers.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.121-144
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• 2007

In general, the design of container yard and container handling system on container terminal are focused on operation of shipside than service about chassis from outside(C/O). It is not efficient for chassis from outside. The purpose of this paper is functional assessment of efficient container terminal and for higher performance of container terminal. first, the items which are concerned with container handling at the planning of container terminal are investigated and extracted through the practical data analysis of container terminal. Also, verified problems of planning and present condition through the functional assessment. Secondly, the improvements for container throughput in container yard are proposed and examined the effectiveness of improvements about queuing time of chassis from outside and service time of transfer crane by the evaluation decision model based upon multi criteria objectives.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.493-499
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• 2010

In the sea-floating logistics port called mobile harbor a crane system with the different structure from the conventional above-ground container crane is installed. And, the dynamic stability of whole mobile harbor by the wave excitation is definitely affected by the crane positioned at the top. This paper is concerned with the dynamic rolling analysis of the mobile harbor subject to sea state 3 wave excitation, for which two-step analysis procedure composed of theoretical and numerical approaches is employed. First, the rigid rolling of mobile harbor is obtained according to the linear wave theory. And then, the dynamic rolling response of the flexible crane system caused by the rolling excitation of mobile harbor is analyzed by finite element analysis. The coupled interaction effect between the sea wave and the mobile harbor is taken into consideration by the added mass technique.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.135-157
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• 2002

The fact that Pyeongtaek Port is located ideally at the central point of the Yellow Sea's Economic Zone and it is very close to the metropolitan area of South Korea which occupies more than 50 percent of the total trade volume in terms of tonnage is providing a good prospect of development for the Port of Pyeongtaek. This study examines the perception of shippers in Kyonggi-do on the development of Pyeongtaek Port, giving some suggestions to the Pyeongtaek Port Authority. It begins with a description of the port such as current economic status, statistics on the economy, trade and investment regarding the Port of Pyeongtaek. According to a particular questionnaire survey conducted in December 2001, the major obstacles to the utilization of the port are as follows: a shortage of liner shipping routes, lack of container handling facilities including container terminal, crane etc., and port sales promotion activity. Therefore the port should make aggressive efforts to attract container cargoes to and from China by expanding port facilities, implementing effective marketing strategies, introducing a customs-free zone/free trade zone, and strengthening port sales etc.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.630-636
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• 1999

In this paper in optimal modulation controller for position control and anti-sway of container crane systems is designed by a recursive algorithm that determines the state weighting matrix Q of a linear quadratic performance. The optimal modulation controller is based on optimal control. The basic feature of the recursive algorithm is the reduction of the number of iterations as well as minimization of the calculations involved So in order to obtain a mathematical model which rep-resents the equation of motion of the trolley and load Lagrange equation is used. The optimal modulation controller has been verified and simulated to show that it is robust when a load dis-turbance is applied and a reference is changed.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.84-92
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• 2011

This paper presents the primary conceptual design results of Smart Harbor. As the world trade becomes active, so container cargo volume is increasing constantly. Since the coming of very large container ships, It's necessary that a harbor handles many containers more than before. Therefore, we designed the new concept of SMART HARBOR which overcomes land site problem for port expansion and geographic constraints of very large container ships in harbor.

• IE interfaces
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.270-280
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• 2006

The shipping plan for an efficient augmentation of terminal is NP-hard problem which is subordinate to a shipping quantity. The load location problem and stowage planning problem are two important tactical problems for the efficient operations of container terminals. This paper is concerned with reduction of feasible region in constraints for stowage planning. After designing model which minimizes the number of shifting and the travel distance of the transfer crane, the simulated annealing algorithm is employed to search optimal solution quickly and accurately. In order to apply more realistic approach, the partial restriction through adding hatch is complemented to stowage planning decision problem applied in cluster. A variety of numerical experiments demonstrated that solutions by simulated annealing algorithm are useful and applicable in practice.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.178-194
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• 2010

To improve the ship operation in automated container terminals, it is important to schedule different types of handling equipment to operate synchronously. For example, a vehicle with container receiving and lifting capabilities is used to transport containers from a storage yard to a vessel and vice versa, while a triple quay crane (QC) can handle up to three 40-ft containers simultaneously. This paper discusses the manner in which vehicles should be assigned to containers to support such multi-lifts of QCs by using information about the locations and times of deliveries. A mixed-integer programming model is introduced to optimally assign delivery tasks to vehicles. This model considers the constraint imposed by the limited buffer space under each QC. A procedure for converting buffer-space constraints into time window constraints and a heuristic algorithmfor overcoming the excessive computational time required for solving the mathematical model are suggested. A numerical experiment is conducted to compare the objective values and computational times of the heuristic algorithm with those of the optimizing method to evaluate the performance of the heuristic algorithm.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.159-171
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• 1999

This Paper aims to develop container terminal simulation models for medium and long term decision makings. It first undertakes in-depth survey of literature. finds its shortcomings and suggests some directions for improvement. It then proposes detailed design for the simulation models. Based on this it finally developes several simulation models and applies them to a hypothetical situation of a container terminal development. The results reveal that basic design questions such as length of quay, number of quay crane, size of storage area are well produced through the models.