• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.715-721
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• 2000

Objective : The purpose of this study is about stroke patients in Seosan. Method : The subjects of this study were 45 patients who were admitted to Hanseo University Oriental Hospital because of stroke. Each patients was diagnosed with Brain CT, sasang constitutional analysis. Results : 1. The rates in CVA was 58% on cerebral infarction, and 42% on cerebral hemorrhage. 2. The sites of cerebral infarction were Basal ganglia, MCA, Internal. External capsule. Thalamus, ect. Sites of cerebral hemorrhage were Thalamus, Basal ganglia, Cerebellum. 3. The ratio of left and right hemiplegia in cerebral infarction was 1:1.6, and in cerebral hemorrhage it was 1:2. 4. The most chief complaints in cerebral infarction, were hemiplegia, dysarthria, facial palsy, headache. In cerebral hemorrhage, their were hemiplegia, dysarthria, headache, dizziness, and facial palsy. 5. Classification of human corporal constitution in cerebral hemorrhage, the most was Taeumin, Soyangin, Soeumin. And in cerebral infarction, the most was Soyangin, Taeumin, Soyumin. 6. The ratio between male and female was 1.25:2 in cerebral hemorrhage, 2.5:5 in cerebral infarction. 7. The most prevalent age groups in cerebral hemorrhage was fifties to sixties. and in cerebral infarction was fifties to sixties. 8. The most common preceding disease in cerebral hemorrhage was HTN, DM. 9. The recurrence rate of cerebral hemorrhage was 16%, and cerebral infarction was 8%. 10. The ratio of recovery in cerebral hemorrhage was 84%, in cerebral infarction 58%. Conclusion : From this study, in cerebral hemorrhage most patients were Taeumin, in their fifties to sixties. And in cerebral infarction most patients were Soyangin, in their sixties to eighties. In both stroke patients, there were more female than male patients.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.365-371
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• 2001

The optimum dosage of quicklime in producing organic fertilizer using livestock wastes vith a greater than 80% water content was analysed. After one day had elapsed to allow for the organic fentilizer to dry, the quicklime dosage and the composition of the organic fertilizer were analysed. Any from done to the organic fertilizer was also assessed. The amount of the quicklime required to stabilize livestock wastes was determined by water content of livestock wastes. For J farm(slurry style) of which livestock wastes have 94.6% of water concentration, less than 3% of total amount of livestock wastes, for H farm (scraper style) of which livestock wastes have 85% of water concentration, less then 4% of total livestock wastes and Y farm(traditional style) of which livestock wastes have 80% of water concentration, less then 5% of total livestock wastes. Generally, in order to pack the organic fertilizer, water containing quicklime0stabilized livestock wastes should be less than 35%. It takes 9 days to keep this water content for the wastes from H and Y farms(less than 85% in water content), and 12 days for the wastes from J (94.6% in water content). According to the classification standard for compost constitution by Higgins, the crude fertilizers from all 3 farms had high grade $K_2O$ and CaO, the middle grade T-N and middle or low grade $P_2O_5$. Stabilization by quicklime is known to inhibit bacterial decomposition of organic matter and the activity of pathogenic organisms. In this study, more then 99.99% of coliform group, fecal group and viable cell count were reduced. Our results indicate that livestock wastes of greater 80% water content could be used to produce organic fertilizer without the addition of a material for moisture control.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.45-59
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• 2007

Background : There are many korean women who have localized fat despite of they have normal or slightly over weight. The relationships of traditional diagnostic method with total body fat and body mass index had been reviewed in other study, but there is no study regarding the relationship of traditional diagnostic method and localized fat. So we designed this study to find out the relationships between localized fat and traditional diagnostic method among Korean high-school girls. Methods : This research was performed in 21 high-school girls with localized fat during April 2007. We measured body mass index, percent of body fat, waist circumference, hip circumference and means of both thigh circumference. Phlegm questionnaire, blood stasis questionnaire, cold-heat questionnaire, Korean eating attitude test-26 and questionnaire of Sasang constitution classification Ⅱ+ have been administered. Results : There were significant correlations between body mass index, percent of body fat and body size. Regardless of body mass index, they had high phlegm and heat pattern. Most of them are classified as Tae-um type person. Conclusions : High-school girls with localized fat had pattern of high phlegm, heat and characteristics of Tae-um person.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.142-153
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• 2013

Objectives : Examined the editing system and the characteristics of "Clinical Formula Science of Korean Medicine" to establish a basis for compilation system of the common formula science textbook for colleges of Korean medicine nationwide. Methods : Comprehended the "Clinical Formula Science of Korean Medicine" published by professor Hyeongok(1911-1987) in 1985 and analyzed its configuration system. Results : "Clinical Formula Science of Korean Medicine" has made it possible to understand the formula systematically by establishing and classifying 24 kinds of treatment method [the three treatment methods of cold-dampness, dryness-heat and interior deficiency and its subdivision, 19 kinds of treatment method (stomach, phlegm, eum, yang, spirit, essence, ki, blood, blood stasis, exterior, interior, half-exterior half-interior, water, wind, cold, heat, dampness) combined with reducing and vomiting] and main formula. These can be considered as professor Hyeongok's own method of classification, which is distinctive from the existing formula science system. Also, it suggests that a Korean medicine doctor should not use a biased formula science that is limited to some schools but apply the formula widely and synthetically because it is believed to pursue perfection in cure if the main formulas related to a physical disorder, pregnancy and childbirth, invigorating and purging five viscera, and Four-Constitution Medicine are added. Conclusions : "Clinical Formula Science of Korean Medicine" is seen as a formula science book which is to be consulted when compiling a common formula science textbook for colleges of Korean medicine by forming a Korean formula science system that is distinctive from that of China.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.57-74
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• 2002

The clinical study was carried out the 31 patients with tremor who were treated in Daejeon University Oriental Hospital from 2 March 2002 to 29 June 2002. The results were summarized as follows. 1. In classification of Four Human coporeal constitution the number of patients So-Yang-In(少陽人) was the most, in the ratio of sex, female was higher than man and in the age distribution the aged over 60 were higher frequence. 2. The 31 patients did not have especially past history and inducing factors. 3. Tremor frequently appeared in extremities but in the case of So-Euem-In(少陰人) tremor frequently appeared in the face. Tremor appeared to be accompanied with dizziness, palpitation, especially in So-Euem-In(少陰人) tremor appeared to be accompanied with anorexia, abdomen pain, weight loss e.t.c. 4. In the case of Tae-Eum-In(太陰人) CHUNGSIMYUNJATANG(淸心蓮子湯), CHUNGPESAGANTANG(淸肺寫肝湯) were used to be busy, in the case of So-Yang-In(少陽人) YANGJUKSANHWATANG(凉膈散火湯) were used to be busy but in the most case of So-Eum-In(少陰人) drug was not used. 5. The rate of treatment was collectively improved. The rate of treatment was higher in the female than in the male and the rate of treatment was higher in short period of the clinical history than long period. But in the age the rate of treatment was not worth special mention.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.169-182
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• 2001

The clinical study was carried out the 33 patients with insomnia who were treated in Daejeon University Oriental Hospital from 17 March 1997 to 12 May 2001. The results were summarized as follows. 1. The ratio of male and female was 10:23 and sleep initiation insomnia and sleep maintenance insomnia were the highest frequence(97%), the beginning of insomnia was frequent at 30s(27.3%). 2. Living accident by mental attack was the most inducing factor and many patients came to our hospital by way of west-neuropsychiatry(55.6%). 3. In admission period most of the patients were within 15 days(78.8%) and Liver-Qi- depression was the main cause and in classification of Four Human coporeal constitution the number of patients Sho-Eum-In(少陰人) was remarked mostly and in distribution of the prescription drugs of growing heart and warming gall bladder such as GUIBIONDAMTANG(歸脾溫膽湯) and ONDAMTANGGAMI (溫膽湯加味) were many, 4. Relatively most patients were well treated(69.7%) and insomnia was mainly caused by Anxiety Disorder and Depression and Hwabyoung and in the age distribution the highest frequence was 30s but we know insomnia appeared at all ages. 5. In distribution of the period of the clinical history was various and within 15 days were all improved and the treatments group of drug and acupuncture and aid treatments etc. and hypnotics was more improved than not used hypnotics treatments group but using hypnotics was temporal. I.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.5-31
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• 2006

Since enforcement of the anti-prostitution law, in spite of systematic setting helping escape prostitution of the women who engage in prostitution that they have had the will lasting prostitution. Therefore, this study aimed to devise intervention plan helping their escape prostitution and return to social by examining individual and structural factor obstructing their escape prostitution The data were collected through the in-depth interview and text. And these were analysed according to coding, constitution of concept, matching, construction of explanation on the phenomenon. The nine women who engaging in prostitution were participated in this study. As a result of the data analysis, 46 concepts and 10 categories were generated. By classification of individual and structural factor, the outcomes of an interpretation were as follows: The cause obstructing Prostitutes' escape prostitution were (1) distrust on the policy of the government, (2) life-script was made by reaction-formation, (3) predestined resignation caused by anxiety, (4) body as capital goods, and (5) the commensal model with pimp. Based on this result, we proposed practical and political alternative plans for prostitutes.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.311-341
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• 1998

The objective of this article is to induce that the conception of 'Qi-jul(氣質) and Qi-pum(氣稟)' was introduced to the Sasang(四象) Constitutional Medicine from bibliographic study on the theory of 'Qi-pum(氣稟)'. The conclusions summerized as followings. 1. In the oriental medicine, qualitative difference of 'zheng-qi(正氣)' among the individuals, the opposing power against a disease, is regarded as constitution. Having been used as 'nature(素)', 'quality(質)' and 'character(氣質)' in the oriental medical book, the word of 'Che-Jil(體質)' was used in good earnest at the end of 'Qing(情)' dynasty. 2. The nature(性) is divided into two, original nature(本然之性) and charicteristic nature(氣質之性) in the 'New confucianism(新儒學)' and the former means a principle(理), is a pure and good thing and used as a conception of universality, the latter is a principle of character and a imperfect imitation of principle(理). 3. It was repeatedly confirmed that 'Qi-jil and Qi-pum' meant the difference among the individuals by the dispute of 'Li-Qi(理氣)' caused by Lee Hwang(李滉) and Lee Yi(李耳) and by that of 'Ho-Rak(湖洛)' in the Ch'o-son(朝鮮) dynasty. 4. Han Sok-Ji, based on Meng-Zi(孟子)'s doctrine that man's inborn nature is good, criticized the theory of 'Qi-pum' which was 'Zhu-Zi(朱子)'s opinion and his opinion about the life(命) was thought to clue to the classification of the 'Sasang(四象)' invented by Lee Je-Ma as Park Se-Dang's theory that everyone has common nature but has different life(命). 5. By introducing the theory of 'Qi-pum' and the conception of life(命) which was understood as a special character by Han Sok-Ji and Park Se-Dang to Sa-sang constitutional medicine, Lee Je-Ma explained the reason why each man who was classified four constitutions, 'Taiyang'(太陽), 'Taiyin'(太陰), 'Shaoyang'(少陽), 'Shaoyin'(少陰), had the different formation of the visceral department(臟局).

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 2008

1. Objectives The Body Shape and Feature is one of the important standard for classification of Sasang Constitutions. In order to evaluate one's Body Shape and Feature objectively we have been developing the Body Measuring Machine. Now we develop the 3D Automatic Body Measuring Machine(3D-ABMM). So we make an analysis of the 3D-ABMM's Accuracy. 2. Methods By using the 3D-ABMM and Vivid 9i(3D laser scanner, Konica Minolta) we have a surface scan of the three objects which are the upper body of the female and male Manikin and a male model. We overlap each scan data using the RapidForm2006 (3D scan data solution, INUS Technology) and calculate the average distance and standard deviation between the same point of each scan data. 3. Results and Conclusions In the female Manikin, the average distance is 0.84mm and the standard deviation is 1.16mm and the maximum distance is 10.68mm. In the male Manikin, the average distance is 1.12mm and the standard deviation is 1.19mm and the maximum distance is 12.00mm. In the male model, the average distance is 3.26mm and the standard deviation is 2.59mm and the maximum distance is 12.75mm. From the results, 3D-ABMM has good accuracy for scanning body and will be a usable hardware of the 3D Automatic Body Analysis Machine.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.30-39
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• 2007

1. Objectives The Face is an important standard for the classification of Sasang Constitution. We are developing 3D Automatic Face Recognition Apparatus(3D-AFRA) to analyse the facial characteristics. This apparatus show us 3D image and data of man's face and measure facial figure data. So we should examine the figure restoration error of 3D Automatic Fare Recognition Apparatus(3D-AFRA) in hardware Error Analysis. 2. Methods We scanned Face status by using 3D Automatic Face Recognition Apparatus(3D-AFRA). And also we scanned Face status by using laser scanner(vivid 9i). We compared facial shape data be restored by 3D Automatic Face Recognition Apparatus(3D-AFRA) with facial shape data that be restorated by 3D laser scanner. And we analysed the average error and the maximum error of two data. 3. Results and Conclusions In frontal face, the average error was 0.48mm. and the maximum error was 4.60mm. In whole face, the average error of was 0.99mm. And the maximum error was 6.64mm. In conclusion, We assessed that accuracy of 3D Automatic Face Recognition Apparatus(3D-AFRA) is considerably good.