• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2019

In this study, we investigated the effects of anodizing time, dyeing treatment time, and variations in coloring concentration on the color of an AA5052 alloy processed by dye-treated anodizing. The outward color of the anodized film changed to deep red according to increases in anodizing time, dyeing treatment time, and coloring concentration; accordingly, lightness $L^*$ decreased and saturation $a^*$ and $b^*$ increased. The concentration of the dye and the UV-visible absorbance showed a nearly perfect linear relationship, allowing a quantitative analysis of the absorbed dye. Because the quantity of absorbed dye increased as anodizing time, dyeing treatment time, and coloring concentration increased, the outward color of the anodized film deepened. In addition, from the GD-OES depth profile, we found that the dye was preferentially absorbed on the surface of the porous anodized film.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.297-303
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• 2004

꼭두서니에서 추출한 염료를 이용해 몇 가지 조건에서 견직물을 천연염색 해 봄으로써 견직물에 대한 꼭두서니의 염색성과 염료로서의 이용성을 조사하였다. 꼭두서니 추출물로 모시 섬유를 염색 한 결과 표면색은 YR계열로 나타났으나 매염제에 따라 다소 차이가 있어 FeSO$_4$, SnC1$_4$, tartaric acid에서 는 Y계열로, 동백, 콩대재에서는 R계열로 나타났다. 염색온도에 따른 모시섬유의 표면색과 염착농도는 염색온도가 높을수록 a값이 증가한 반면에 b값은 감소되었고, L값은 낮아졌다. 염착농도는 7$0^{\circ}C$ , 9$0^{\circ}C$, 6$0^{\circ}C$순으로 높았다. 염액의 pH에 따른 표면색은 pH 4와 9에서는 순 Y계열을 나타냈으며, 염착농도는 산이 강할수록 K/S값이 다소 높게 나타났다. 염액의 농도에 따른 표면색은 농도에 관계없이 기본적으로 YR계 열로 발색 되었으며 , 염착농도는 염액의 농도가 높을 수록 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 염 색시간에 따른 표면색과 염착농도는 10-120분간에 큰 차이가 없어 10분간으로도 충분한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.42-50
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• 2008

The objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy of pomegranate hull colorant as a natural hair coloring dye. The extract of pomegranate hull was concentrated and freeze-dried to get colorant powder. Effect of dyeing condition and mordanting on the dye uptake of hair by using Al, Fe, Cu, Cr, Sn compounds, color change and colorfastness were explored. In addition, tensile strength was measured and the surface of the hair was observed. Dye uptake of hair measured by K/S value (400 nm) indicated that ionic bonding seems to be involved in the sorption of pomegranate colorant to hair. Maximum sorption was obtained at pH 3.5 and the concentration of 50% (on the weight of hair, o.w.h.). Acidic dyeing condition (pH $3.5{\sim}5.0$) showed yellow color however alkaline dyeing condition (pH $7{\sim}11$) gave reddish yellow color. Pomegranate hull colorant produced greyish brown color on hair and the hair mordanted with Fe showed dark brown color. Mordants except Fe did not increase dye uptake significantly. Mordants except Cu increased light fastness and mordants except Cr increased washing fastness level slightly. According to SEM observation and the tensile strength retention measurement, the mordant dyed hair gave more damage to hair by ultraviolet light and washing than the hair dyed without mordanting. Experimental results of K/S value and colorfastness(light and washing) supported that pomegranate hull colorant without mordanting can be used as a semi-permanent natural hair coloring dye.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.186-193
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• 2005

천연염료로서 금계국의 이용가능성과 금계국 식물체에서 추출한 염료를 이용한 천연염색시 천연매염제 처리농도, 매염방법 및 종류에 따른 견직물의 염색성을 조사하였다. 금계국 추출물로 견직물을 염색한 결과 표면색상은 무매염시 Y계열로 나타났으며, 매염처리시는 Y 및 YR 계열로 나타나 천연 염료로서의 이용 가능성이 충분했다. 동백나무 회즙, 굴껄질 회즙, 노린재 나무 회즙을 $10\%,\;20\%,\;30\%$ 농도로 매염처리 한 후 견직물의 염색성을 조사한 결과 농도에 따른 표면색상 변화는 거의 없었으나 염착농도는 $20\%$에서 가장 좋았다. 견직물의 표면색은 매염처리 방법에는 큰 영향을 받지 않았으나 염착농도는 후매염, 선매염, 동시매염 처리구 순으로 높게 나타났다. 금계국 추출물로 천연염색한 견직물에 29종의 천연매염제를 처리한 결과 견직물의 표면색은 동백나무와 사스레피나무 회즙 매염처리구에서만 YR계열을 나타냈고, 그외 처리구에서는 Y계열로 나타났다. 또 천연매염제를 처리한 결과 염착농도는 무매염 처리구에 비해 월등히 높아져 천연매염제로서도 매염효과를 충분히 낼 수 있음을 확인되었다.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.547-552
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• 2005

The study has objective in raising value of the gray color as a meaningful color suiting sentiments of modern people by expressing the gray color in various perspective utilizing natural dyes that is natural at the same time having aesthetic color tones. For example, the main ingredient used for coloring black and gray color is the pyrogallol tannin and the gray tone dye can be acquired by combining the tannin with iron. In order to find the suitable condition for processing tannin, UV-Vis part absorption spectrum of Gallapple pyrogallol tannin, dye ability based on temperature and time, reflection rate based on concentration, color changes based on acid treatment and alkali treatment, changes on surface based on concentration or metal mordant condition, and lightfastness were measured. Maximum absorption wavelength (${\lambda}_{max}$) of Gallapple tannin was at around 273 nm, while strong absorption was also observed at below 350 nm. Dye ability of Gallapple tannin is done more easily on silk rather than cellulose fibers such as cotton, while the optimum condition for dyeing was observed to be at $60^{\circ}C$, for 20 minutes. As a result of acid treatment, the color of dye material consist highly of gray tones and showed red tone after the alkali treatment. While it was observed that as dye concentration and metal mordant concentration increased the color changed at counter-clockwise direction on the Y-scale of Munsell's scale of colors. Lightfastness was more on a normal fading. I hope this study opens up possibilities towards presenting gray color expressed from tannin as color with diversity and aesthetic value. In future, comparative study between dye expressed from catechol tannin dye materials will be helpful.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2019

In this study, improving the wash and rubbing fastness of a natural coloring matter from Madder extract dyed on Tencel nonwoven. The cationic finishing agent(RBP), nonionic finishing agent(HPX) and mordant(PAW) were used to improving the color fastness. The two types(exhaustion and pad-dry-cure) finishing process were investigated with various finishing agent concentration. The color strength, wash and rubbing fastness of Tencel nonwoven dyed with Madder extract have been evaluated by various dye concentration and finishing agent. The exhaustion process treated with the cationic finishing agent(RBP) was effective to improving washing and rubbing fastness.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2007

Opuntia Ficus has been an epiphyte plant since it was introduced in Cheju island as an ornamental plant two hundred years ago. And now it is grown as many as it is designated to local souvenir No.35. The fruit of this plant contains red-purple sap, which is due to be used in coloring clothes. This study aims at confirmation of use possibility as eco-friendly dyeing stuffs on extract from opuntia ficus fruits and contributing to the practical use of natural dyeing. Thus this study was investigated the dyeability of extract from opuntia ficus fruits on the silk fabric. Antioxidants were used ascorbic acid, L-cysteine, prophyl gallete. After dyeing, K/S and dye fastness were measured. The results were as follows; Maximum absorption band of extract from opuntia ficus fruits was 534.5nm. The appropriate dyeing condition was bath ratio 50:1, dyeing temperature $30^{\circ}C$, dyeing concentration 50%, dyeing time 50min, pH 3,concentration of all antioxidants 3%. Addition of antioxidants brought increase of K/S value. And K/S value and dye fastness had the greatest value when ascorbic acid was added

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.391-400
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of safflower yellow colorant as a natural dye for hair coloring. The dyeing properties of safflower yellow colorant on hair were explored to obtain optimum conditions. Also, the effect of mordant was studied in terms of dye uptake, colorfastness, and hair damage to better understand the characteristics of the colorant. Tensile strength measurement and SEM analysis were carried out for investigating hair damage to light exposure and washing. On the basis of obtained results considering possible hair damage, optimum dyeing conditions were set 100%(o.w.h.) colorant concentration, pH 5, $40^{\circ}C$, and 20min. Dye uptake was improved more effectively by repeated dyeing rather than by increasing concentration. Pre-mordanting method improved dye uptake slightly, irrespective of mordant type. The safflower yellow colorant produced Y colors on hair. Cu and Fe mordants improved washing and light fastness slightly. Better strength retention was obtained with the mordanted-dyed hair than the unmordanted-dyed hair after light irradiation for 40 hours and 10 repeated washing. The hair was more damaged by light exposure than by washing. It was concluded that the safflower yellow colorant can be used as a natural semi-permanent hair dye producing Y color without mordanting.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.593-602
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 적색계 천연염료를 이용한 견직물의 무매염 염색을 다룬 국내논문들을 고찰하여 무매염 염색의 염색성을 알아보는 것이다. 연구대상인 천연염재는 자색 고구마, 봉선화, 오디, 광나무 열매, 구아바 잎, 단삼, 히비스커스 꽃, 복숭아나무 전정가지로 총 8가지이다. 염색실험의 결과는 색차식에 의하여 $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, C 및 ${\Delta}E^*$와 Munsell표에 의한 H V/C, Kubelka Munk식에 따라 K/S값을 산출하여 표면색을 측정하여 살펴보았다. 염색실험 변인은 염액농도, 염색온도, 염색시간, 염색반복횟수이며, 변인의 변화에 따라 염색성과 색채특성을 알아보았다. 문헌고찰 결과, 염색실험 변인은 견직물에 대한 천연염료의 염착성과 상관관계가 있을 뿐만 아니라 적색 발현에도 상관관계가 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 천연염색 과정에서 환경오염을 일으키는 반복적인 염색이나 매염제 사용 등을 하지 않아도 적색이 다양하게 발현되고 염색성도 우수할 수 있음을 보였다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to develop the dyeing method with dry leaves of indigo plant. Coloring matter was extracted from dry leaves of indigo plant with hot sodium hydroxide solution. The extract was reduced with sodium dithionite, and it was used for dyeing cotton fabrics under various conditions. UV-visible absorption spectra of extract, reduction rate of extracts by reducing agent, and the surface color of dyed cotton, lightfastness were examined. For the initial 20 minutes, the absorbance of indigo solution rapidly decreased. However, several hours later, the decreasing rate retarded. By repeating the dyeing process, the shade looked deeper and deeper. At $30-40^{\circ}C$, the value of K/S reached the highest point. The concentration of indigo solution in dye bath seemed to playa critical role for the reaction of the reducing agent. It was observed that the surface color of cotton fabrics was getting bluish and its degree of value and chroma seemed slightly decreased as the K/S value was increasing. The lightfastness was clearly enhanced by increasing the K/S value.