• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.107-107
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• 2000

1. Ounyukki(五運六氣) theory was first developed from observation of astronomical phenomena. Natural phenomena were explained and incorporated into the concepts of Yukki(六氣), and Ohaeng(五行, the concept that all matter in the world are comprised of five fundamental elements), during Chon-guk(戰國) and Han(漢) periods. In that period. Kanji(干支, the method to present time with ten and twelve different kinds of symbol's combinations) was used to record Ounyukki(五運六氣). Theoretical study of Un-gi(運氣, the abbreviation of Ounyukki) was almost completed in Un-gichilpyon(運氣七篇) of Naekyong(內經). Un-gi(運氣) theory was further studied and considered to be very important socially, as well as medically, in Tang(唐), Song(宋), Kum(金), and Won(元) periods. Hagan(河間) published various studies based on Un-gi(運氣) theory in Kum won(金元) periods. 2. Hagan(河間) realized the limitation of a remedy method, of Sanghan(傷寒) theory. Therefore, he made an assumption that the prevalence of diseases in his period are closely related to Hwayol(火熱, a fire and a super-heat; two things out of Yukki(六氣)). His new theory was a result of the study on Kyongjon(經典, bibles of the oriental medicine) and the phenomena of nature. 3. Hagan(河間) used a combination of two basic theories of Pimuripsang(比物立象) and Hanhaesungjeron(亢害承制論) to make understood Hwayol(火熱) theory, Pimuripsang(比物立象) theory explains a method to appreciate the essence of things by comparing Sang(象, an expression of how something appears on the outside) and then making another Sang(象) from the comparison. Hanhaesungjeron(亢害承制論) is a theory to emphasize the importance of a balance of Yukki(六氣). It is that, if one of the elements is exceeded, other thing in the other five elements dominate the exceeded thing to control it for the balance between Yukki(六氣). In addition, he articulated P'yobon(標本. inside and outside of a thing) theory to differentiate the disease symptoms. These theories will help to distinguish real and fake symptoms of diseases, on which Hagan(河間) emphasized its importance. 4. Hagan(河間) published a new theory to explain Ounyukki(五運六氣) theory based on the observation of the nature and the experience from medical practice. And he added Chobyonggi(燥病機, course and rule causing disease in dry conditions) to Pyonggishipkujo(病機十九條, nineteen course and rule causing disease), it strengthened Pyonggi(病機, course and rule causing disease) theories. Moreover. he utilized Un-gi (運氣) theory in a real life situation by applying Un-giron(運氣論) to diagnosis like Maekchin(脈診, a method to diagnose by taking the pulse) and to prescription. 5. Modern society is an era in which it is hard to appreciate the principles of the changes due to the various unusual weather. Therefore, it is necessary to make a new paradigm using Un-gi(運氣) theory, like Hagan(河間) did in Kumwon(金元) period. 6. Unusual weather changes and the geriatric diseases such as cancer and diabetes, may have Sang(象) of Hwayol(火熱) theory at the other side. These diseases have been and will create more serious problems in modern society. As a method to solve these problems. it seems to be very important to understand and apply Hagan's(河間) Hawyol(火熱) theory to modern society.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.108-145
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• 2000

1. Ounyukki(五運六氣) theory was first developed from observation of astronomical phenomena. Natural phenomena were explained and incorporated into the concepts of Yukki(六氣), and Ohaeng(五行, the concept that all matter in the world are comprised of five fundamental elements), during Chon-guk(戰國) and Han(漢) periods. In that period. Kanji(干支, the method to present time with ten and twelve different kinds of symbol's combinations) was used to record Ounyukki(五運六氣). Theoretical study of Un-gi(運氣, the abbreviation of Ounyukki) was almost completed in Un-gichilpyon(運氣七篇) of Naekyong(內經). Un-gi(運氣) theory was further studied and considered to be very important socially, as well as medically, in Tang(唐), Song(宋), Kum(金), and Won(元) periods. Hagan(河間) published various studies based on Un-gi(運氣) theory in Kum won(金元) periods. 2. Hagan(河間) realized the limitation of a remedy method, of Sanghan(傷寒) theory. Therefore, he made an assumption that the prevalence of diseases in his period are closely related to Hwayol(火熱, a fire and a super-heat; two things out of Yukki(六氣)). His new theory was a result of the study on Kyongjon(經典, bibles of the oriental medicine) and the phenomena of nature. 3. Hagan(河間) used a combination of two basic theories of Pimuripsang(比物立象) and Hanhaesungjeron(亢害承制論) to make understood Hwayol(火熱) theory, Pimuripsang(比物立象) theory explains a method to appreciate the essence of things by comparing Sang(象, an expression of how something appears on the outside) and then making another Sang(象) from the comparison. Hanhaesungjeron(亢害承制論) is a theory to emphasize the importance of a balance of Yukki(六氣). It is that, if one of the elements is exceeded, other thing in the other five elements dominate the exceeded thing to control it for the balance between Yukki(六氣). In addition, he articulated P'yobon(標本. inside and outside of a thing) theory to differentiate the disease symptoms. These theories will help to distinguish real and fake symptoms of diseases, on which Hagan(河間) emphasized its importance. 4. Hagan(河間) published a new theory to explain Ounyukki(五運六氣) theory based on the observation of the nature and the experience from medical practice. And he added Chobyonggi(燥病機, course and rule causing disease in dry conditions) to Pyonggishipkujo(病機十九條, nineteen course and rule causing disease), it strengthened Pyonggi(病機, course and rule causing disease) theories. Moreover. he utilized Un-gi (運氣) theory in a real life situation by applying Un-giron(運氣論) to diagnosis like Maekchin(脈診, a method to diagnose by taking the pulse) and to prescription. 5. Modern society is an era in which it is hard to appreciate the principles of the changes due to the various unusual weather. Therefore, it is necessary to make a new paradigm using Un-gi(運氣) theory, like Hagan(河間) did in Kumwon(金元) period. 6. Unusual weather changes and the geriatric diseases such as cancer and diabetes, may have Sang(象) of Hwayol(火熱) theory at the other side. These diseases have been and will create more serious problems in modern society. As a method to solve these problems. it seems to be very important to understand and apply Hagan's(河間) Hawyol(火熱) theory to modern society.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.429-449
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• 1992

The consumption of foods rich in TDF should not be associated with impaired mineral absorp-tion and long-term mineral status. In surveys of populations consuming high amounts of TDF e.g Third World populations and vegetarinas gross deficiencies in mineral nutrition have not been noted. If mineral status is low among these groups it is most likely caused by the inadequacy or imbalance of the diet and not by the TDF. The key word is interaction which should be inte-rpreted in dietary imbalances that produce nut-rient deficiencies. There are no strong data to support the concept that TDF inhibits mineral absorption through a binding chelation mechanism. Limited data sug-gest that positively charged groups on polymers such as chitosan and cholestyramine will decrease iron absorption in humans and animals. Because TDF does not contain positively charged groups future research should be directed at the possible role of protein consumed along with TDF and the combination of effects on mineral nutrition Phytic acid is acknowledged as a potent chela-tor of zinc. However its association with zinc and its propensity to lower Zn bioavaiability may enhance the absorption of other elements notably copper and iron. The importance of interactions among nutrients including TDF will gain addi-tional attention in the scientific community. Soluble and insoluble dietary fiber function di-fferently in the intestine. Insoluble fibers accele-rate movement through the intestine. Soluble die-tary fibers appear to regulated blood concentra-tions of glucose and cholesterol albeit by some unknown mechanism. In creased viscosity produ-ced by the SDF in the intestine may provide an explanation of how this class of polymers affects plasma glucose cholesterol and other nutrients. Employing a double-perfusion technique in the rat we demonstrated that viscosity produced by SDF will delay transfer of zinc into the circulatory system. This delayed absorption should not be interpreted as decreased utilization. A great deal of additional research is required to prove the importance of luminaly viscosity produced by SDF on slowing nutrient absorption or regulating bllod nutrient homeostasis. Increased intake of TDF in the total human diet appears desirable. A dietary intake of 35g/day should not be considered to have a negative effect on mineral absorption. It is important to educate people that an intake of more than 35g TDF/day may cause an imbalance in the diet that can adve-rsely affect mineral utilization. Acknowledgments. Appreciation is given to Dr. George V. Vahouny(deceased) who was intense a great competitor in and out of science and who gave the author inspiration Portions of this work were supported by the University of Missouri Ag-ricultural Station and by a grant from the Univer-rch Support Grant RR 07053 from the National Institutes of Health. Contribution of the Missouri Agriculatural Experiments Station Journal Series No. 10747.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.7292-7301
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• 2014

IT 정보통신 기술의 발달로 인하여 차량통신분야쪽에서 정보, 전자, 통신기술이 융합된 지능형 교통 시스템의 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. VANET환경에서는 주로 차량과 차랑간의 통신, 차량과 기반 시설간의 통신을 하고 있으며 교통의 편의성 및 안전성을 제공하고 있다. 효율적인 지능형 차량통신을 구축하기 위해서는 보안 기술이 정립되어야 하고, 정적인 네트워크 환경과는 달리 동적인 고속의 이동성을 가지는 VANET환경에서는 차량 통신간의 무선 보안 위협과 많은 취약점이 존재한다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 VANET 환경에서 차량의 차대번호를 사용하여 이를 신원기반 암호기술로 암호화 하여 안전한 메시지 통신 프로토콜을 설계한다. 제안하는 프토로콜은 차량의 차대번호와 RSU의 일련번호를 활용하여 차량을 등록하고, 신원기반 암호화 방식의 안전한 통신 프로토코을 설계한다. 성능 평가부분에서는 기존의 VPKI 기술과 비교하여 속도적인 측면에서 약 44%의 감소하였으며, 안전성에서는 인증, 메시기 기밀성 및 프라이버시 위협등을 분석하였다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.183-200
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• 2009

추천시스템에서 가장 많이 활용되고 있는 협업필터링은 고객들의 과거 구매이력을 기반으로 추천하기 때문에 새로이 출시되는 상품을 추천하는 것이 근본적으로 불가능하다. 이와 같은 협업필터링의 한계점을 극복하기 위하여 많은 연구자들은 추천 대상 고객이 선호하는 상품과 유사한 속성을 가진 상품을 추천하는 내용기반 필터링을 협업필터링과 결합한 하이브리드 추천기법을 제시하였다. 그러나 하이브리드 추천기법은 음악, 영화 등 속성 추출이 용이한 일부 상품의 추천에만 활용될 수 있다는 한계가 있다. 따라서 상품 유형에 관계없이 고객에게 신상품을 효과적으로 추천할 수 있는 새로운 접근방법이 제시될 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 사회연결망분석에서 관계 및 구조적 특성을 분석하기 위해 널리 활용 되고 있는 중심성 개념을 적용하여 상품간의 구매 관계를 파악한 후 이를 기반으로 신상품을 구매할 가능성이 높은 고객을 찾아 신상품을 추천방법을 제안한다. 추천 프로세스는 구매 유사도 분석, 상품 네트워크 구성, 중심성 분석, 신상품 추천 등 네 단계 절차로 나뉘어진다. 제시한 추천방법의 성능을 평가하기 위하여 국내 유명 백화점 중의 하나인 H백화점의 구매 데이터를 사용하여 실험하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 컨볼루션 신경망 구조(Convolution Neural Network)에서 정규화 및 교차검증 횟수 감소를 위한 무작위로 풀링 연산을 선택하는 방법에 대해 설명한다. 컨볼루션 신경망 구조에서 풀링 연산은 피쳐맵(Feature Map) 크기 감소 및 이동 불변(Shift Invariant)을 위해 사용된다. 기존의 풀링 방법은 각 풀링 계층에서 하나의 풀링 연산이 적용된다. 이러한 방법은 학습 간 신경망 구조의 변화가 없기 때문에, 학습 자료에 과도하게 맞추는 과 적합(Overfitting) 문제를 가지고 있다. 또한 최적의 풀링 연산 조합을 찾기 위해서는, 각 풀링 연산 조합에 대해 교차검증을 하여 최고의 성능을 내는 조합을 찾아야 한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해, 풀링 계층에 확률적인 개념을 도입한 무작위 풀링 연산 선택 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 방법은 풀링 계층에 하나의 풀링 연산을 적용하지 않는다. 학습기간 동안 각 풀링 영역에서 여러 풀링 연산 중 하나를 무작위로 선택한다. 그리고 시험 시에는 각 풀링 영역에서 사용된 풀링 연산의 평균을 적용한다. 이러한 방법은 풀링 영역에서 서로 다른 풀링 조합을 사용한 구조의 평균을 한 것으로 볼 수 있다. 따라서, 컨볼루션 신경망 구조가 학습데이터에 과도하게 맞추어지는 과적합 문제를 피할 수 있으며, 또한 각 풀링 계층에서 특정 풀링 연산을 선택할 필요가 없기 때문에 교차 검증 횟수를 감소시킬 수 있다. 실험을 통해, 제안한 방법은 정규화 성능을 향상시킬 뿐만 아니라 및 교차 검증 횟수를 줄일 수 있다는 것을 검증하였다.

• 태양에너지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.29-36
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• 1982

The Solar Energy R&D Department of KIER under the auspice of the Korean government is pushing hard on the development of the passive solar technology with high priority for the expeditious widespread use of solar energy in Korea, since the past few years of experiences told us that the active solar technology is not yet ready for massive commercialization in Korea. KIER has completed the construction of the Solar Energy Research & Test Center in Seoul, which houses the major facilities for its all solar test programs. The Center was designed as a passive solar building with great emphasis on the energy conserving ideas. The Center is not only the largest passive building in Korea, but also the exhibit center for the effective demonstration of the passive heating and cooling technology to the Korean public. The Center was designed to satisfy the requirements based on the technical and economical criteria set by the KIER. Careful considerations, therefore, were given in depth in the following areas to meet the requirements. 1) Passive Heating Concepts The Center employed the combination of direct and indirect gain system. The shape of the Center is Balcomb House style, and it included a large built-in sunspace in front. A partition, consists of transparent and translucent glazings, separates the sunspace and the living space. Since most activities in the Center occur during the day time, direct utilization of the solar energy by the living spaces was emphasized with the limited energy storage capacity. 2) Passive Cooling Concepts(for Summer) Natural ventilation concept was utilized throughout the building. In the direct gain portion of the system, the front glazing can be openable during the cooling season. Natural convection scheme was also applied to the front sunspace for the Summer cooling. Reflective surfaces and curtains were utilized wherever needed. 3) Auxiliary Heat ing and Cooling System As an auxiliary cooling system, mechanical means(forced convection system) were adopted. Therefore forced air heating system was also used to match the duct work requirements of the auxiliary cool ing system. 4) Effect ive Insulation & Others These included the double glazed windows, the double entry doors, the night glazing insulation, the front glazing-frame insulation as well as the building skin insulation. All locally available construction materials were used, and natural lightings were provided as much as possible. The expected annual energy savings (compared to the non-insulated conventional building)of the Center was estimated to be about 80%, which accounts for both the energy conservation and the solar energy source. The Center is being instumented for the actual performance tests. The experimental results of the simplified tests are discussed in this paper.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.141-153
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• 2010

Fashion needs to be understood as practicality and creative behavior and various movements of paintings act as inspirations of original design for fashion designers. This study seeks to find sources of fashion designs in the works of Mark Rothko who is in the center of color-field abstract. Color-field of Rothko provides infinite inspirations as colors are identically treated as shapes and lighting and textures are all included on top of it. In this study, the purpose is to create color focused artistic fashion design by exploring the possibility of expression with the colors of Rothko as the main motive. The study method is as follows. First, the concept and significance of color-field abstract are researched through documented data. Works of Rothko is divided into three periods according to their characteristics. The background of the formation of color-field abstract of Rothko is understood by analyzing the trends of the works in each period. Second, twenty representative works from 1949 to 1969 are selected and analyzed in formative components of color, shape and textures in order to more accurately understand shape of colors, brilliance, simplicity that appear in the mature color-field abstract of Rothko. Third, preexisting methods of color-field of paintings developed into motives of clothing are studied focusing on the collections from 1997 to 2006. Examples of applications of color-field images in modern fashion designs are analyzed. Fourth, motives are selected based on general characteristics of color-field abstract of Rothko and the results of the formative analysis. Clothing is produced that expresses the colors of the paintings of Rothko more effectively. As the results of the study, restrained shapes and textures and various forms of color combinations shown in color-field abstract of Rothko provided deep inspirations on material composition and color planning for fashion design focused on colors. Additionally, needle-punching technique using wool for the production technique enabled relief texture expressions of materials by colors and effective applications of soft and warm atmosphere of color-field abstract of Rothko on clothing. Especially, the ideology of color-field abstract of Rothko of shaping of colors could be expressed and the direction of the development of motives could be presented at the same time by specifically applying color combination method using horizontal division of atypical color-field from the formative characteristics of color-field abstract of Rothko.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.173-193
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• 2016

본 논문의 목적은 신용조회업무 정보시스템에 대한 재난복구 우선순위결정문제를 해결하기 위해서, TOPSIS 방법을 퍼지 환경에 적용시키는 것이다. 본 논문에서 각 정보시스템에 대한 평가와 평가기준에 대한 가중치는 사다리꼴 퍼지 수로 표현되는 언어적 용어로 기술된다. 여기서 두 사다리꼴 퍼지 수들 간의 거리는 vertex 방법으로 측정한다. 그리고 TOPSIS 개념에 따라서, 근접계수를 구해서 모든 정보시스템들의 우선순위를 결정한다. 이와 같은 퍼지집합과 TOPSIS의 통합방법은 다른 다기준 의사결정방법들과 비교해서 여러 장점들이 있는데, 예로써, 의사결정을 민첩하게 할 수 있도록 적은 퍼지 자료로도 파라메타 계산이 가능하고, 또한 동시에 평가 할 수 있는 대안의 수에 제약을 받지 않고, 그리고 새로운 대안이 평가과정에서 추가되어도 순위변경문제가 발생되지 않는다는 점이다. 본 논문은 9개의 평가기준과 6명의 평가자들이 평가하는 9개의 신용조회업무 정보시스템들이 포함된 실제사례에 적용했고, 그리고 업무연속성계획(BCP) 수립위한 체계적인 재난복구체계를 실무자들에게 제공하고 있다. 결론적으로 본 논문에서 제시한 퍼지 TOPSIS 방법의 적용절차는 신용조회업무 정보시스템에 대한 재난복구 우선순위결정문제를 해결하는 의사결정도구로 매우 적절한 것이다.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제32권
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• pp.369-405
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• 2006

본 연구는 정치적 소수자의 하나인 대학생을 중심으로 인터넷 시대에 나타날 수 있는 정치참여의 양태의 변화를 고찰하는데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 특히 전통적인 오프라인의 정치참여 뿐만 아니라 새로운 온라인 정치참여 방식의 발현이 어떻게 나타나는지에 대해 정치효능감과 정치신뢰감을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 총 221명의 대학생을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행한 결과 몇 가지 점을 발견할 수 있었다. 첫째, 전반적으로 정치효능감은 오프라인 및 온라인 모두에 걸쳐 정치참여에 정적인 영향을 미치는 주요한 변인으로 나타났다. 둘째, 반면 정치신뢰감은 어떤 형태의 정치참여방식에도 독립적인 영향력을 미치지 못하였다. 셋째, 정치효능감과 정치신뢰감의 상호작용효과는 온라인상의 정치참여에서 나타났다. 높은 정치효능감의 집단에서 낮은 정치신뢰감을 갖고 있는 사람들이 상대적으로 온라인 정치참여도가 높게 나타났다. 반면 중간 정도의 정치효능감의 집단에서는 높은 정치신뢰감을 가진 사람들이 가장 높은 정치참여도를 보였다. 그러나 낮은 정치효능감 집단에서는 정치신뢰감의 크기에 상관없이 거의 정치참여를 하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 차후의 연구에서는 이 두 변인 외에 다른 변인들과의 관계를 포함하여 보다 포괄적인 정치참여의 구조모형을 설정하는 것이 필요할 것이다.