• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.5-19
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to study the role of life satisfaction, quality consciousness, and religiosity, which are integrated with the TRA Model to explain the switching intention of Muslim consumers to use Halal Cosmetics and Personal Care (HCPC). The second purpose is to investigate the relationship between variables used in this study to provide recommendations to HCPC producers about Muslim consumer behavior in the market. Research design, data, and methodology: The target population in this study is Muslims who live in Greater Jakarta. Data collection is carried out by the self-administered survey method based on the Purposive sampling technique, and the questionnaire is distributed online. The statistical analysis to test the research hypotheses is the Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM). Results: Life satisfaction, product quality consciousness, and religious commitment have a significant effect on attitude to switching but do not significantly influence the intention of switching to use HCPC. Conclusions: Life satisfaction, quality consciousness, and religiosity that represent individual factors indirectly affect the intention to switch to use HCPC. Thus, religious commitment influences attitude to switching both directly and indirectly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.7
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• pp.151-164
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• 2004

This Studies on 20th century fashion was carried out according to the classification of the times as made up Belle Epoque, New Look, Big Look, and Body-Consciousness. Aside from research in literatures, research into 20th fashion also include the analysis of photo had been taken from various collection. The enlargement beauty of costume had been place under the aesthetic category and, by interpreting the analogies of presented in aesthetic consciousness. the true nature of the voluminous enlargement in costume had been traced. To conclude, this study finds there are between the aesthetic characteristic differences in the aesthetic consciousness of the costumes in history and the present-day fashion. The aesthetic consciousness of the voluminous enlargement of the present-day was found to have the following characteristic ; (1) History-oriented tradition (2) Metaphorica autonomous (3) Freedom of breaking with restriction (4) Dismantling the irregularity (5) Hedonistic play instinct (6) Psychological compensation (7) Sexual sensuality (8) Ideal of the times (9) Aesthetic ornament (10) Feeling of satisfaction through self-enlargement. From list above. metaphorical sensuality, aesthetic ornament and the feeling of satisfaction driven by Self-Enlargement are the same characteristics found in the aesthetics consciousness of the voluminous enlargement of the costume In history in that they are the aesthetic consciousness above time and space. It is metaphorical sensuality which transform woman's body in to distorted images as influenced by both capitalism and materialism in the last 20 years. These are represented by the sadomasochistic and fetish images as the woman's metaphorical voluminous enlargement is apparently becoming more positive, radical and obscene especially in terms of expression.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.85-97
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• 2018

For a further understanding of the Chinese consumer, this study investigated 1) the effects of aesthetic consciousness on make-up attitude, and 2) the differences in the effect of aesthetics consciousness on make-up attitude among age groups. An online survey was conducted on female consumers belonging to the post-80s and 90s generations, living in Xian China. SPSS 24.0 and Amos 18.0 was used for data analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis for the research variables were performed and three factors of aesthetic consciousness (social relations consideration, internal consideration, and external consideration), and four factors of make-up attitude (psychological pleasure, self-satisfaction, consciousness of others, and tool of transformation) were identified. The results from the model test were : 1) aesthetics consciousness was found to vary depending on make-up attitude. Social relations consideration had a positive effects on psychological pleasure, self-satisfaction, and tool of transformation. Internal consideration had a positive effect on self-satisfaction and tool of transformation, and a negative effect on psychological pleasure. External consideration had positive effects on all four factors of make-up attitude. 2) In the post-80s participants, social relations consideration and external consideration had positive effects on all four factors of make-up attitude. Internal consideration s had a negative effect on consciousness of others and a positive effect on tool of transformation. In the post-90s participants, social relations consideration had positive effects on psychological pleasure, self-satisfaction, and tool of transformation. Internal consideration had positive effects on psychological pleasure and self-satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.452-466
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• 2013

The Silla Dynasty was an open society and was an independent, creative, brilliant culture built on diverse cultures and values. Transforming from the Silla Dynasty to the Unified Silla, it unified the culture of the Three Kingdoms into one. It also displayed unique clothes that adapted new foreign elements into rich clothes forms unlike previous styles. This study first classifies the aesthetic consciousness of the Silla Dynasty by exploring the beauty of the Silla Dynasty realized through artifacts, books, and records in the Silla Dynasty and defines the each characteristic of the aesthetic consciousness. Second, it highlights the independency of Korean beauty through an investigation of how the aesthetic consciousness form appeared through these new appearances in the aesthetic consciousness of Silla Dynasty clothes. The results of the study show that the aesthetic consciousness of the Silla Dynasty can be inferred through Silla Dynasty artifacts, literature, sensuous beauty, and records that were classified into random natural beauty, humorous beauty, and decorative technical beauty. The Silla Dynasty aesthetic consciousness and aesthetic consciousness appeared in Silla Dynasty clothes based on the aesthetics of authenticity that created the honest and simple aesthetic moving of the early natural aesthetic sense of the Silla Dynasty. Silla Dynasty clothes are found to have transformed into an ornamental aesthetic consciousness of a sensual and decorative aesthetic consciousness in a Unified Silla.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.59-73
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• 2017

This study examined the effects of media exposure and involvement on objectified body consciousness and appearance management behaviors. The subjects were 325 female university students in Daejeon and Chungnam Province. The research method was a survey, and the questionnaire was composed of media exposure and involvement, objectified body consciousness, appearance management behaviors, and subjects' demographic characteristics. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, factor analysis, and regression analysis using SPSS program. The results were as follows. First, female university students used mass media for about 3.76 hours a day and showed a high level of media involvement. Second, three factors (body surveillance, body shame, and appearance control belief) emerged regarding objectified body consciousness with female university students showing a high level of objectified body consciousness. Third, six factors (make-up, plastic surgery, weight control, fashion, hair, and skin care) emerged regarding appearance management behaviors with female university students showing high intention to perform various appearance management behaviors. Fourth, media exposure and involvement had important effects on objectified body consciousness and appearance management behaviors, and media involvement was a more important variable than media exposure. Fifth, objectified body consciousness had important effects on appearance management behaviors. Body shame had more important effects on skin care, weight control, and plastic surgery behaviors, while body surveillance had more important effects on fashion, make-up, and hair management behaviors than other objectified consciousness factors. The implication of this study was that media involvement is a more important variable affecting objectified body consciousness and appearance management behaviors than media exposure, and among objectified body consciousness dimensions, body shame has important effects on more active appearance management behaviors like weight control and plastic surgery behaviors.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.411-430
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to identify the antecedents and consequence of role-relaxed consumption. Consumption-related variables were considered as antecedents, and fashion-related variable was considered as a consequence. Hedonic consumption, impulse buying, value consciousness, and brand sensitivity were included as consumption-related variables and fashion consciousness was included as a fashion-related variable. It was hypothesized that hedonic consumption, impulse buying, value consciousness, and brand sensitivity influence rolerelaxed consumption and then influence fashion consciousness. Data were gathered by surveying university students in Seoul, using convenience sampling. Two hundred twenty seven questionnaires were used in the statistical analysis, exploratory factor analysis using SPSS and confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis using AMOS. While hedonic consumption, impulse buying, value consciousness, and brand sensitivity were uni-dimensions, role-relaxed consumption and fashion consciousness were multi-dimensions. Factor analysis of role-relaxed consumption revealed two dimensions, 'self-centered decision making' factor and 'importance of intrinsic value' factor. In addition, factor analysis of fashion conscious revealed three dimensions, 'individualism' factor, 'dressing style' factor, and 'appearance' factor. Tests of the hypothesized path show that impulse buying and brand sensitivity negatively influence 'self-centered decision making' and that hedonic consumption and value consciousness negatively influence 'importance of intrinsic value'. While 'self-centered decision making'negatively influence 'dressing style' and 'appearance, 'importance of intrinsic value' negatively influences all factors of fashion consciousness. The implications of these findings and suggestions for future study are also discussed.

• Philosophy of Education
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• no.39
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• pp.191-221
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• 2009

The aim of this study is to analyse of elements and structure of consciousness theory in the 1887 Psychology written by John Dewey, and to research its educational implications. Conclusions are as follows: Firstly, consciousness theory articulated in first edition of Dewey's Psychology was influenced by neo-Hegelian G. S. Hall, and then characteristics of its theory was metaphysical and idealistic. But after of researching the work of William James, his approach to consciousness changed surprisingly from idealistic to experimental. His experimental approach and scientific attitude to it influenced the formation and development of advanced theories in his epistemology, axiology and pedagogy. Secondly, the structure of consciousness expressed by Dewey has three forms such as knowledge, feeling and will(or volition). This forms are too dynamic and unitary. Dewey considered cognition, feeling, will to be integral functions of each self. The tripartite functions of self, moreover, are unified in will. In other word, will combines subjective feeling and objective knowledge as one self. Will regulates impulse because it powers some stimulus into activity of self. In this view point, his theory of consciousness differs from traditional theories about consciousness for emphasizing dynamic relations and functions. Thirdly, Dewey's theory of consciousness will give some important implications to educational field. It is necessary to fundamental arguments about conscious conditions of learners as a human. For it is impossible to establish some aim of learning, to organize meaningful contents of learning, and also to create some effective methods of learning without consideration of this conditions. And it is important to construct and organize the contents and methods of learning for widening and deepening of educational experiences. Then consciousness and experiences of learners interact each other, so then they will produce some meaningful results of learning in this process.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.299-310
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• 2018

This study examined the significance of the crew's professional consciousness and sought to clarify the differences in the professional consciousness of crew by considering biographical characteristics of the crew and onboard working situations, which were expected to influence the professional consciousness of crew. The empirical analysis showed the crew's individual characteristics such as age, marital status, position in ship organization and nationality significantly influenced professional consciousness. The comparison in the differences of professional consciousness level among crew's nationalities showed that the professional consciousness of Filipino crew was the highest, and in the descending order of Indonesia, Myanmar, Chinese, and South Korea. The analysis results of other variables of on-board working characteristics showed that as crew's satisfaction of welfare increased, crew's professional consciousness increased, whereas the feeling of isolation from home and society had a statistically significant negative (-) impact on crew's professional consciousness. Furthermore, the analysis of multinational crew manning characteristics stated that cross-cultural acceptance did not have a statistically significant impact on the crew's professional consciousness, while cross-cultural adaptability had a statistically significant impact. This study emphasize the importance of the crew's professional consciousness and suggest how to enhance it, which allows crew to continue their career with the charm and pride of their profession.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.284-289
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine the consciousness of residents and managers in multi-family housing management. Research methods used in this study were survey, field study. The parts of evaluation tool are composed of maintenance, operating management, residential life management. The evaluation tool of questionnaire got contents through documents research. This study indicates; first, residents' evaluation about the degree of satisfaction was totally lower than its importance. Specially, perception on residential life management was lowest. Second, it seems that managers assume indifferent attitude toward management works. It was caused by low pay, inferior work environment, and residents' exceeding interferences. In future, such efforts as residents participation, improvements of managerial work environment are required for the housing management efficiency.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.29-40
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• 2003

The purpose of this study were to enhance the gender equality in rural area through develop Gender Equality Consciousness Improvement Education Program for rural couples. For these purposes, procedures conducted and results were as follows; 1) This study was conducted through the literature review and research data for gender equality of people in rural area. Based on the review and research data, It was developed gender equality consciousness improvement education program and evaluated sex-role complex through structured questionnaires. 2) This program was consisted of 4 sessions, namely, understanding on the concept and necessarity of gender equality, understanding on the man and woman, gender equality consciousness evaluation, and establishing on the equal man and woman role in rural community. Using program materials for educators, this program will be used effectively by professional worker in rural community.