• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.47-47
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• 2010

Over the past 20 years, constant progress in noise and vibration (NVH) engineering has enabled to constantly advance quality and comfort of operation and use of really any products - from automobiles to aircraft, to all kinds of industrial vehicles and machines - to the extend that for many products, supreme NVH performance has becomes part of its brand image in the market. At the same time, the product innovation agenda in the automotive, aircraft and really many other industries, has been extended very much in recent years by meeting ever more strict environmental regulations. Like in the automotive industry, the drive towards meeting emission and CO2 targets leads to very much accelerated adoption of new powertrain concepts (downsizing of ICE, hybrid-electrical...), and to new vehicle architectures and the application of new materials to reduce weight, which bring new challenges for not only maintaining but further improving NVH performance. This drives for innovation in NVH engineering, so as to succeed in meeting a product brand performance for NVH, while as the same time satisfying eco-constraints. Product innovation has also become increasingly dependent on the adoption of electronics and software, which drives for new solutions for NVH engineering that can be applied for NVH performance optimization of mechatronic products. Finally, relentless pressure to shorten time to market while maintaining overall product quality and reliability, mandates that the practice and solutions for NVH engineering can be optimally applied in all phases of product development. The presentation will first review the afore trends for product and process innovation, and discuss the challenges they represent for NVH engineering. Next, the presentation discusses new solutions for NVH engineering of products, so as to meet target brand values, while at the same time meeting ever more strict eco constraints, and this within a context of increasing adoption of electronics and controls to drive product innovation. NVH being very much defined by system level performance, these solutions implement the approach of "Model Based System Engineering" to increase the impact of system level analysis for NVH in all phases of product development: - At the Concept Phase, to be able to do business case analysis of new product concepts; to arrive at an optimized and robust product architecture (e.g. to hybrid powertrain lay-out, to optimize fuel economy); to enable target cascading, to subsystem and component level. - In Development Phase, to increase realism and productivity of simulation, so as to frontload virtual validation of components and subsystems and to further reduce reliance on physical testing. - During the final System Testing Phase, to enable subsystem testing by a combination of physical testing and simulation: using simulation models to simulate the final integration context when testing a subsystem, enabling to frontload subsystem testing before final system integration is possible. - To interconnect Mechanical, Electronical and Controls engineering, in all phases of development, by supporting model driven controls engineering (MIL, SIL, HIL). Finally, the presentation reviews examples of how LMS is implementing such new applications for NVH engineering with lead customers in Europe, Asia and US, with demonstrated benefits both in terms of shortening development cycles, and/or enabling a simulation based approach to reduce reliance on physical testing.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.573-586
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• 2016

건설공사에서 토공작업은 단지와 같은 대규모 현장 내에서 다수 및 다종의 건설장비 조합으로 이루어진다. 각각의 장비들은 작업에 투입될 시 필수적으로 다른 장비들과 굴착, 적재, 운반 및 다짐 등의 협업을 수행한다. 하지만 국내 건설업에서는 타업종의 협업시스템 개발에 비하여 관련 연구가 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 이 문제를 해결하기 위해 건설장비 플릿관리 시스템(Fleet Management System)을 개발하여 전체 토공현장의 효율성 향상을 모색한다. 본문에서는 시스템의 구성요소와 프로세스 등을 제시하면서 플릿관리의 개념에 관하여 정리하였다. 또한 작업패키지(Task Package)에 조합되는 굴삭기, 트럭, 다짐기들의 장비대수를 결정하여 장비 클러스터(Equipment Cluster)로써 무리지어 운용하는 방법론을 제시한다. 사례연구에서는 작업패키지를 수행하는 과정에서 기존 작업 방식과 본문에서 제시한 방법론을 대조하여 플릿관리 시스템의 효과를 검증한다. 본 연구에서의 플릿관리 시스템은 작업시간의 감소와 이동거리의 단축을 통하여 건설장비의 유류사용량을 줄일 수 있다. 더불어 이는 토공현장의 탄소배출량을 감소시키는 효과를 기대할 수 있다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.125-149
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• 2012

As the smart phone is propagating rapidly, the importance of mobile advertisement has also grown. One of the main characteristics of the Internet and smart phone advertising is that they can deliver personalized advertisements to each customer. The smart phone enables the identification of additional personalized information such as the customer's location and the accessibility to the site at any place any time. As the Internet platform becomes richer, firms that offer the ad services via the wired PC Internet and wireless smart phone are seeking various types of personalized ads. However, their service platform and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) platform should be suitable to the characteristics of personalized ads. This research explores various types of personalized ad methods and evaluates their adequacy encompassing four types of ad service platforms (such as search portal, news portal, e-mall servers, and SNS) and two types of ICT platforms (PC Internet and smart phone). To this end, we classified the personalized ads into seven types: three basic types and four composite types. The basic types of ad methods are identified by considering the current activity that the customer is engaged, the individual profile and log history, and the customer's current location or planning location. Four composite types of ad methods are constructed as the combination of these basic types. For those types of ad methods, we evaluate whether each ad method adequately maps with four types of ad service platforms and two types of ICT platforms. We proposed a metric of evaluation and demonstrated the concept with illustrative numbers. Specifically, we analyze and compare personalized ad methods in three ways. Firstly, the possibility of implementing a personalized ad method on the platform is analyzed to confirm the degree of suitability. Secondly, the value of personalized ad method is analyzed based on the customer accessibility. Lastly, expected effectiveness for each personalized ad method is computed by multiplying the possibility and the value. Through this kind of analysis, the ad service providers as well as advertising companies can evaluate what kinds of personalized ad methods and platforms are possible and suitable to maximize their ad effectiveness on the Internet and smart phone platforms.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권11호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2017

Purpose - The study aims to analyze the VMD(Visual Merchandising) perception factors in recent sporting goods store and clarify the effect of each VMD perception factors on brand image, satisfaction, and customer revisit intention. The VMD perception factors play an important role in attracting and actually inducing sales to the visiting customers. It has investigated the effect of VMD perception on customer satisfaction and revisit intention. It is expected that the company's marketing strategy with VMD will be differentiated and competitive in sports item stores, brand image enhancement, customer retention, and acquisition. Research design, data, and methodology - In order to verify the hypotheses of this study, a total of 380 questionnaires had been distributed. 360 respondents were used in the final analysis excluding 20 respondents' incomplete answers. The SPSS 18.0 program was used and the data analysis was conducted for the demographic characteristics and distribution behavior. Principal Components Analysis was used for the common factor extraction for validity analysis, and factor analysis was conducted to verify such as validity in brand image or brand attitude. As for Multiple regression analysis, was performed to verify and in the research model, and in and , the mediation was defined through the Sobel Test in order to verify the brand image mediating effects on VMD, store satisfaction, and revisit inquiry of sports store. Results - Qualitative research shows that VMD sub-variables such as aesthetic, fitness, and functional convenience influence store satisfaction and revisit intention. As a result of analyzing the mediating effect of the brand image, the more VMD is strengthened, the more brand image is improved and store satisfaction is also increased. Conclusions - VMD enhancement requires a VMD strategy aligned with the company's management policies and objectives, a visual directing and consistent concept that delivers a strong message to customers. The customer actual purchasing behavior is a combination of various factors such as sports item stores' interior design, display, advertisement promotion like POP(Point of Purchase), salespersons and their service quality, so that the VMD image and the brand image must be consistent and a unique strategic plan is required.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.53-73
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• 2014

감정기반 컴퓨팅 환경의 발전에 따라서 이미지를 포함한 멀티미디어 정보 자원의 감정 접근과 이용은 중요한 연구과제이다. 본 연구는 이미지의 감정색인을 위한 시각적인 요인의 탐색적 규명을 목적으로 한다. 연구목적을 성취하기 위해서 본 연구는 사랑, 행복, 슬픔, 공포, 분노의 5가지 기본감정으로 색인된 15건의 이미지를 대상으로 20명의 연구 참여자와의 인터뷰를 통해서 총 620건의 감정 시각적 요인을 추출하였다. 감정을 촉발하는 시각적 요인(5가지)과 하위 요인(18가지)의 분포와 5가지 감정별 시각적 요인 분포를 분석하여 그 결과를 제시하였다. 이미지의 감정을 인지하는 주요한 시각적 요인으로는 얼굴표정, 인물의 동작이나 행위, 선, 형태, 크기 등의 조형적 요소가 차지하는 비중이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 개별 감정과 시각적인 요인과의 관계를 살펴보면, 사랑 감정은 인물의 동작이나 행위와 밀접하게 나타났으며, 행복 감정은 인물의 얼굴표정이 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 슬픔 감정 역시 인물의 동작이나 행위와 밀접하게 연계되어 있으며, 공포 감정은 얼굴의 표정과 깊은 관계가 있다. 분노 감정은 조형적인 요소인 선, 형태, 크기가 특징적으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 이미지가 지니는 내용기반 요소와 개념기반 요소의 복합적인 접근이 효과적인 감정색인에 있어서 중요하다는 것을 제시한다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.75-84
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• 1992

The paper manufactories in Sangpyeong Industrial Estates, Chinju, produce more than 80 tons of paper-mill sludge cakes every day, which costs about 840 million won for dump per year. Since the paper-mill sludge is biodegradable, the sludge can he utilized as an organic fertilizer if it is properly decomposed. This may lead to not only dramatic cut of the treatment cost but prevention from secondary environmental contamination due to dump. The primary objective of the study was to explore the quantitative range of major enviromental parameters influencing early composting of paper-mill cakes, naturally pretreated in warn and cold weather. The automatically-controlled reactor was designed, manufactured, and operated for nine days to decompose about 2201 of raw sludge cakes. Four tests(Test 1-Test 4) were implemented for the study of Phase I. Treatments of two levels of initial temperature (40˚C and 28˚C) and two levels of water content + C/N ratio (35% + 40 and 63% + 80) were made to test the significance of their parameters for decomposition of raw sludge cakes pretreated in warm weather. Another four tests (Test 5- Test 8) were implemented for the study of Phase II. Treatments of initial temperature and water content(W/C) + C/N ratio of raw sludge pretreated in cold weather were made to 16˚C and 13% +58 for Test 5, 6˚C and 53% +55 for Test 6, 7˚C and 36% +81 for Test 7, 31˚C and 30% +81 for Test 8. Natural weater condition(pretreatment condition) revealed the importance m composting of the paper-mill sludge cakes. Combination of water content adjustment to about 30% with C/N ratio amendment of about 20 and initial temperature of 30~40˚C was concluded to be the best for early composting of paper-mill sludge cakes with aeration rate and pH fixed. Temperature and C/N ratio were adapted as judging variables for composting degree. In addition, tests for microbial activity were performed to validate the experimental results. Since the temperature and C/N ratio did not coincide in some tests as judging variables for the maturity of the composting sludges, taking one of these parameters could mislead the concept of the maturity (composting conceptually new criterion to provide more reliable information for early composting of paper-mill sludge cakes.

• 화약ㆍ발파
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2009

비장약량 또는 장약계수는 어떤 발파에서 파괴대상이 되는 암석의 총 부피 당 또는 총 무게 당 폭약 소비량으로 정의된다. 암석 톤당 또는 입방미터 당 폭약 소비량의 변화는 언제나 암질변화에 대한 좋은 지표가 된다. 광산현장에서는 통상 광석(ore) 톤당 폭약 소비량을 암석에 대한 발파 용이성의 척도로 사용하는 반면, 건설현장에서는 암석 입방미터 당 폭약 소비량을 사용한다. 본 논문에서는 터널발파를 대상으로 하므로 건설현장에서 사용하는 비장약량의 정의를 채택하였다. 지금까지 다양한 터널발파 설계법들이 제안되어 있지만 이런 방법들을 현장에 적용하였을 때 잘 맞지 않는 경우가 많다. 그 이유는 무엇보다 각 나라나 지역별로 암질조건이 서로 상이하기 때문인 것으로 보이며, 이러한 문제는 발파의 설계자나 시공자에게 기술적으로 상당한 부담이 될 수도 있다. 그런데 만일 우리가 주어진 암석에 대한 적정 비장약량을 알고 있다면 발파설계가 매우 쉬워질 수 있을 것이다. 이런 측면에서 본 논문에서는 사전에 결정된 비장약량이 있는 경우 그 비장약량에 맞추어서 터널발파를 설계할 수 있는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 이 알고리즘은 터널단면 상의 다양한 영역에 서로 다른 구속도를 부여하는 개념을 토대로 하고 있으며, 기존에 알려진 터널발파 설계방법들과 조합하여 사용할 수 있는 경험적인 설계방법이다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2012

괴사된 미성숙영구치의 치수치료에 있어서 치수의 재혈관화를 통해 치근단 발육 및 치근형성을 지속하려는 개념이 소개됨으로써 현재 미성숙영구치의 치수치료의 대안으로 제시되고 있다. 이러한 치근단 염증을 가진 미성숙 영구치의 재혈관화를 위해서는 가장 중요한 것이 근관내 감염된 부분을 확실히 제거하는 살균(disinfection)이다. 근관 내 감염은 여러 세균의 복합작용으로 일어나기 때문에 철저한 살균에 사용되는 약제의 조합은 다양한 범위의 균주를 모두 제거 가능해야한다. Metronidazole(MN), ciprofloxacin(CF), minocycline(MC)의 세 가지 복합항생제가 약제로 사용되고 있으나 이 복합항생제 적용 후 치관변색을 일으키는 사례가 보고되고 있다. 이러한 치관변색은 항생제의 성분 중 MC에 의한 것으로 여겨지고 있으며, 본 증례에서는 복합항생제 적용에 의해 야기된 치관변색의 증례를 소개하고 이를 표백술로 처치하여 최종 수복한 증례를 보고하였다. 복합항생제 적용을 통해 미성숙영구치의 치수치료에 새로운 패러다임을 제시한 것은 분명하지만 치관변색 등의 부작용이 있음을 인지하고 치관변색을 사전에 예방하고 최소화하기 위해 다양한 방법이 강구되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.435-443
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• 2014

목적: 안경원 브랜드의 디자인아이덴티티 시각 요소들의 분석을 통해 안경원의 브랜드 디자인 개발에 필요한 객관적인 자료로 활용하고자 하였다. 방법: 안경원의 브랜드 디자인아이덴티티 개념을 살펴보고 국내 프랜차이즈 안경원의 상징물, 심벌마크의 형태와 로고타입의 표현 스타일, 색상 활용도, 캐릭터 사용 여부 등을 중심으로 브랜드 디자인아이덴티티의 시각 요소들을 분석하였다. 결과: 안경과 눈, 얼굴과 홍채 같은 안경과 관련된 직접적인 상징물이 많았고 글자와 도형도 나타났다. 심벌 유형으로는 대부분이 구상형과 워드마크 형태의 디자인이 많았고 워드마크형에는 국문보다 영문이 많이 사용되었다. 로고타입 형식은 고딕체 형식이 주류를 이루었고 획의 굵기는 보통과 두꺼운 볼드체가 고루 사용되는 것으로 나타났다. 안경원 브랜드 디자인에서 가장 많이 사용되고 있는 색상 도수는 2도 조합 사용이 대부분이었고 색상 사용 빈도로는 검정과 빨강이 많았는데 심벌이나 로고타입의 전용 색상에는 검정과 함께 주황도 많이 나타났다. 캐릭터는 일부 안경원에서만 사용하고 있고 대부분 동물 소재로 표현은 만화와 그래픽 형식이었다. 결론: 상징물, 심벌마크와 로고타입, 색상, 캐릭터는 브랜드 디자인아이덴티티 기본 개발 시스템이다. 안경원 브랜드의 중요한 시각적 구성요소로 상호간 일관성이 있으면서 기능과 역할을 분명히 할 수 있는 체계적인 디자인이 되어야 한다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.137-152
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• 2007

The purpose of this article is making investigation of the principal composition of the twin-pagodas in Buddhist temple through ornaments of a case preserving relics of Buddha in the east and west pagodas of Gameunsa temple. This research has an important meaning in clarifying that the concept of placement two Buddhas together with lotus sutra, which was only applied to Bulkuksa temple, has been extended to Gameunsa temple. And this observation gave us a clear explanation for the principal composition at the twin-pagodas in Buddhist temple plans. The author obtained the following conclusion from this article : The cases preserving relics of the Buddha for the west and east pagodas are globally in similar form as the type of a royal palace. But the different points between eastern and western can be seen on the existence of Buddhist statues on the base floor, set-up of the gate at railings, and 4 lion statues at a coner of the base floor. In the western pagoda, there are Buddha statues above the base-floor of the cases preserving relics. These Buddha statues are composed of a boy monks and angels with playing music for the praise of the Sakyamuni Buddha lecturing the Lotus sutra at YoungChui Mountain. On the other hand, in the eastern pagoda, Buddha statues on the cases preserving relics are composed of a the Four Devas and monks as a defending God of the nation of Buddha. In the eastern pagoda, one can see something that does not exist in the western pagoda, which is a gate located in railing of a case preserving the relics. This gate described the scene of the Sakyamuni Buddha entering into the pagoda of 7 treasures. In a corner of the case preserving relics in the eastern pagoda, there is another thing which does not exist in the western pagoda. This is a sculpture of a lion which symbols the seat of Lion supporting the Buddha in the Dabotap(the pagoda of 7 treasures). When we observe the form and structure, the descriptions at the railings, the gate, the shrine, the statue of a lion, and the accessories in jewelries, at the cases preserving the relics in the eastern pagoda, one can realize that they have the same combination structures between the ones at Dabotaps in Bulguksa temple and those in China as well as in Japan, all of which represent the Gyun-Bo-Tap-Pum of Lotus Sutra. Among the distribution rules in the twin-pagodas in Buddhist temple, the application of the ideal of lotus was known to be effected only to Bulguksa temple. But from the result of the present article, it is more clearly proved by applying the Gameunsa temple that the distribution theory in the twin-pagodas in Buddhist temple was in fact based on the ideal of lotus.