• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.19-26
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• 2011

In this paper, we designed Interpolation FIR(Finite Impulse Response) filter and 1-bit SDM(Sigma- Delta Modulator) for small digital audio speaker, which has low power consumption and high output characteristics. In order to achieve high linearity and low distortion performance of the systems, we adopt Type I Chevychev FIR filter which has equiripple characteristics in the pass band and proposed high efficient FIR filter structure. SDM is the most efficient modulation technique among the noise shaping techniques. In this paper, we implemented SDM using CIFB(Cascade of Intergrators, Feed-Back) which is generally used in DAC of small digital audio speakers. The proposed SDM structure can achieve high SNR, high-efficiency characteristics and low power consumption in mobile devices. Also considering manufacture of SoC(System on Chip), we performed simulation with Matlab and Verilog HDL to obtain optimal number of operational bits and verified a good experimental results.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.144-152
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• 2001

This research reviews the characteristics of consumption oriented culture of post modern society and describes the food consumption culture based on the evaluative criteria pattern in eating in Ulsan Metropolitan City. The subjects consisted in 217 full-time housewives and 129 cooks. The evaluative criteria of eating scale with 4 components - the eating atmosphere factor, the preference factor, the quality factor and the table factor- is described and interpreted in the context of consumption oriented culture. 4 clusters were decided through cluster analysis; preference and quality pursuing type, high involvement type, consumerism culture pursuing type and low involvement type. Among socio-economic variables, the evaluative criteria pattern of eating was significantly associated with occupation. The results of factor analysis and cluster analysis proved that the full-time house wives and cooks in Ulsan Metropolitan city showed the propensity to consumption oriented culture in food consumption culture.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.271-280
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• 2021

Purpose - This research aims to investigate the influence of social exclusion on conspicuous consumption. Specifically this research suggested that the influence of social exclusion on conspicuous consumption would be different depending on consumers' psychological characteristics such as internal attribution tendency and self-esteem. Design/methodology/approach - The experiment was conducted to verify hypotheses. 110 sample data were collected from the experiment and SPSS PROCESS Macro was used for data analysis. Findings - The result revealed that the interaction effect of social exclusion and internal attribution was significant. Specifically, social exclusion had on positive impact on conspicuous consumption for consumers with high level of internal attribution tendency. In addition, conspicuous consumption was pronounced for consumers having both high level of internal attribution and low level of self-esteem. Research implications or Originality - The result is expected to expand the research scope on social exclusion and conspicuous consumption, and provide practical implications for marketers.

• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.33-41
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• 2023

This study examines the factors influencing e-sports product consumption among Chinese e-sports game players. We focus on the popular game "King of Glory" and use surveys to collect player data. Our findings show that e-sports product characteristics significantly impact consumption experiences, while incentive factors also influence consumption willingness. External factors have minimal impact. Additionally, souvenir products and festival events are key in driving e-sports consumption. This research explores the consumption willingness of Chinese e-sports players, the world's largest consumer market. Understanding their needs can help companies develop targeted marketing strategies, unlocking the commercial potential of e-sports and promoting industry growth.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.437-463
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• 2013

As polarization and class reproduction between generations are considered to be serious problems in Korean society, increasing number of assortative mating, which means marrying between homogeneous family background, income class, and educational background, is on the spotlight socially. Some worry that the increase of assortative mating can reinforce closure of social mobility so it deepens inequality and limits class mobility between generations. This research analyzes the effects of accomplishment characteristics of husbands and wives and ascriptive characteristics of parents which consist the concept of assortative mating, on income, consumption, and assets those represent economic status of a family. The purpose of this research is to suggest empirical understanding on the role of assortative mating that affect on inequality within generations and income mobility between generations in Korean society. In the result of multiple regression analysis on the effect of assortative mating on income, consumption, and assets, high educational background was the factor that increase income and consumption level as accomplishment characteristics of assortative mating. As ascriptive characteristics of assortative mating, educational homogeneous of fathers was the factor that increased asset level. While accomplishment characteristics affect income and consumption, ascriptive characteristics of homogeneous had significant effect on assets. Thus, it was found that transfer between generations had effects around asset rather than income. In particular, ascriptive characteristics in young husbands and wives aged 20s or 30s had significant effect only on the assets.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.11 s.213
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• pp.17-30
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to explore consumption status of scented textile products and to determine differences in consumption behaviors of scented textile products among subject groups separated by demographic (sex, age) and lifestyle (health concern, fashion involvement, innovativenss) characteristics. A total of 530 consumers who had used scented textile products participated in the web survey for the study. Consumer data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, chi-square test, factor analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and LSD test. In the results, the most often used products were small commodities, socks, bedding, and underwear of hub and flower scents. Consumers considered a product test as the most crucial information source and scent as the most significant decision making factor for purchase. Demographic and lifestyle group differences were found in some of the product types in use as well as in purchase behaviors (total spending amount, purchase venue, information source, considering factors when purchasing). The applicability of the study result to the theory of innovation adoption was discussed. Marketing implications were suggested based on the study results.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.799-804
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• 2005

In this work, the characteristics of train performance of Korean rubber-tired AGT system(K-AGT) are evaluated by using TPS(Train Performance Simulation) and these results are compared to those of other LRT(Light Rail Transit) systems. The performance characteristics of K-AGT was analyzed by comparing the scheduled speed and the energy consumption in case of station interval change and rail track condition change in, the scheduled construction line. In the scheduled construction line, scheduled speed of K-AGT was no difference with other systems and energy consumption was less than other LRT's. In case station intervals are increased, scheduled speed of K-AGT shows similar increasing rate and in curved and graded track conditions K-AGT has no difference in scheduled speed with other systems. As a simulation result by track condition change, when the track which is smaller than curved line of 250m dominates more than $50\%$ in whole track, K-AGT is similar to other systems to the point of scheduled speed and there is advantage in energy consumption.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.57-66
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• 2016

The objective of this study is to find out geomorphological characteristics of historical ruins where people produced and consumed large jar coffins excavated in the Yeongsan river basin using the map of old drainage network to restore distribution network. For this purpose, we chose the 21 consumption sites. The results are as follows. First of all, large jar coffins(relics, 47.6% of total) in the Yeongsan River basin were located in Sampo stream basin, almost all of them were located within the Yeongsan River main stream basin and Sampo stream basin. Also, distance from all consumption site to river was within about 2km. Therefore, it is thought that the all consumption sites are located at the place of the gift of nature that was very favorable to water transport of jar coffins. The results of this study may be used as basic data for research of cultural relics in the Yeongsan river basin.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.5-15
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aims to present individual motivation and channel characteristics affecting omnichannel service use, as well as the effect relationship of the brand factor on consumption value, service satisfaction, and continuous usability based on convenience store pickup service, one of online shopping customers' omnichannel use services. Primarily, this study divided consumption value into emotional value and functional value and examined the consumption value characteristics of omnichannel-based pickup service customers. Research design, data and methodology: A questionnaire survey was carried out targeting 324 consumers having the omnichannel-based pickup service user experience in online shopping in Korea. A confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis were carried out based on the structural equation to verify hypotheses. Results: According to the analysis result, individual motivation affected the emotional value, and the omnichannel characteristics affected functional value. The brand effect influenced both emotional and functional values. The emotional value affected continuous use intention, and the functional value affected service satisfaction. Conclusions: Therefore, consumers' emotional and functional values showed differences in consumption behavior. In online shopping companies' marketing strategy construction for omnichannel, it was confirmed that a differentiated approach is needed depending on the strategic goal of satisfaction improvement and continuous use intention consolidation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.487-494
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• 2010

In order to test the applicability of bunker-A in a diesel engine for small-fishing boat, the investigation of the engine performance and the exhaust emission was performed under various conditions of fuel property, intake air pressure and fuel temperature. It was also performed based on IMO NOx Technical code. At high load, the energy consumption rate of bunker-A was lower than that of diesel oil, and the characteristics of exhaust emission of bunker-A were similar to those, and NOx emission rates of both fuels satisfied the IMO NOx emission regulation limits. The energy consumption rate and characteristics of exhaust emission were improved as the intake air pressure was increased, but these were not improved remarkably as the temperature of bunker-A was heated. However, at low load the energy consumption rate, CO emission rate and HC emission rate of bunker-A were higher than those of diesel oil, but NOx emission rates of the fuels were about the same. In addition, at low load the energy consumption rate and CO emission rate of bunker-A were increased as the intake air pressure and the temperature were higher than normal conditions. Accordingly, it is thought that the use of bunker-A in a kind of test engine is possible at high load. On the other hand, it is thought that more research is needed to improve the combustion efficiency under low temperature and low load condition.