• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.435-445
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• 2019

A series of element tests with different drainage conditions and strain rates were performed on compacted unsaturated non-plastic silt in unconfined conditions. Soil samples were compacted at water contents from dry to wet of optimum with the degree of saturation varying from 24 to 59.5% while maintaining the degree of compaction at 80%. The tests performed were shear infiltration tests in which specimens had constant net confining pressure, pore air pressure was kept drained and constant, just before the shear process pore water pressure was increased (and kept constant afterwards) to decrease matric suction and to start water infiltration. In constant water content tests, specimens had constant net confining pressure, pore air pressure was kept drained and constant whereas pore water pressure was kept undrained. As a result, the matric suction varied with increase in axial strain throughout the shearing process. In both cases, maximum shear strength was obtained for specimens prepared on dry side of optimum moisture content. Moreover, the gradient of stress path was not affected under different strain rates whereas the intercept of failure was changed due to the drainage conditions implied in this study.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
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• pp.97-104
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to investigate the strength characteristics of frozen clay. Compressive strength tests were performed on frozen clay with different water contents at various temperatures. The dry density of specimens and strain rate was kept constant. Test results showed that compressive strength increased with increasing water content and decreasing temperature. The increase in peak strength became more significant the lower the temperature for a given water content. The failure mode changed from brittle to ductile deformation with increasing water content and decreasing temperature. Tests also showed an increase in deformation modulus with increasing peak strength, increasing water content and decreasing temperature.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2015

불포화토의 함수비 변화에 따라 유전상수는 민감하게 변화하므로, TDR 프로브를 이용하여 유전상수를 측정함으로써 흙의 체적함수비를 산정하기 위한 연구가 여러차례 시도되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 불포화지반의 깊이에 따른 함수상태를 획득하기 위하여 관입형 TDR 프로브(TDRP)를 개발 및 현장적용을 수행하였다. 개발된 TDRP는 콘, 주면부, 롯드, 그리고 해머 및 가이드로 구성된다. 지반의 유전상수를 측정하기 위한 세개의 전극은 주면부의 표면에 설치되었으며, 세개의 전극은 동축선과 연결한 후, reflectometer에 연결하여 TDRP 측정 시스템을 구성하였다. 체적함수비-유전상수의 관계를 결정하기 위하여, 실내실험에서 체적함수비 변화에 따른 주문진사의 유전상수를 측정하였다. 실험결과, 체적함수비-유전상수의 관계는 프로브의 설치방식에 관계없이 3차 다항식으로 결정되었으며, 시료의 체적함수비와 높은 상관성을 나타내었다. TDRP의 현장적용실험은 현장에서 소형 sampler로 채취된 시료의 중량함수비 결과와 비교 및 분석되었으며, TDRP로 산정된 체적함수비와 유사한 경향을 보였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 관입형 TDR 프로브는 관입심도에 따라 대상지반의 체적함수비를 효과적으로 평가할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.237-244
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• 2020

To achieve a wide suction range, the low suction was imposed on compacted silt specimens by the axis translation technique and the high suction was imposed by the vapor equilibrium technique with saturated salt solutions. Firstly, the results of soil water retention tests on compacted silt show that the soil water retention curves in terms of gravimetric water content versus suction relation are independent of the dry density or void ratio in a high suction range. Therefore, triaxial tests on compacted silt with constant water content at high suctions can be considered as that with constant suction. Secondly, the results of triaxial shear tests on unsaturated compacted silt with the initial void ratio of about 0.75 show a strain-hardening behavior with a slightly shear contraction and then strain-softening behavior with an obviously dilation. As the imposed suction increases, the shear strength increases up to a peak value and then decreases when the suction is beyond a special value corresponding to the peak shear strength. The residual strength increases to fair value and those at high suctions are almost independent of imposed suctions. In addition, the contribution of suction to the strength of compacted silt would not diminish even in a high suction range.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.419-430
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• 2021

Investigation on the compressibility and shear strength of compacted loess is of great importance for the design and operation of engineering infrastructures in filling area. In this study, the mechanical behaviors of Yan'an compacted loess are investigated at various dry densities and water contents by conducting one dimensional compression and direct shear tests. And the elastic compressibility, plastic compressibility, yield stress and strength are obtained from the experiments. Results show that when water content increases, plastic compressibility parameter increases, but yield stress decreases. However, the increase of dry density leads to a decrease in plastic compressibility parameter but an increase in yield stress. In addition, elastic compressibility parameter is found to be a constant which is irrelevant to water content and dry density. As for strength, cohesion and internal friction angle is directly proportional to dry density, but inversely proportional to water content. Moreover, the mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests were also performed to observe the pore size distribution and microstructure of the specimens. Finally, by using results of MIP and SEM tests, the compressibility and strength behaviours of Yan'an compacted loess are explained from the perspective of pore-size distribution and microstructure.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2014

현장 지반에는 점토 또는 모래만 존재하기 보다는 다양한 크기의 흙이 서로 섞여 존재하는 경우가 많다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같이 모래가 포함된 점토에서 함수비 증가에 따른 흙의 유동 특성을 예측하기 위해 흙기둥 붕괴실험과 이를 위해 개발한 입자법으로 대변형 시뮬레이션을 실시하였다. 먼저 카올리나이트에 모래 함유량을 0, 10, 25, 그리고 50%까지 증가시키면서 직경 7cm, 높이 13cm의 흙기둥 붕괴실험을 실시하였으며, 시간에 따른 흙기둥의 형상 변화를 관찰하였다. 모래 함유량이 다른 각각의 흙기둥에 함수비를 40, 60, 그리고 80%로 증가시키면서 총 12 종류의 흙기둥 붕괴실험을 실시하였으며, 본 연구에서 개발한 입자법으로 시간에 따른 흙기둥의 변화를 시뮬레이션하였다. 점토의 함수비와 모래 함유량에 따른 비배수전단강도와 소성지수의 변화를 고려한 최대소성전단계수를 입자법의 점성항에 적용하여 토사 대변형을 시뮬레이션하였다. 실험 결과 모래 함유량이 동일한 경우 함수비가 증가할수록 변형이 크게 발생하였으며, 동일한 함수비라도 모래 함유량이 증가함에 따라 흙기둥의 변형은 크게 발생하였다. 최대 변형은 함수비 80%, 모래 함유량 50%인 흙기둥의 직경이 7cm에서 22cm로 3배 이상 발생하였으며, 이와 같은 흙기둥 실험에서 관찰된 토사의 대변형 거동 및 응력 변화를 개발한 입자법이 비교적 잘 예측할 수 있었다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.139-150
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• 1999

The swelling pressure of a potential buffer material was measured and the effect of dry density, bentonite content and initial water content on the swelling pressure was investigated to provide the information for the selection of buffer material in a high-level waste repository. Swelling tests were carried out according to Box-Behnken's experimental design. Measured swelling pressures were in the wide range of 0.7 Kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ to 190.2 Kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$ under given experimental conditions. Based upon the experimental data, a 3-factor polynomial swelling model was suggested to analyze the effect of dry density, bentonite content and initial water content on the swelling pressure The swelling pressure increased with an increase in the dry density and bentonite content, while it decreased with increasing the initial water content and, beyond about 12 wt.% of the initial water content, levelled off to nearly constant value.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.153-163
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• 2016

지반 굴착에 따른 지하수위 저하로 인해 발생되는 지반함몰 문제는 지하수 흐름에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 한 해석적인 접근이 필요하다. 이 연구에서는 실내 토질시험 결과를 이용하여 유전상수와 체적함수비 상관식에 대한 여러 경험식의 적합성을 비교 검토하였으며, 수치연산을 통해 GPR 탐사를 이용한 유전상수 추정방법에 대해 검토하였다. 사질토 지반에 대해 굴착에 따른 침투해석과 응력-변형률 해석을 실시하였으며, 기존 실내실험 연구결과와 비교한 결과, 불포화토에 대한 침투압을 고려한 응력해석 결과에서 불포화지반의 모관흡입력 값을 유사하게 예측하였다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2003년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.302-305
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• 2003

The electrokinetic remediation tests for natural soil contaminated by lead are performed on unsaturated conditions, in which the degree of saturation is controlled through the changes in water content and the constant unit weight. At the degree of saturation of 70% the small acid range and electrical potential is developed. The changes in the water content are little above the saturation of 90%. But it is increased by 1.7 times at the degree of saturation of 70%. Finally, the efficiency of extraction is improved at 70% than 100%.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.80-87
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• 1997

A series of tests was performed to determine a threshold concentration of water-soluble organic permeant(ethanol) for permeability to be increased in clay and to estimate long-term permeability behaviors, effects of overburden pressure and compaction conditions on permeability in clay. Results of study are as follows ; 1. A threshold concentration of water-soluble organic permeant(ethanol) in clay was about 7O~8O% and its dielectric constant was 40, and dielectric constant seems to be closely related with absolute permeability. 2. Permeability of long-term tests was more or less larger than that of short-term tests. 3. Overburden pressures applied for a long time elapsed have little effects on the restriction of permeability increase. 4. Since water content has no effects of compaction capability when it is compacted with OMC or wet side of OMC, its permeability is to be estimated as same level of dry side of OMC. 5. Clays matured in the humid chamber are increased in permeability 2 times larger than unmatured ones. Thixotropy, therefore, should be considered in the design procedures because field conditions of construction would be quite similar to this..