• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.163-171
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• 2022

A conceptual model represents an understanding of a system that is going to be developed, which in this research, a driving simulation software to study driver behavior at signalised intersections. Therefore, video observation was conducted to examine driver compliance behaviour within the dilemma zone at signalised intersection, pertaining to driver's distance from the stop line during yellow light interval. The video was analysed using Thematic Analysis and the data extracted from it was analysed using Chi-Square Independent Test. The Thematic Analysis revealed two major themes which were traffic situation and driver compliance behaviour. Traffic situation is defined as traffic surrounding the driver, such as no car in front and behind, car in front, and car behind. Meanwhile, the Chi-Square Test result indicates that within the dilemma zone, there was a significant relationship between driver compliance behaviour and driver's distance from the stop line during yellow light interval. The closer the drivers were to the stop line, the more likely they were going to comply. In contrast, drivers showed higher noncompliant behavior when further away from stop line. This finding could help us in the development of conceptual model of driving simulation with purpose of studying driver behavior.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.1
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• pp.229-268
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• 1997

Recently, object-oriented concepts and technology are on the leading edge of programming language and database systems research, and their usefulness in those contexts has been successfully demonstrated. The adoption of object-oriented concept to the design of model bases has several benefits. From the perspectives of object-oriented approach, models in a model base are viewed as object which encapsulate their states and behaviors. This paper focuses on the design of an object-oriented model base that handles various resources of DSS(data, knowledge, models, solvers) in a unified fashion. For the design of a model base, we adopted Object Modeling Techniques(OMT). An object model of OMT can be used for the conceptual design of an overall model base schema. The object model of OMT provides several advantages over the conventional approaches in model base design. The main advantage are model reuse, hierarchical model construction, model sharing, meta-modeling, and unified model object management.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.3-13
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• 2005

The conceptual rainfall-runoff models are used to predict complex hydrological effects of a basin. However, to obtain reliable results, there are some difficulties and problems in choosing optimum model, calibrating, and verifying the chosen model suitable for hydrological characteristics of the basin. In this study, Genetic Algorithm and SCE-UA method as global optimization methods were applied to compare the each optimization technique and to analyze the application for the rainfall-runoff models. Modified TANK model that is used to calculate outflow for watershed management and reservoir operation etc. was optimized as a long term rainfall-runoff model. And storage-function model that is used to predict real-time flood using historical data was optimized as a short term rainfall-runoff model. The optimized models were applied to simulate runoff on Pyeongchang-river watershed and Bocheong-stream watershed in 2001 and 2002. In the historical data study, the Genetic Algorithm and the SCE-UA method showed consistently good results considering statistical values compared with observed data.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.205-219
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• 2021

The present study identified determinants to user acceptance of artificial intelligence(AI)-based news anchor. Our conceptual model included three constructs of ability, benevolence, and integrity to determine whether these three constructs are predictive of trust perceived from AI news anchor. This work further examined the influences of social presence, anthropomorphism, perceived usefulness, understanding as well as trust as immediate determinants to user acceptance. The conceptual model was validated on survey data collected from 513 respondents. A series of scale refinement process was conducted by the examination of data normality, common method bias, structure of latent variables as well as internal consistency. In addition, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed to assess the extent to which the sample data collected from survey study measures the constructs adequately. The results from the analysis of structural equation model indicated that, (1) two constructs of ability and integrity were found to be significantly predictive of perceived trust, and (2) anthropomorphism, perceived usefulness, and trust emerged as significant and positive predictors of user acceptance of AI-based news anchor.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.69-82
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• 2013

Although MAchine Readable Cataloging (MARC) and Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) are currently the most broadly used bibliographic structures for generating bibliographic data in the library community, each has its own weaknesses in describing information resources in diverse media. If the MARC format could be implemented in a structure that reflects the multi-layered characteristics of FRBR, its use could address current problems and limitations in resource description. The purpose of this research is to propose an alternative approach that can integrate the heterogeneous bibliographic structures of MARC and FRBR through the applications of facet and facet analysis. The proposed faceted data model is expected to function as a conceptual structure that can mediate between MARC data elements and FRBR attributes in order to utilize these structures in a more reliable and comprehensive way.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.259-269
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• 2009

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a breast feeding adaptation scale (BFAS) to evaluate adaptation to breastfeeding for breastfeeding mothers and their infants and to test the validity and reliability of the instrument. Methods: The study was conducted as follows: application of the conceptual framework, identification of the content domains, items generation, and test of validity and reliability. In order to test validity and reliability, two panels of experts reviewed items and subcategories of the preliminary questionnaire and then data were collected from 329 mothers who were up to 4 weeks postpartum and breastfeeding. Descriptive statistics, t-test, factor analysis, and Cronbach's alpha were used to analyze the data. Results: The conceptual framework was based on the Roy adaptation model. The content domains were developed via literature review, review of instruments, and data acquired from the interviews of breastfeeding mothers and nurses. A total of 69 items belonging to 8 domains were generated. A reduction to 44 preliminary items was accomplished through content validity analysis. Factor analysis extracted 8 factors with a total of 27 items on a 5-point Likert scale. Content validity, construct validity, criterion validity, and reliability of the BFAS were established. Conclusion: The newly developed BFAS is a reliable and valid instrument with which the adaptation of breastfeeding mothers and their infants to the breastfeeding behavior can be evaluated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.197-201
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• 2008

Conceptual cost estimates for domestic highway projects have generally been conducted using governmental unit-price references. Inaccuracies in governmental unit-price data has repeatedly addressed in the Korean construction industry which often lead to poor decision making and cost management practices. Thus, needs for developing a better way of conceptual cost estimating has been widely recognized. This research is considered as the first step in developing such model using real-world cost data based on actual construction activities. The data analyzed in this paper includes 41 P.S.C (Prestressed Concrete) Box bridges which broke into 4 categories based on construction methods such as I.L.M(Incremental Launching Method), M.S.S(Movable Scaffolding System), F.S.M(Full Staging Method), and F.C.M(Free Cantilever Method). Actual design documents; including actual cost estimating documents, drawings and specifications were carefully reviewed to effectively break down cost structures for PSC girder bridges. Among more than 40 cost categories for each P.S.C girder bridge type, 7 of them were identified which accounted for more than 95% of total construction cost (ILM: 99.47%, MSS: 99.22%, FSM: 98.18%, and FCM: 98.12%). In order to validate the clustering of cost categories, the variation of each cost category has been investigated which resulted in between -1.16 % and 0.59%.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.9
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• pp.681-692
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• 2021

Vegetation processes have a significant impact on rainfall runoff processes through evapotranspiration control, but are rarely considered in the conceptual lumped hydrological model. This study evaluated the model performance of the Hapcheon Dam watershed by integrating the ecological module expressing the leaf area index data sensed remotely from the satellite into the hydrological partition module. The proposed eco-hydrological model has three main features to better represent the eco-hydrological process in humid regions. 1) The growth rate of vegetation is constrained by water shortage stress in the watershed. 2) The maximum growth of vegetation is limited by the energy of the watershed climate. 3) The interaction of vegetation and aquifers is reflected. The proposed model simultaneously simulates hydrologic components and vegetation dynamics of watershed scale. The following findings were found from the validation results using the model parameters estimated by the SCEM algorithm. 1) Estimating the parameters of the eco-hydrological model using the leaf area index and streamflow data can predict the streamflow with similar accuracy and robustness to the hydrological model without the ecological module. 2) Using the remotely sensed leaf area index without filtering as input data is not helpful in estimating streamflow. 3) The integrated eco-hydrological model can provide an excellent estimate of the seasonal variability of the leaf area index.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.35-35
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• 2012

Most grid-based distributed hydrologic models are complex in terms of data requirements, parameter estimation and computational demand. To address these issues, a simple grid-based hydrologic model is developed in a geographic information system (GIS) environment using storage-release concept. The model is named GIS Storage Release Model (GIS-StoRM). The storage-release concept uses the travel time within each cell to compute howmuch water is stored or released to the watershed outlet at each time step. The travel time within each cell is computed by combining the kinematic wave equation with Manning's equation. The input to GIS-StoRM includes geospatial datasets such as radar rainfall data (NEXRAD), land use and digital elevation model (DEM). The structural framework for GIS-StoRM is developed by exploiting geographic features in GIS as hydrologic modeling objects, which store and process geospatial and temporal information for hydrologic modeling. Hydrologic modeling objects developed in this study handle time series, raster and vector data within GIS to: (i) exchange input-output between modeling objects, (ii) extract parameters from GIS data; and (iii) simulate hydrologic processes. Conceptual and structural framework of GIS StoRM including its application to Pleasant Creek watershed in Indiana will be presented.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.348-363
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to classify types of preconception about the motion of the moon held by middle school students and find out how the lesson applying cognitive conflict instructional model changes their conceptual view of the motion of the moon. A quantitative study was first conducted with 48 ninth graders and then followed by a qualitative study. In the qualitative study, male and female students were organized into groups of five and ten respectively. Students were instructed to observe the motion of the moon about for a month and at the same time were taught via the cognitive conflict instructional model for three class periods. Data were collected from interviews and a questionnaire evaluating the degree of concept development that each student showed. A majority of students were found to hold misconceptions formed from elementary school programs on the motion of the moon. Further, students showed lack of scientific ability to interpret the phenomena of the moon. This study showed that the cognitive conflict instructional model was effective for students to make progress regarding their conceptual views of the motion of the moon. However, it was observed that misconceptions by students may possibly occur when two dimensional figures or miniatures were used.