• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.214-221
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• 2008

This study analyzed the survey results of 302 college students from a coed university in Korea. The following three research components were examined: relationships among different eating styles, violation behaviors after unwanted eating, and consumption behaviors for three different food types. The analysis results showed that restrained eating was positively related to emotional eating, but negatively related to external eating. And emotional and external eating displayed a positive relationship. Body shape dissatisfaction was a significant variable in explaining restrained eating behavior. After unwanted eating, the restrained eaters expressed more regrets and stronger determination to diet than the less restrained eaters. The emotional eaters and external eaters responded that they could not stop eating and performed binge eating behaviors when they failed their diet. With regard to food attitudes and eating styles, snacks were favorably related to emotional eating. Fast food attitudes were negatively associated with restrained eating. Preference was the only significant variable in explaining snack consumption frequency; however sex, preference, and restrained eating were significant for fast foods. Finally, vegetarian foods were explained by preference and sex.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.8
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• pp.15-28
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate how gender role attitudes affect clothing involvement and clothing consumption behaviors in young female generation by changing the traditional sex role stereotype. For the research, the survey was conducted for a month from June 15 to July 15, 2009. Data was collected a total of 368 questionnaires from 20's female university students and analyzed 301 questionnaires with SPSS 12.0. The results were as follows. First, the results of factor analysis on gender role attitudes confirmed the multifactorial theory of gender schema: modern masculinity, conservative gender roles, modern feminity based on emotion, gender role openness, and traditional feminity. Second, gender role attitude of female university students was a little conservative but flexible to accommodate masculinity and active in the emotion expression. Third, gender role attitudes had important effects on clothing involvement which was identified into 4 different factors; fashion involvement, clothing interest, performance risk, and social psychological risk. Fourth, gender role attitudes were related with clothing consumption behaviors as like shopping orientation, on-going information search behavior and brand loyalty because of needs for innovation, exhibition and differentiation. Therefore, it was concluded that not only 'androgynous' from modern feminity based on emotion but also 'masculinity' was applied to important fashion marketing strategic tools by statically affecting female consumer's clothing involvement and clothing behaviors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

This study was carried out to investigate the consumption behaviors of environmentally-friendly agricultural products, including satisfaction of purchases. Questionnaires completed consumers were statistically analyzed. Regarding purchase frequencies of environmentally-friendly agricultural and animal products, consumers consumed them 1 time per month. No significant differences in consumption by age, living area, family type, or BMI were found. Exactly 38.2% of consumers preferred to purchase items in the packing amount of 0.2-0.5 kg, whereas 39.7% of consumers preferred amounts from 0.5-1.0 kg. Significant differences in packing amount were found according to age (p<0.05) and family type (p<0.01). However, there were no significant differences according to living area or BMI group. Many consumers made decisions based on the outer packing label (69.6%). Significant differences by age and living area were not found, whereas there was significant difference according to family type (p<0.05). Consumers answered that they purchased products in a general supermarket (24.7%) and cooperative (24.2%). Significant differences were found by age and living area (p<0.01) but not by family type. Consumer satisfaction of purchases scored 3.39 out of 5 points. In conclusion, significant differences in consumer satisfaction were not found according to age, living area, family type, or BMI.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.76-87
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in adolescents' conspicuous consumption, and their attitude toward and purchasing behaviors for the imported luxuries and the famous brand clothing. A questionnaire survey was conducted to 570 high school students in Seoul; 538 were used for final data analysis. Factor analysis, cluster analysis, $\chi$$^2$-analysis, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's Multiple Range test were used for the statistical analyses. In terms of conspicuous consumption, three factors were formulated: brand and fashion orientation, others orientations, and prize and import orientation. Based on the factor scores, three clusters were identified: the inconspicuous, the others-oriented conspicuous, and the brand-oriented conspicuous. Regarding attitudes toward the products, significant differences were found in all attitudes. The brand-oriented conspicuous showed more favorable attitude toward the products than the other groups. Significant differences were also found in purchasing behaviors except the companions for shopping and purchase time. The brand-oriented conspicuous tended to purchase more, spend more money, prefer department stores, consider brand name and customer service as the most important criteria, and use impersonal informations sources when shopping the products. The other-oriented conspicuous tended to buy bogus products the most, use personal information and consider price and others' perception as important criteria. The inconspicuous were less likely to buy and spend money for the products.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.353-362
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the perception of quality-certified children's preferred foods as well as consumption behaviors of nursery directors and parents. Methods: A total of 243 nursery directors and parents of preschool children were surveyed using questionnaires. Results: Parents' perception scores were lower than directors' scores for many of the questions. Parents showed significantly higher scores for food safety standard questions and nutritional fortifying questions than directors (p<0.001 each). On the other hand, directors showed significantly higher scores for questions about products nutrition and safety (p<0.001, p<0.01). When buying children's favorite food items, food additives and hygiene level of vendors were the most important, in that order. Parents' scores for questions on purchasing behaviors of quality-certified children's preferred foods were significantly higher than those of directors'. Further, respondents with nutritional education experience showed high behavior scores. Conclusion: It can be concluded that promotion of quality-certified children's preferred foods is insufficient. The nutrition education group showed high scores for perception and positive consumption behaviors of quality-certified children's preferred foods. It is important to cooperate with nursery directors and parents of preschoolers to further children's nutritional education.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.1-14
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• 1999

The purpose of this study has to investigate the economic distress and consumption behavior changes of urban households. Data for this study were collected from 519 households who have resided in seoul area. The results showed that the income distress was higher than the employment distress. The variavles that influenced on income distress were mainly economic variables, while in the employment distress, social-demo variables were. According to the resets that investigated the changes of consumption behaviors with respect to the dimensions of behavioral consumption, the quantity and price directive consumption changed greatly. Finally socio-economic variables were affecting on consumption behavior through the economic distress directly and indirectly.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Costume Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.82-82
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to examine the purchasing and using behaviors of cosmetics according to women's consumption propensity. A self administered Questionnaire was used and the subjects were 600 women of 20s and 30s in Jeonbuk Province. The data collecting periods were July, 2003. Means, percentages, and frequency were calculated. And factor analysis, cluster analysis, one-way ANOVA, and Chi-square test were done by use of SPSS PC (Ver. 10.0).

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.289-301
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• 2018

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the current status of consumption of energy drinks among college students and investigate the effects of general environmental factors, health behavior factors, caffeine knowledge levels, and perceived stress levels on consumption of energy drinks. Methods: A survey was conducted among a total of 479 college students in Gwangju, using self-administered questionnaires. The questionnaire consisted of items about general environmental factors, health behavior, caffeine knowledge, perceived stress, and energy drink consumption behaviors. Results: 69.1% of participants experienced consumption of energy drinks, and specifically 82.8% of male students and 54.1% of female students experienced consumption of energy drinks (p<0.001). The reasons for drinking energy drinks were found to be recovery from fatigue, curiosity, taste, habit, thirst relief, and stress relief. In addition, 40.7% of participants experienced drinking energy drinks mixed with alcohol, and specifically 48.6% of male students and 27.4% of female students reported drinking energy drinks with alcohol (p<0.001). Moreover, 51.5% of participants responded that they experienced the effects of energy drinks, 31.9% reported experiencing adverse effects, and 41.1% were found to perceive the health risks. As a result of the assessment of caffeine knowledge, the participants showed a high level of knowledge of the arousal effect (77.7%) and the concentration increasing effect (70.8%) of caffeine, whereas they exhibited a low level of understanding of the health problems due to caffeine (32.6%) and adequate caffeine intake levels (24.4%). The higher levels of consumption experience of energy drinks was associated with higher body mass indexes (BMI) (p<0.01), higher academic years (p<0.01), lower levels of interest in health (p<0.05), smoking (p<0.001), alcohol consumption (p<0.05), and higher levels of perceived stress (p<0.05). Conclusions: The risk groups related to consumption of energy drinks among college students were identified as male students rather than female students, students in the third or fourth year of study associated with increased stress levels, and students with negative health behaviors. Therefore, support for diverse health and nutrition education for college students is required along with the improvement of internal and external environments of schools in order for college students to manage increased stress levels due to the schoolwork and preparation for employment and maintain positive health behaviors.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.517-529
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• 2012

The purpose of the study was to implement and evaluate a nutrition education program for preschool children. Applying the PRECEDE-PROCEED model, the nutrition education program was developed and focused on changing beliefs, increasing nutrition knowledge and consumption of vegetables & fruits (V/F) and dairy foods. Subjects were children attending a childcare center in Seoulwho were grouped into education (n = 33) and control group (n = 32). Education group received four sessions of nutrition education during 2011 fall. Both groups completed the questionnaire at pretest and posttest, measuring nutrition knowledge, beliefs, and preferences of V/F and eating behaviors. Compared to control group, education group made significant gains in total score of nutrition knowledge after the education (p < 0.05). In addition, the pretest-posttest changes in total score of beliefs regarding V/F consumption and eating behaviors were higher in the education group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Two groups were significantly different in the pretest-posttest changes in specific beliefs regarding the benefits of V/F consumption and some eating behavior. However, there were no changes in the preferences of vegetables or fruits between the two groups after the education. The consumption of V/F and dairy foods was not significantly different after the education. This study revealed that nutrition education for preschoolers was effective in improving nutrition knowledge and perceived benefits regarding V/F consumption and specific eating behavior. This study suggested that more intensive education is needed to induce changes in eating behaviors. This program can be used in nutrition education of children at the childcare centers or kindergartens.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.1069-1079
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to grasp the value of consumption and the propensity to consume of participants in Golf and to clarify the relationship between Golf's behavior and consumption behavior. For example, the functional value, social value, Repetitive behaviors and other person's recommendation behaviors, which are the sub-factors of resource consumption, planning purchase, impulse purchase, show-off consumption, consciousness and consumption behavior of others, which are subordinate factors of emotional value. The final validated sample was 241 copies and the statistical program used to solve the purpose of this study with this material utilized PASW 18.0. PASW 18.0 was used to analyze the frequency, Analysis, reliability analysis, and multiple regression analysis, the following results were obtained. First, it was found that the value of consumption had a significant effect on the propensity to consume. It was found that the propensity to consume had a significant effect on the behavior of consumers.