• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.19-32
• /
• 2013

Cracking at low temperatures is one of the frequently observed modes of failure in asphalt concretes. In this investigation, fracture tests were performed on cracked asphalt concrete subjected to pure mode I and pure mode II loading at different subzero temperatures. An improved semi-circular bend (SCB) specimen containing a vertical crack was used to conduct the experiments. The SCB specimens produced from the gyratory compacted cylindrical samples were compressively loaded, and critical stress intensity factors, $K_{If}$ and $K_{IIf}$, were then calculated using peak loads obtained from the tests. The experimental results showed that with decreasing the temperature, mode I and mode II critical stress intensity factors increased first but below a certain temperature they both decreased. It was also found that at a fixed temperature, the mode II fracture resistance of the asphalt concrete was higher than its mode I fracture resistance.

• Advances in concrete construction
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.145-162
• /
• 2014

In this study, the fracture toughness $K_{IC}$ of high performance concrete (HPC) was determined by conducting three-point bending tests on eighty notched HPC beams of $500mm{\times}100mm{\times}100mm$ at high temperatures up to $450^{\circ}C$ (hot) and in cooled-down states (cold). When the concrete beams exposed to high temperatures for 16 hours, both thermal and hygric equilibriums were generally achieved. $K_{IC}$ for the hot concrete sustained a monotonic decrease tendency with the increasing temperature, with a sudden drop at $105^{\circ}C$. For the cold concrete, $K_{IC}$ sustained a two-stage decrease trend, dropping slowly with the heating temperature up to $150^{\circ}C$ and rapidly thereafter. The fracture energy-based fracture toughness $K_{IC}$' was found to follow similar decrease trends with the heating temperature. The weight loss, the fracture energy and the modulus of rapture were also evaluated.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 추계 학술발표회 제16권2호
• /
• pp.121-124
• /
• 2004

In this paper, a series of fracture tests are performed for the chemically prestressed steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) manufactured with addition of expansive additives for the study of fracture behavior and characteristics. Cracking loads of the chemically prestressed SFRC are greater than that of normal concrete and those are also increased by increasing of steel fiber volume. Thus, it is necessary to obtain optimum steel fiber volume to induce chemically prestressing effectively to concrete members. The result of three-points bending tests shows that early-cracking resistance of the chemically prestressed SFRC is increased without increase of fracture energy. From the test, the tension softening curves are also obtained by poly-linear approximation method and simulated behaviors by using the determined tension softening curves agree with experimental results. And it is confirmed that cracking and ultimate behaviors of chemically prestressed SFRC can be predicted by using obtained fracture characteristics.

• 콘크리트학회지
• /
• 제3권4호
• /
• pp.79-88
• /
• 1991

본 눈문에서는 강섬유 혼입에 따른 강섬유보강콘크리트의 강도 중대 현상을 규명하고 파괴에너지를 결정하기 위하여, 일련의 초기균열이 있는 강섬유보강콘크리트 시험체에 대하여 파괴실험을 수행하였다. 파괴실험은 3점 휨 실험법으로 실시하였으며, 실험시 각 시험체의 하중변화에 따른 휨 변형률, 중앙처짐, 균열끝 개구변위와 초기균열 발생시의 하중, 극한하중 등을 조사하였다. 이들 실험 걸과를 토대호 강섬유 혼입량과 초기균열비에 따른 강섬유 보강콘크리트의 파괴인성, 임계 에너지해방률 등을 비교 분석하였으며, 아울러 하중-처짐 선도를 이용한 파괴에너지를 결정하였다. 연구결과, 측정된 강섬유보강콘크리트의 하중-처짐선도는 강섬유 혼입량이 클수록 파괴후 완만하게 나타났으며, 하중-처짐선도 면적에 의하여 계산된 강섬유보강콘크리트의 파괴에너지는 강섬유 혼입량이 0.5%~1.0인 경우에 는 무근콘크리트의 파괴에너지의 약 7~10배, 강섬유 혼입량이 1.5%인경우에는 약 15배 각각 크게 나타났다.

• 콘크리트학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.119-127
• /
• 1999

본 연구는 시멘트를 기초로 하는 준 취성재료를 2개 결합시킨 복합구조체의 파괴거동을 시뮬레이션 하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 작용하중방향에 직각으로 콘크리트와 시멘트를 적층하여 시편을 제작하였고, 비선형파괴해석에서 사용되는 각 구성재료별 파괴계수들을 구하기 위해 콘크리트와 시멘트 각각에 대해 3점휨시험 및 간접인장강도시험을 실시하였다. 시험을 통해 산정한 계수들을 도출한 이론식에 적용하여 복합체로 제작한 시편의 실험 결과치와 비교한 결과, 가상균열이론에 입각한 이론치와 실험결과치는 거의 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 또한, 파괴에너지와 강도의 향상은 복합체를 구성하는 구성재료의 적층순서에 크게 의존하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 구조물의 목적에 맞게 복합체를 적절히 배열하므로써 구조물의 취성과 연성을 상승시킬 수 있음을 본 연구를 통해 알 수 있었다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.133-142
• /
• 2006

본 연구에서는 레미콘 제품에 Mix Design Nomogram을 적용하여 배합변수에 따른 파괴에너지 예측뿐만 아니라 파괴에너지에 따른 배합변수 예측을 가능하도록 하는데 그 목적이 있다. Mix Design Nomogram 작성을 위한 실험은 레미콘 생산회사의 실제 시방배합표를 사용하였으며, RILEM 50-FMC 위원회에서 제안한 3점 휨 실험을 실시하였다. 그 결과, 레미콘 제품에 파괴에너지가 예측 가능한 Mix Design Nomogram의 적용 가능성을 확인하였으며, 이를 이용한 프로그램 개발로 레미콘 배합설계 자동화를 위한 가능성을 확인하였다.

• Advances in concrete construction
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.29-45
• /
• 2018

This paper investigates the effect of inclusion of glass fibers on mechanical and fracture properties of binary blend geopolymer concrete produced by using fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag. To study the effect of glass fibers, the mix design parameters like binder content, alkaline solution/binder ratio, sodium hydroxide concentration and aggregate grading were kept constant. Four different volume fractions (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4%) and two different lengths (6 mm, 13 mm) of glass fibers were considered in the present study. Three different notch-depth ratios (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) were considered for determining the fracture properties. The test results indicated that the addition of glass fibers improved the flexural strength, split tensile strength, fracture energy, critical stress intensity factor and critical crack mouth opening displacement of geopolymer concrete. 13 mm fibers are found to be more effective than 6 mm fibers and the optimum dosage of glass fibers was found to be 0.3% (by volume of concrete). The study shows the enormous potential of glass fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete in structural applications.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제81권1호
• /
• pp.81-91
• /
• 2022

The effects of interaction between concrete-gypsum interface and edge crack on the failure behavior of the specimens in senicircular bend (SCB) test were studied in the laboratory and also simulated numerically using the discrete element method. Some quarter circular specimens of gypsum and concrete with 5 cm radii and hieghts were separately prepared. Then the semicircular testing specimens were made by attaching one gypsum and one concrete sample to one another using a special glue and one edge crack is produced (in the interface) by do not using the glue in that part of the interface. The tensile strengths of concrete and gypsum samples were separately measured as 2.2 MPa and 1.3 MPa, respectively. during all testing performances a constant loading rate of 0.005 mm/s were stablished. The proposed testing method showed that the mechanism of failure and fracture in the brittle materials were mostly governed by the dimensions and number of discontinuities. The fracture toughnesses of the SCB samples were related to the fracture patterns during the failure processes of these specimens. The tensile behaviour of edge notch was related to the number of induced tensile cracks which were increased by decreasing the joint length. The fracture toughness of samples was constant by increasing the joint length. The failure process and fracture pattern in the notched semi-circular bending specimens were similar for both methods used in this study (i.e., the laboratory tests and the simulation procedure using the particle flow code (PFC2D)).

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 1999년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집(I)
• /
• pp.135-140
• /
• 1999

The size effect of axial compressive strength of concrete in notched specimens was experimentally investigated. Based on the concept of the fracture mechanics and size effect law, theoretical studies for axial compressive failure of concrete were reviewed, and two failure modes of concrete specimen under compression were discussed. In this study, experiment of axial compressive failure, which is one of the two failure modes, was carried out by using double cantilever fracture specimens. By varying the slenderness of cantilevers and the eccentricity of applied loads with respect to the axis of each cantilever, the size effect of axial compressive strength of concrete was investigated, and predicted by Bazant's size effect law. The test results show that size effect appears conspicuously for all series of specimens. For the eccentricity of loads, the influence of tensile and compressive stress at the notch tip are significant and so that the size effect is varied. In other words, if the influence of tensile stress at the notch tip grows up, the size effect of concrete increases. And the fact that the fracture process zone must be sufficiently secured for more accurate experiment was affirmed.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.185-197
• /
• 2001

본 연구는 온도에 따라 특성이 변하는 아스팔트 콘크리트의 파괴인성을 규명하기 위하여 기존의 유효균열 모델을 수정하는 연구를 다루고 있다. 본래의 ECM모델은 콘크리트와 같은 고체에 적용되도록 개발되어 재료의 포아슨 비를 고려하지 않는다. 하지만 아스팔트 콘크리트는 온도변화에 민감하여 온도에 따라 포아슨 비가 변화하므로 다양한 온도하에서 정확한 파괴 특성을 알기 위해서는 포아슨 비가 고려되어져야 한다. 3개의 개질아스팔트 결합재를 포함한 4가지 결합재를 사용하여 밀입도 아스팔트 혼합물을 제조하여 초기균열 보에 대한 3점 휨 시험을 $-5^{\circ}C$부터 $-35^{\circ}C$까지에서 수행하였다. 탄성계수, 휨강도 및 파괴인성을 시험을 통하여 구하였다. 시험결과 포아슨비가 고려되는 수정 ECM 공식을 사용하므로서 보다 정확한 값들을 얻을 수 있었다. 폴리머 개질 아스팔트 혼합물이 일반아스팔트 혼합물에 비하여 더 낮은 저온하에서 더 높은 강성과 파괴인성을 유지함을 알 수 있었다.