• 농업과학연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.214-224
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• 1976

양생온도(養生溫度)가 혼화재(混和材)를 사용(使用)한 모르터의 강도(强度)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)키 위해서 양생온도(養生溫度)를 $20^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$, $35^{\circ}C$로 하여 모르터의 압축(壓縮), 인장(引張), 곡강도시험(曲强度試驗)을 실시(實施)하였고 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 양생온도(養生溫度) $1^{\circ}C$ 상승(上昇)에 대(對)한 강도증가(强度增加)는 기준강도(基準强度)에 대(對)하여 연탄재첨가시(添加時) 압축강도(壓縮强度)에서 1.58%, 인장강도(引張强度)에서 0.96%, 곡강도(曲强度)에서 1.26% 증가(增加)했다. 동일(同一)한 경우 플라이애쉬 첨가시(添加時) 압축강도(壓縮强度)에서 1.3%, 인장강도(引張强度)에서 0.99%, 곡강도(曲强度)에서 1.18%의 증가(增加)를 나타냈다. 압축강도(壓縮强度)는 플라이애쉬 첨가량(添加量) 25%에서 인장강도(引張强度)는 20%, 곡강도(曲强度)도 20%에서 최대치(最大値)를 나타냈다. 연탄재를 혼합(混合)한 경우 압축강도(壓縮强度)에서 20% 인장강도(引張强度)에서 15~20%, 곡강도(曲强度)에서 20% 첨가(添加)할 때 최대치(最大値)를 나타냈다. 연탄재 첨가(添加)의 경우가 플라이애쉬 첨가(添加)의 경우 보다 저강도(低强度)이나 양생온도(養生溫度)의 조절(調節)로 소요(所要)의 강도(强度)를 얻을수 있기 때문에 혼화재(混和材)로서 개발(開發)할 여지(餘地)가 충분(充分)히 있는 것으로 사료(思料)된다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.796-799
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• 2005

In 2005, a regulation on the heavy-weight impact sound was released, which restricted concrete slab thickness of standard floor to 210mm. To reduce heavy-weight impact sound, damping materials and structural reinforcement system have been proposed. In this study, the effect of compressive strength on the heavy-weight impact vibration and sound were investigated. FEM analysis was conducted for the 34PY apartment with different concrete strength (210, 350, 420kg/cm$^2$). In addition, apartment floors with different concrete strength were constructed and the floor impact vibration and sound were measured. Results of FEM analysis and measurement show that the resonance frequency of concrete slab was increased by the increment of concrete strength. However, floor impact sound pressure level did not decrease because the nor impact vibration and sound pressure level in 63Hz band increased.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.691-707
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• 2004

This paper presents the micro-mechanical modeling for predicting concrete behavior under compressive loading. The model is able to represent the heterogeneities in the microstructure up to three phases, i.e., aggregate particles, matrix and interfaces. The smeared crack concept based on non-linear fracture mechanics is implemented in order to formulate the constitutive relation for each component. The splitting tensile strength is considered as a fracture criterion for cracking in micro-level. The finite element method is employed to simulate the model based on plane stress condition by using quadratic triangular elements. The validation of the model is verified by comparing with the experimental results. The influence of tensile strength from both aggregate and matrix phases on the concrete compressive strength is demonstrated. In addition, a guideline on selecting appropriate tensile strength for each phase to obtain specified concrete compressive strength is also presented.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2017년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.107-108
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to derive the optimum water absorbing curing time. It was found that the cement paste compressive strength was increased with the water absorbing ratio up to 40%, but the compressive strength was slightly lower when the catch level was over 50%. It is considered that the superfluous water did not react and remained in the inside of the specimen, causing microcracks in the inside due to the high temperature curing, resulting in a decrease in strength. Therefore, it is considered that the optimum catcher curing time for improving the strength through catcher curing is when the catcher reaches 40%.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.495-508
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• 2012

The strength theory of concrete is significant to structure design and nonlinear finite element analysis of concrete structures because concrete utilized in engineering is usually subject to the action of multi-axial stress. Experimental results have revealed that lightweight aggregate (LWA) concrete exhibits plastic flow plateau under high compressive stress and most of the lightweight aggregates are crushed at this stage. For the purpose of safety, therefore, in the practical application the strength of LWA concrete at the plastic flow plateau stage should be regarded as the ultimate strength under multi-axial compressive stress state. With consideration of the strength criterion, the ultimate strength surface of LWA concrete under multi-axial stress intersects with the hydrostatic stress axis at two different points, which is completely different from that of the normal weight concrete as that the ultimate strength surface is open-ended. As a result, the strength criteria aimed at normal weight concrete do not fit LWA concrete. In the present paper, a multi-axial strength criterion for LWA concrete is proposed based on the Unified Twin-Shear Strength (UTSS) theory developed by Prof Yu (Yu et al. 1992), which takes into account the above strength characteristics of LWA under high compressive stress level. In this strength criterion model, the tensile and compressive meridians as well as the ultimate strength envelopes in deviatoric plane under different hydrostatic stress are established just in terms of a few characteristic stress states, i.e., the uniaxial tensile strength $f_t$, the uniaxial compressive strength $f_c$, and the equibiaxial compressive $f_{bc}$. The developed model was confirmed to agree well with experimental data under different stress ratios of LWA concrete.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.2105-2113
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• 1995

The compressive tests under impact conditions were performed to establish a design guide for impact damage tolerance. The composition of layup was selected for the real cases of composite aircraft structure. The energy level of visible of visible damage threshold was determined as 7 Joules. It was found that the normalized bending stiffnesses in the direction of closely fixed boundary affected the area of damage. Graphite/epoxy used in the tests exhibited 60% reduction in compression strength at the energy level of visible damage threshold. Wet-conditioned specimens represented 9% reduction in residual compressive strength in comparison with room temperature ambient specimens. In this study, a design factor of 2.1 was proposed for the low velocity impact damage.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2010년도 춘계 학술대회 제22권1호
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• pp.227-228
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• 2010

경량콘크리트의 유동성과 압축강도에 대한 경량잔골재 치환율의 영향을 평가하기 위해 경량잔골재치환율을 주요변수로 5배합의 경량콘크리트가 배합되었다. 실험결과 경량잔골재의 치환율이 증가할수록 슬럼프 손실 기울기는 증가하였으며, 압축강도 발현율에는 큰 영향이 없었다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.495-502
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• 2023

In this study, stress relaxation tests were carried out by keeping silt type soil specimens under different strain levels. Decreases in the stress values with time data was collected to better understand the effect of the strain level on the relaxation properties of soil specimens. In addition, the stress relaxation effect on the uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) values of the specimens was investigated with a series of tests. According to the results obtained from this study, the UCS values of the silt specimens significantly vary as a result of the stress relaxation effect. The UCS values were determined to increase with an increase of relaxation strain level to a threshold value. On the other hand, the UCS values were found to be affected adversely in case of high stress levels at the initiation of the relaxation, which are close to the peak level.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.477-488
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• 2017

In this paper, an innovative technique for finite element (FE) modeling of steel tube-confined concrete (STCC) columns with active confinement under axial compressive loading is presented. In this method, a new constitutive model for the stress-strain relationship of actively-confined concrete is proposed. In total, 14 series of experimental STCC stub columns having active confinement were modeled using the ABAQUS software. The results obtained from the 3D model including the compressive strength at the initial peak point and failure point, as well as the axial and lateral stress-strain curves were compared with the experimental results to verify the accuracy of the 3D model. It was found that there existed a good agreement between them. A parametric study was conducted to investigate the effect of the concrete compressive strength, steel tube wall thickness, and pre-stressing level on the behavior of STCC columns with active confinement. The results indicated that increasing the concrete core's compressive strength leads to an increase in the compressive strength of the active composite column as well as its earlier failure. Furthermore, a reduction in the tube external diameter-to-wall thickness ratio affects the axial stress-strain curve and the confining pressure, while increasing the pre-stressing level has a negligible effect on the two.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.865-868
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• 2006

An experimental investigation was carried out to evaluate the transient strain of concrete at high temperature. Two level of W/B ratio were selected as 46% and 32%. Four level of preload were adopted as 0, 15, 30, 45% of compressive strength. The entire temperature range was between room temperature and $700^{\circ}C$. Based on the test results, transient strain of concrete at high temperature was affected by the compressive strength as well as the preload level.