• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2022

This paper presents a study on the behavior of a bolted T-stub to square tube connection using Thread-fixed One-side Bolts (TOBs) through tests and numerical simulations. It outlines a research work of four connections with focus on the failure modes and strengths of the connection under tensile load. It was observed that the thread anchor failure caused by shear failure of hole threads controlled the final failure of the connection in the tests. Meanwhile, the out-of-plane deformation of tube wall resulted in the contact separation between hole threads and bolt threads, which in turn reduced the shear strength of hole threads. Finite element models (FEMs) allowing for the configuration details of the TOBs fixed connection are then developed and compared with the test results. Subsequently, the failure mechanism of hole threads and stress distribution of each component are analyzed based on FEM results. It was concluded that the ultimate strength of connection was not only concerned with the shear strength of hole threads, but also was influenced by the plastic out-of-plane deformation of tube wall. These studies lay a foundation for the establishment of suitable design methods of this type of connection.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.350-355
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• 2019

Surface energy is an important factor in determining the performance of application components in terms of preventing adhesion failure between thin films. In this regard, numerous attempts have been made to acquire the desired surface energy through chemical treatment or by using micro/nanostructures. However, such approaches are expected to provide extreme values of surface energy, which may not be suitable in achieving the enhanced performance of applications. In this study, we propose a method to control surface energy by using bilayer metallic film heterostructures. We measure the water contact angle of incompatible (Ni/Ag) and compatible (Zn/Ag) metal pairs under several experimental factors, including thickness, time, and temperature. Furthermore, we conduct Auger electron spectroscopy measurements to investigate the atomic concentration with respect to depth after the change in the water contact angle. The experimental results reveal that three parameters, namely, compatibility, film thickness, and environmental temperature, are major factors in controlling the water contact angle. Thus, we experimentally demonstrate that controlling these three parameters can provide the approximate desired water contact angle. This result is expected to aid in the performance enhancement of a wide range of application components, where control of surface energy is required.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

Stick type ignition coil is new development that connect directly with ECU(Electronic control unit), without needing a spark plug cable and distributor. Glass-fiber reinforced ploymeric composites provide the desirable properties of high stiffness and strength as well as low specific weight. Stick type ignition coil jacket is using PBT CF30 resin. PBT CF30 resin is a kind of electric insulation which is a superior engineering plastic that is used to prevent the leakage of the electrical current. If PET receive a mistake of design or excessive force when HV terminal oppress on jacket, it can happen to crack. Local stress concentrations occurring on the contact surface, the contact phenomenon becomes a direct cause to the wear and failure of mechanical structures. When it is cracked, it can allow a leakage of the electrical current. So, in this study, we analyze the contact stress to PBT jacket using ANSYS program, when HV terminal oppress on jacket. We suppose PBT to be Jacket and we analyzed contact stress that happens in PET like PBT analysis method. We compared the use of PBT and PET.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.775-791
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• 2016

The indirect tensile strengths (ITSs) of different cemented paste backfill mixes with different curing times were determined by considering crack initiation and fracture toughness concepts under different loading conditions of steel loading arcs with various contact angles, flat platens and the standard Brazilian test jaw. Because contact area of the ITS test discs developes rapidly and varies in accordance with the deformability, ITSs of curing materials were not found convenient to determine under the loading apparatus with indefinite contact angle. ITS values increasing with an increase in contact angle can be measured to be excessively high because of the high contact angles resulted from the deformable characteristics of the soft paste backfill materials. As a result of the change of deformation characteristics with the change of curing time, discs have different contact conditions causing an important disadvantage to reflect the strength change due to the curing reactions. In addition to the experimental study, finite element analyses were performed on several types of disc models under various loading conditions. As a result, a comparison between all loading conditions was made to determine the best ITSs of the cemented paste backfill materials. Both experimental and numerical analyses concluded that loading arcs with definite contact angles gives better results than those obtained with the other loading apparatus without a definite contact angle. Loading arcs with the contact angle of $15^{\circ}$ was found the most convenient loading apparatus for the typical cemented paste backfill materials, although it should be used carefully considering the failure cracks for a valid test.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2002년도 proceedings of the second asia international conference on tribology
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• pp.415-416
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• 2002

Experiments have been conducted to investigate scuffing mechanism in oil lubricated piston-ring /cylinder sliding contacts. Samples were extracted from actual components to simulate the real contact geometry and other influencing conditions. A standard test machine. with some modifications, has been used for the investigation of the effects of surface temperature load and sliding velocity. preliminary tests were carried out to find the critical temperature of scuffing using gradient temperature under a constant load, reciprocating frequency and stroke. The experimental and analytical results show that a transition from lubricated contact to adhesion, accompanied by the phenomena such as material transfer between the two sliding surfaces, local contact welding and temperature rise, and sharp increase in friction coefficient, appears to contribute to the final failure of scuffing.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.666-674
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• 2000

Large deflection dynamic responses of laminated composite cylindrical shells under impact are analyzed by the geometrically nonlinear finite element method based on a generalized Sander's shell theory with the first order transverse shear deformation and the von-Karman large deflection assumption. A modified indentation law with inelastic indentation is employed for the contact force. The nonlinear finite element equations of motion of shell and an impactor along with the contact laws are solved numerically using Newmark's time marching integration scheme in conjunction with Akay type successive iteration in each step. The ply failure region of the laminated shell is estimated using the Tsai- Wu quadratic interaction criteria. Numerical results, including the contact force histories, deflections and strains are presented and compared with the ones by linear analysis. The effect of the radius of curvature on the composite shell behaviors is investigated and discussed.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1996년도 제24회 추계학술대회
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• pp.183-188
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• 1996

Films and coatings are used for an enormous and diverse set of applications including mechanical, electronic and optical devices, protection at high temperature, cutting tools enhancement and automotive use. Many of these applications require the various properties associated with inorganic and metallic / non-metallic materials; i.e., with ceramics. Therefore, a large number of coatings have been developed and used for a long time in the various fields, especially in mechanical one. As one of the mutual surface actions, the problems of contact stresses are complex. The relationship between load and stress are nonlinear. Besides, the material is often apt to deform plastically under low load. However, analytical solutions exist only for some simple problems. If a material has a complicated shape or inhomogeneous properties, numerical method must be used. In this paper, the analysis of the contact stress of the coating layer was solved, using the finite element method.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2003년도 학술대회지
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• pp.291-298
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• 2003

Recently, load/unload(L/UL) process is applied to a computer information storage device due to its advantages such as lower power consumption, larger data zone, simpler fabrication of disk for no bumped parking zone, and rarer contact between the slider and media. An analysis of the transient motion for the slider is very important to design an air bearing surface (ABS) of the slider to secure the stable performance of the system. During the L/UL process, however, there are several issues occurred such as contact or collision between slider and media. Sometimes this will cause the system failure. In this study, the dynamics of the slider during the loading process are investigated through a numerical simulation using FEM analysis and experiment.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제35권12호
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• pp.1257-1265
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• 1998

Hertzian contact tests were used to investigate the evolution of fracturedamage in the coating layer as functions of contact load and coating thickness by studying crack patterns in porcelain on glass-infiltrated alumina bilayer system conceived to simulate the crown structure of a tooth. Cone cracks initiated at the coating top surface without delamination at interface and crack propagation to substrate. Preferentially the cracks made multi-cracks at the coating top surface rather than proceeding to interface. The cracks were highly stabilized with wide ranges between the loads to initiate first cracking and to cause final failure im-plying damage-tolerant capability. Finite element modelling was used to evaluate the stress distribution. Maximum tensile stress were responsible for the cracking at the coating layer and had a profound influence on the crack pattern and fracture damage in the layered structure materials.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.668-673
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• 2003

A wheel and axle failure can cause a derailment with its attendant loss of life and property. The service conditions of railway vehicles have become severe in recent years due to a general increase in operating speeds. Damages of railway wheel are a spalling by wheel/rail contact and thermal crack by braking heat etc. One of the main source of damage is a residual stress. therefore it is important to evaluate exactly. A Residual stress of wheel is formed at the process of heat treatment when manufacturing. it is changed by contact stress developed by wheel/rail contact. Distributions of residual stress vary according to a magnitude of wheel load, a magnitude of friction when acceleration and deceleration. The objective of this paper is to estimate the influence of wheel motion on the residual stress distribution in the vicinity of the running surface.