• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.159-167
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• 2004

To realize the above concepts of underground space, several underground facilities are concentrated upon and around subway stations in harmony with underground pedestrian walkways. As a result, the reduction of transit time and pedestrian distance make it easy to get to an object. In this study, underground space is considered not just as pedestrian walkways, but as space for various activities and as a positive element in connection with its circumstances. The purpose of the study is to understand underground space's elements and develop more aesthetic and efficient design of the space to give mental composure and familiarity to users. The development of underground connection space is one of the methods to improve the quality of the whole downtown area. This paper studied the general characteristics of connection space and space improvements after spot inspections and suggested several aspects useful for substantial design as essential data for development of underground connection space.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.345-352
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• 2001

Recent destructive seismic events demonstrated the importance of mitigating human casualties and serious property damages in design and construction of structures. The Korean Bridge Design Specifications (1992) adopted seismic design requirements based on the AASHTO specification, and minor modification was made in 2000. The longitudinal steel connection of reinforced concrete bridge column is sometimes practically unavoidable. The longitudinal reinforcement details affect seisimc performance such as flexural failure and shear failure. This research aims to develop longitudinal steel connection details with confinement steel by experimental study for seismic performance of reinforced concrete bridge columns. Quasi-static test under three different axial load levels was conducted for 12 spiral column specimens. All the column specimens had the same aspect ratio of 3.5. The column specimens were transversely reinforced with spiral and with five different longitudinal steel connection. The final objective of this study is to suggest appropriate longitudinal reinforcement connection details for the limited ductility design concept and improve construction quality.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.3-14
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to discuss the planning direction of educational spaces to support children's healthy and creative learning based on bio_philic theory. This study analyzed the characteristics of the application of biophilic patterns in children's education space through case analysis. The conclusion of this study is summarized as follows. As a result of the analysis of children's classroom space, the pattern of 'A(Visual connection with nature), F(Dynamic & Diffuse Light), K(Prospect)' shows high application rate, but the pattern of 'C(Non-Rhythmic Sensory Stimuli), G(Connection with Natural Systems), I(Material Connection with Nature)' shows low application rate. In particular, there is a lack of connection with patterns such as hearing, smell, touch, taste stimulation and water experience, and curiosity through exploration of nature about 'B(Non-visual connection with nature), E(Presence of Water), N(Risk/Peril)' changes in nature and ecosystem. In the corridor and rest space, the pattern of 'A(Visual connection with nature), D(Thermal & Airflow Variability), F(Dynamic & Diffuse Light), G(Connection with Natural Systems), K(Prospect)' shows high application rate, but 'B(Non-visual connection with nature)' shows low application rate. In addition, the application of patterns related to the stimulation of curiosity through direct exploration of nature and the exploration of the patterns of 'E(Presence of Water), N(Risk/Peril)' is insufficient. Therefore, in the case of classroom spaces, the active use of nature as it is should be considered within the scope that does not cause visual confusion, and it should provide an area that can be experienced through the five senses. And corridors and rest spaces should be designed to introduce more active natural elements as spaces to recover stress caused by learning. In other words, the characteristics of children's education facilities need to be connected between classroom space, corridor, rest space and external space. This study is meaningful in that it analyzes and derives the application characteristics of 'biophilic design' which affects the 'Attention Restoration' of children's educational spaces through foreign cases.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.511-520
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• 2012

상 하부 스플릿 T 접합부는 부분강접 접합부의 한 형태로 접합부에 사용된 T-stub의 두께 및 고력볼트 게이지 거리 변화에 따라서 충분한 휨강도를 갖는다. 뿐만 아니라 상 하부 스플릿 T 접합부는 강재의 종류, 보 및 기둥의 규격, 접합부 형상 등의 조합에 의하여 보통모멘트골조 혹은 특수모멘트골조에 적용 가능한 충분한 연성능력을 갖는 내진접합부로 설계 및 시공 된다. 그러나 이러한 상 하부 스플릿 T 접합부에 대한 국내의 연구는 아직 미흡한 상황이며 적합한 설계식의 제안도 이루어지고 있지 않다. 그러므로 상 하부 스플릿 T 접합부의 국내 적용을 위해서는 많은 실험 및 해석적 연구가 필요한 상황이다. 따라서 이 연구는 FEMA의 상 하부 스플릿 T 접합부에 대한 설계식을 검토하고 국내의 적용 가능성을 타진하고자 진행하였다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.271-277
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• 2017

PURPOSE. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of implant connection design (external vs. internal) on the fit discrepancy and torque loss of zirconia and titanium abutments. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Two regular platform dental implants, one with external connection ($Br{\aa}nemark$, Nobel Biocare AB) and the other with internal connection (Noble Replace, Nobel Biocare AB), were selected. Seven titanium and seven customized zirconia abutments were used for each connection design. Measurements of geometry, marginal discrepancy, and rotational freedom were done using video measuring machine. To measure the torque loss, each abutment was torqued to 35 Ncm and then opened by means of a digital torque wrench. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and t-test at ${\alpha}=0.05$ of significance. RESULTS. There were significant differences in the geometrical measurements and rotational freedom between abutments of two connection groups (P<.001). Also, the results showed significant differences between titanium abutments of internal and external connection implants in terms of rotational freedom (P<.001). Not only customized internal abutments but also customized external abutments did not have the exact geometry of prefabricated abutments (P<.001). However, neither connection type (P=.15) nor abutment material (P=.38) affected torque loss. CONCLUSION. Abutments with internal connection showed less rotational freedom. However, better marginal fit was observed in externally connected abutments. Also, customized abutments with either connection could not duplicate the exact geometry of their corresponding prefabricated abutment. However, neither abutment connection nor material affected torque loss values.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2014

국내에서 진행되는 전단 접합부 상세 설계 프로세스를 고찰한 결과 구조 설계자와 제작도면 작성자 및 제작자간의 상호 정보 교류에 많은 문제점이 있으며, 작업 진행상에서도 불필요한 업무들이 존재하는 것으로 파악되었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 이러한 접합부 상세 설계시 문제점을 개선하기 위해 구조설계자가 접합부 구조설계부터 최종 도면화 작업까지를 일괄적으로 관리할 수 있는 개선된 설계프로세스를 제안하였으며, 이를 위해 강구조건축 접합부 표준상세 지짐의 내용을 활용하여 접합부 설계에 표준화 및 전산화를 도입할 수 있도록 하였다. 이를 통하여 구조적 안전성과 제작 및 시공성이 확보된 접합상세를 효율적으로 설계 및 도면화 할 수 있으며 기존 설계 프로세스에서 야기될 수 있는 문제점을 근본적으로 차단할 수 있었다.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2003

Most engineering products contain more than one component. Failure occurs either at the connection itself or in the component at the point of attachment of the connection in many engineering structures. The allocation and design of connections such as bolts, spot-welds, adhesive etc. usually play an important role in the structure of multi-components. Topology optimization of connection component provides more practical solution in design of multi-component connection system. In this study, a topology optimization based on density distribution approach has been applied to optimal location of fasteners such as T-shape, L-shape and multi-component connection system. From the results, it was verified that the number of iteration was reduced, and the optimal topology was obtained very similarly comparing with ESO method. Therefore, it can be concluded that the density distribution method is very suitable for topology optimization of multi-component structures.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.473-486
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• 2023

A through-railway bridge with an inclined girder has recently been applied to optimize the cross-section of a slender bridge structure in railway bridges. To achieve the additional cross-section optimization effect by the bolted end-plate connection, it is necessary to investigate the application of the bolted end-plate tension connection between the inclined girder and the crossbeam. This basic study was conducted on the application of the bolted end-plate moment connection of crossbeams to half-through girders with inclined webs. The combined behavior of vertical deflection and rotational behavior was observed due to the effect of the web inclination in the inclined girder where the steel crossbeam was connected to the girder by the bolted end-plate moment connection. Therefore, in the experiment, the deflection of the inclined girder was 1.77-2.93 times greater than that of the vertical girder but the lateral deflection of the inclined girder was 0.4 times less than that of the vertical girder. Moreover, the tensile stress of the upper bolts in the inclined girder with low crossbeams was clearly 0.81 times lower than that of the vertical girder. According to the results, the design formula for vertical girders does not reflect the influence of the web inclination. Therefore, this study proposed the design procedures for the inclined girder to apply the bolted end-plate moment connection of the crossbeam to the inclined girder by reflecting the design change factors according to the effect of the web inclination.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.253-269
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• 2014

Among the various alternatives to make a steel tubular member connection, making a slotted and gusset plate welded connection is one of the most frequently preferred alternatives. This type of connection is essentially an end connection that is made by slotting the tube longitudinally, inserting the gusset plate and then placing longitudinal fillet welds at the tube-to-plate interface. In this paper an experimental study on the behaviour of such connections in stainless steel is presented. 24 specimens were tested under concentrically applied axial tensile forces for varying tube-to-gusset plate weld lengths. Both circular and box section members were considered in the test program. Load-deformation curves were obtained and comparisons were made in terms of strength and ductility. The results obtained from the study were then critically examined and compared with currently available design guidance for slotted gusset plate welded tubular end connections. It is noted that no specific rules exist in international specifications on structural stainless steel which cover the design of such connections. Therefore, the results of this study are compared with the existing design rules for carbon steel.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.781-786
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 캐패시터가 주기적으로 병렬 연결된 전송선로를 이용한 높은 분배 비율을 갖는 비대칭 분배기의 설계와 성능을 제안하였다. 높은 분배 비율을 갖는 분배기에서 요구되는 높은 임피던스 값은 마이크로스트립 선로로 구현 가능한 값으로 제한하였고, 낮은 임피던스 값은 캐패시터가 주기적으로 병렬 연결된 전송선로를 이용하여 설계하였다. 이러한 설계 방법은 선로 임피던스 값이 $10{\Omega}$ 이하의 전송선로를 마이크로 스트립으로 구현 가능하게 하였다. 이러한 설계 방법을 증명하기 위해서 중심주파수 1 GHz이고, 분배 비율이 10:1인 비대칭 분배기를 구현하였으며, 그 결과는 시뮬레이션과 1dB 이내에서 일치함을 보였다.