• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.29-39
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• 2007

This paper is to give a brief introduction to a new discipline called 'conceptual metaphor' and 'mathematical metaphor(Lakoff & Nunez, 2000) from the viewpoint of mathematics education and to analyze the metaphors at 4th graders' mathematics classroom as a case of conceptual metaphors. First, contemporary conception on metaphors is reviewed. Second, it is discussed on the effects and defaults of metaphors in teaching and learning mathematics. Finally, as a case study of mathematical metaphors, conceptual metaphors on the concepts of triangles at 4th graders' mathematics classrooms are analyzed. Students may reason metaphorically to understand mathematical concepts. Conceptual metaphor makes mathematics enormously rich, but it also brings confusion and paradox. Digging out the metaphors may lighten both our spontaneous everyday conceptions and scientific theorizing(Sfard, 1998). Studies of metaphors give us the power of understanding the culture of mathematics classroom and also generate it.

• 인문언어
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• 제8집
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• pp.409-427
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• 2006

This paper deals with the various conceptual metaphors of 'mind' in Korean and English within the Cognitive Semantics. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the metaphorical expressions of the concept 'mind' represented andunderstood in various ways in Korean and English, to find out the linguistically-universal conceptual metaphors underlying the uses of the metaphoric expressions. In addition, this paper discusses the differences in linguistic realization of the concept 'mind' between Korean and English from the socio-cultural background. In the traditional view, metaphor was thought only as the linguistic matters and a deviance from literal or normal use. However, within the Cognitive Linguistic view such as Lakoff and Johnson(1980), metaphor has been considered as a means of understanding and conceptualizing world. According to them, metaphor is found in everyday life because it is not only as a matter of language but also as a nature of human conceptual system controlling cognition, thought and behavior. Conceptual metaphor is suggested as a device to understood abstract and less familiar things through concrete and more familiar things. Conceptual metaphors may be realized linguistically as well as non-linguistically, in the form of movies, arts or behavior. To define the concept 'mind' shared among the Koreans, conceptual metaphors used to represent 'maum(mind)'in Korean are examined. Then they are compared with the ones used to represent 'mind' in English. This is based on the idea that conceptual metaphors represented in linguistic expressions naturally reflect the speakers' concept and conceptualization is a universal irrespective of language. This paper exemplifies the Korean sentences as well as English sentences to utilize some conceptual metaphor such as Johnson(1987)'s THE MIND IS THE BODY and shows many other conceptual metaphors used in Korean and English to represent the same concept 'mind'. What are some metaphors shared by two languages and what is specific to one of them will be shown, too. This paper also suggests that the different conceptualization or lexicalization is partly due to the effect of the oriental cultural background that is more interested in the mental world than the physical world.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권10호
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• pp.4348-4353
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• 2011

본 논문은 은유적 표현이 단순한 수사학적인 표현이 아닌 사고의 영역에 관련되어 있다는 인지언어학적인 관점을 따른다. 이러한 관점은 은유는 특정한 사고의 틀(frame)을 동원하여 그 틀에 의해 대상을 보게 하므로 어떤한 면을 부각시키는 반면 여전히 실재하는 다른 면을 감추기도 하면서 우리의 삶에 영향을 주고 있음에 주목한다. 정치에서의 은유표현들은 정치적 의도를 관철시키기 위해 사용된다. Lakoff는 미국의 보수주의에는 '엄한 아버지' 모델이 라는 도덕관이 작동하고 있다고 주장한다. 본고는 '엄한 아버지' 모델에 근거한 동일한 은유가 조지 H. 부시 대통령의 걸프전 연설문과 조지 W. 부시 대통령의 이라크전 연설문에 공통적으로 사용되고 있음을 확인하였다.

• 인문언어
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• 제8집
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• pp.11-38
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• 2006

Laotzu's view of language is well expressed at the beginning stanza of "道可道 非常道" of Tao De Ching, the interpretation of which is pivotal for the proper interpretation of the entire text. Two lines of interpretation of this stanza have been proposed; The first view regards the letter "道" in "非常道" as representing that which is signified by a sign. The other takes the posture that the letter "道" is itself the signifier of the sign. I argue in this article that the second posture should be taken to interpret Tao De Ching properly, contrary to the traditional interpretation of this stanza, by pointing out the verses which inevitably contradict each other when interpreted according to the first view. The second view leads to the conclusion that everyday language is not sufficient enough to describe the supernatural beings, including Tao, accurately, and seeks a way to augment ordinary language for appropriate description of such supernatural beings. The strategy Laotzu adopts in Tao De Ching is to expand the expressive power of ordinary language by extensive use of metaphors. This paper discerns 4 conceptual metaphors in the sense of Johnson and Lakoff(1980) which underlie the metaphors used in Tao De Ching: (1) Tao is Void; (2) Tao is Mother; (3) Tao is Valley; and (4) Tao is Untrimmed Log.

• 인문언어
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.221-233
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is twofold. On the one hand it takes issue with Engstrom's claim that conceptual metaphors are propositional; on the other, it aims to demonstrate that the mathematical term 'mapping' is inappropriate for the analysis of metaphors. To my mind, the propositional analysis of metaphors, a wrong analysis for that matter, originates in the notion 'mapping' I argue that partial 'mapping' between propositional meanings and metaphorical meanings is either mental or psychological, with no concomitant 'truth' value. When concept metaphors represent propositionality, they lose metaphoricity; when they obtain metaphoricity, they are free of propositionality. The mathematical terms 'mapping' and 'proposition,' it is stressed, should be avoided in the analysis of concept metaphors like 'A is B' because they are confusing when applied to linguistic expression. 1 suggest that the term 'mapping' be replaced by phrases such as 'interaction between two domains,' projection from source-domain to target domain,' or 'understanding the properties of two domains between A and B,' etc. This would amount to proposing a pragmatic or cognitive theory of metaphor.

• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2008

컴퓨터 사용의 역사를 보면 인터페이스 메타포는 사람들이 컴퓨터를 더 사용하기 쉽게 만드는데 쓰여왔다. 심지어 초기의 command line 인터페이스에서도 메타포를 사용해 왔었다. 사용자 인터페이스에 있어서 메타포는 사용자들을 시스템에 접근하기 쉽게 만드는 것을 도울 뿐 아니라 사용자들과 시스템과의 연결 통로라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문은 사용자 인터페이스에 있어서 성공적인 메타포 구축을 위해 conceptual model을 고려하여 Gestalt 원리를 활용한 지침을 제시함으로써 도움을 주고자 한다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.135-149
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• 2003

대학 미분방정식 수업 개발의 일환으로서 본 연구는 학생들의 미분방정식에 관한 개념적 모델을 탐구하는 것에 초점을 두고 진행되었다. 본 연구가 이루어진 미분방정식 수업은 해석적, 질적, 그래프적, 수치적 방법 등의 다양한 수학적 방법의 적용에 기초하여 학생들이 능동적인 수학적 토의를 통해 미분방정식 주요 개념의 재발명해 가는 것을 강조하였다. 이러한 수업 맥락에서 본 연구는 학생들의 수학적 토의 과정에 나타나는 개념적 은유의 사용패턴을 탐구하였다. 본 논문에서는 발화 분석을 통해 추출된 미분방정식에 관한 학생들의 개념적 모델을 구성하는 주요한 개념적 은유인 '기계은유'와 '가상적 운동 은유'와 이들 각 개념적 은유의 수학적 특성을 제시한다. 끝으로, 본 연구의 수학적 발화 분석 결과에 기초하여 학생들의 개념적 모델의 이중성의 의미를 사회문화적 시각에서 해석하고 학교 수학에 주는 시사점에 대해 논의한다.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제28권
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• pp.67-86
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• 2012

Metaphors were conceived of as a figure of speech whose role consisted in merely ornamenting the language. However, with their seminal book Metaphors we live by (1980), Lakoff and Johnson have revolutionized the conception of metaphors by placing them as central to human language, thought and action. Cognitive linguists argue that humans tend to conceptualize abstract concepts, such as time, through more experiential and tangible concepts. For instance, it has been observed that the abstract concept of time is conceptualized as space in several unrelated languages. According to the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), TIME AS SPACE metaphor covers two more specific metaphors: (1) The MOVING TIME metaphor wherein the observer is conceived as a stationary entity, as in The end of the academic year is getting closer; and (2) The TIME AS A LOCATION metaphor wherein times are conceived as stationary points and the observer is conceived as moving relative to these locations, as in We are first approaching the end of the year. This paper aims at probing the validity of the CMT representations of time on the basis of an analysis of time metaphors in two languages: English and French. This analysis is conducted within the framework of CMT. The results corroborate the CMT representations of time, suggesting that in both languages the abstract concept of time is expressed in spatial terms. In English, as in French, time is conceptualized as a moving entity and as having extension in space. In both languages, time can be seen as bounded; therefore, one can perform actions within defined limits of time.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.321-331
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• 2024

본 연구는 분수 개념화 과정에서 나타나는 어려움을 은유의 관점에서 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 수학교육에서의 은유를 은유에 의한 자연스러운 개념화와 교육적 은유로의 확장으로 나누어 고찰한 후, 은유적 개념화의 과정에서 발생할 수 있는 분수 학습의 어려움을 하나 이상의 은유의 통합, 기존에 형성된 기초 은유의 방해, 은유의 패러독스의 세 측면에서 분석하였다. 이를 통해 분수 교수·학습 시 은유가 어떤 방식으로 작용하는지에 보다 세심한 주의가 필요함을 밝히고 분수 학습 지도 방안을 고안하는 데 시사점을 제공하였다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2011

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between conceptual metaphors of affect and physical dimensions. Background: The evidence that affect is unconsciously linked to physical dimensions(e.g., position and color) has been obtained in western cultures. However, in eastern cultures, especially, in Korea, it has been seldom tested. It is indispensable to examine whether or not cultural differences exist for better understanding of the conceptual metaphors. Method: 50 positive and 50 negative words were adopted from previous studies in order to determine the relationship between physical domains and abstract affect. Three hypotheses were tested in this study: (1) Good is up. (2) Good is bright. (3) Good is right(for right-handers). The automatic association between valence(positive vs. negative) and vertical position (up vs. down) was investigated in experiment 1, in which 100 words were randomly presented on either the top or the bottom of a LCD screen and the evaluation time of the presented word was recorded. The unconscious association between valence and color(white and black) was examined in experiment 2, where each word was randomly presented in either white or black. Lastly, we tested whether right-handers tend to associate rightward space with positive ideas and leftward space with negative ideas. Results: Reaction time was faster when words were presented in metaphor congruent domains(e.g., 'positive words on the top, in bright color, and on right space vs. negative words on the bottom, in dark color, and on left region) than when they were shown in metaphor incongruent domains. Conclusion: The results might give the groundwork for various directions in further understanding perception, emotion, and behavior. Application: This study may provide useful points to GUI designers and service developers if further studies enhanced in validity and reliability are followed.