• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2005

데크플레이트와 콘크리트가 합성되어 있는 합성 바닥판 구조물은 데크플레이트의 골 방향과 골 직각방향에 대하여 강성이 다르므로 직교이방성판 거동을 보이고 있으며 테크플레이트와 콘크리트의 합성 거동으로 인하여 적층 바닥판 구조물로 평가할 수 있다. 이러한 합성데크 바닥판 구조물의 진동에 대한 정확한 사용성 평가를 위해서는 합성데크 바닥판 구조물의 정밀 진동해석을 수행하여야 한다. 이를 위해서는 합성데크 바닥판 구조물의 강성에 대한 직교이방성 그리고 데크플레이트와 콘크리트의 합성에 대한 정확한 거동 평가가 수반되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 합성데크 바닥판 구조물의 골 직각 방향에 대한 강성을 계산하기 위하여 각각의 토핑 콘크리트 두께와 데크플레이트 두께를 적용하였다. 또한 골 방향에 대한 강성을 계산하기 위하여 콘크리트와 데크플레이트의 단면 강성을 구하여 등가두께를 적용하였다. 그리고 콘크리트와 데크플레이트의 합성거동을 표현하기 위하여 적층판에 대한 등가 강성식을 적용, 합성데크 바닥판 구조물의 강성을 나타내었다. 본 논문에서 제안한 합성데크 바닥판 구조물의 실용적인 모형화방법을 적용할 경우에 합성데크 바닥판 구조물의 강성에 대한 직교이방성과 콘크리트와 데크플레이트의 합성 거동을 잘 표현할 수 있었다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.633-642
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• 2006

연속 강합성 교량에 종방향 프리스트레스를 도입해야 하는 프리캐스트 바닥판을 적용하기 위해서는 균열제어를 위한 사용성 설계가 이루어져야 한다. 특히, 2거더 교량의 경우에는 장지간 바닥판의 설계에서 요구되는 주철근 및 횡방향 프리스트레스와 합성설계를 위해 요구되는 전단포켓의 존재로 인해서 상세가 복잡해지게 된다. 이 논문에서는 2거더 연속강합성 교량의 프리캐스트 바닥판 채용을 위해서 필요한 유효 프리스트레스 크기의 산정과 상세의 단순화를 이루기 위해서 부착강도를 인정할 수 있는 채움재료의 선정 및 그 기준을 제시하였다. 또한, 장기거동에 대한 평가 방안을 제시하고 그 결과로부터 초기 프리스트레스의 크기 결정을 수행하여 기존의 설계의 개선 정도를 평가하였다. 일정 수준이상의 부착강도를 갖는 채움재료를 부모멘트가 크게 발생하는 영역에 사용하면 연속 강합성 교량의 전구간에 걸쳐서 일정한 종방향 프리스트레스 도입이 가능하고 이로 인해 상세의 단순화 및 경제성을 높일 수 있다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.507-519
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• 2020

Double skin composite walls are increasingly popular and have been applied to many safety-related facilities. They come from the concept of composite slabs. Conventional connectors such as shear studs and binding bars were used in previous studies to act as the internal mechanical connectors to lock the external steel faceplates to the concrete core. However, the restraint effects of these connectors were sometimes not strong enough. In this research, a recently proposed unique type of steel truss was employed along the wall height to enhance the composite action between the two materials. Concrete-filled tube columns were used as the boundary elements. Due to the existence of boundary columns, the restraints of steel faceplates to the concrete differ significantly for the walls with different widths. Therefore, there is a need to explore the effect of height-to-width ratio on the structural behavior of the wall. In the test program, three specimens were designed with the height of 3000 mm, the thickness of 150 mm, and different widths, to simulate the real walls in practice. Axial compression was applied by two actuators on the tested walls. The axial behavior of the walls was evaluated based on the analysis of test results. The influences of height-to-width ratio on structural performance were evaluated. Finally, discussion was made on code-based design.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.589-603
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• 2020

This paper presents an investigation of the thermal performance of composite floor slabs with profiled steel decking exposed to fire effects from floor. A detailed finite-element model has been developed by representing the concrete slab with steel decking under of it and steel beam both steel parts protected by intumescent coating. Although this type of floor systems offers a better fire resistance, passive fire protection materials should be applied when a higher fire resistance is desired. Moreover, fire exposed side is so crucial for composite slab systems as the total fire behaviour of the floor system changes dramatically. When the fire attack from steel parts, the temperature rises rapidly resulting in a sudden decrease on the strength of the beam and decking. Herein this paper, the fire attack side is assumed from the face of the concrete floor (top of the concrete assembly). Therefore, the heat is transferred through concrete to the steel decking and reaching finally to the steel beam both protected by intumescent coating. In this work, the numerical model has been established to predict the heat transfer performance including material properties such as thermal conductivity, specific heat and dry film thickness of intumescent coating. The developed numerical model has been divided into different layers to understand the sensitivity of steel temperature to the number of layers of intumescent coating. Results show that the protected composite floors offer a higher fire resistance as the temperature of the steel section remains below 60℃ even after 60-minute Standard (ISO) fire and Fast fire exposure. Obtaining lower temperatures in steel due to the great fire performance of the concrete itself results in lesser reductions of strength and stiffness hence, lesser deflections.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2013

프리텐션 방식을 사용한 PSC 휨부재는 시공이 간편하고 품질관리가 용이하기 때문에 최근 토목분야에서 적용된 사례가 증가하고 있다. 특히, PSC 휨부재의 종류 중 하나인 반단면 프리캐스트 콘크리트 합성 슬래브는 롱라인 공법을 적용하여 최근에 개발되었다. 반단면 프리캐스트 콘크리트 합성 슬래브는 프리캐스트 콘크리트와 현장타설 콘크리트를 합성하여 제작한다. 이 연구에서는 롱라인 공법으로 제작한 프리캐스트 PSC를 적용한 반단면 프리캐스트 콘크리트 합성 슬래브의 프리스트레스 도입 효율과 휨강도에 대한 실험을 실시하고 그 결과를 제시하였다. 롱라인 공법은 한번의 긴장력 도입으로 여러 개의 부재를 생산할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 또한, 프리캐스트 PSC 내에 매입되어 있는 철근의 영향을 고려하여 반단면 프리캐스트 콘크리트 합성 슬래브의 휨강도를 합리적으로 평가할 수 있는 식을 제시하였다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2018

The progressive collapse resistance performance of a steel structure constructed using the moment frame with the WUF-B connection and the composite slabs was evaluated. GSA 2003 was adapted for the evaluation. Additionally the structural robustness and the sensitivity against the progressive collapse were analyzed. In the numerical analysis, a reduced model comprised of the beam and spring elements for WUF-B connection was adapted. The composite slab was modeled using the composite-shell element. Instead of the time-consuming dynamic analysis for the effect of the sudden column removal, the equivalent energy-based static analysis was effectively applied. The analysis results showed that the structure was the most vulnerable to in the case of the internal column removal, however it satisfied the chord rotation criterion of GSA 2003 due to the contribution of the composite slab which improved the stiffness of structure. In the robustness evaluation, the structural performance showed more than 2.5 times of the requirement according to GSA 2003, and the structural sensitivity analysis indicated the decrease of 33% of the initial structural performance.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.199-215
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• 2024

The Caynarachi Bridge is a 130 m long posttensioned steel-concrete composite bridge built in Peru. The structural performance of this bridge under construction loads is reviewed in this paper using numerical simulation. Hence, a numerical model using shell finite elements to trace its deformational behavior at service conditions is proposed. The geometry and boundary conditions of the superstructure are updated according to the construction schedule. Firstly, the adequacy of the proposed model is validated with the field measurements obtained from the static truck load test. Secondly, the study of other scenarios less explored in research are performed to investigate the effect of some variables on bridge performance such as time effects, sequence of execution of concrete slabs and type of supports conditions at the abutments. The obtained results show that the original sequence of execution of the superstructure better behaves mechanically in relation to the other studied scenarios, yielding smaller stresses at critical cross sections with staging. It is also demonstrated that an improper slab staging may lead to more critical stresses at the studied cross sections and that casting the concrete slab at the negative moment regions first can lead to an optimal design. Also, the long-term displacements can be accurately predicted using an equivalent composite resistance cross section defined by a steel to concrete modulus ratio equal to three. This article gives some insights into the potential shortcomings or advantages of the original design through high-fidelity finite element simulations and reinforces the understating of posttensioned composite bridges with staging.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.803-811
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• 2002

일반적으로 강콘크리트 합성형교는 불완전합성에 대한 해석의 복잡함 때문에 강재와 콘크리트 계면에서의 상대변위가 발생하지 않는 완전합성형으로 설계된다. 그러나, 이러한 설계는 기존 강합성형 의 거동을 평가하는 경우 실제 구조물의 내하력과 내구성을 정확하게 도출하지 못하게 된다. 이러한 경우에는 불완전합성이론을 이용하여 구조물의 거동을 정확히 반영해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 집중하중을 받는 단순합성형교에 대하여 처짐 거동을 고려한 불완전합성곡률의 변화양상을 확인하기 위하여 유한요소해석 모델을 이용하여 전단연결재의 배치간격과 배치열수 그리고 콘크리트 탄성계수를 매개변수로 선택하여 해석을 수행하였다. 본 연구의 결과로서 합성형의 처짐이 증가할수록 불완전합성 정도가 증가함을 알 수 있었으며, 콘크리트 슬래브에서 균열이 발생으로 인한 강성 및 강도의 감소가 합성정도에 큰 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.773-791
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• 2023

Connections with damage concentrated to pre-selected components can enhance seismic resilience for moment resisting frames. These pre-selected components always yield early to dissipate energy, and their energy dissipation mechanisms vary from one to another, depending on their position in the connection, geometry configuration details, and mechanical characteristics. This paper presents behaviour insights on two types of beam-to-beam connections that the angles were designed as energy dissipation components, through the results of experimental study and finite element analysis. Firstly, an experimental programme was reviewed, and key responses concerning the working mechanism of the connections were presented, including strain distribution at the critical section, section force responses of essential components, and initial stiffness of test specimens. Subsequently, finite element models of three specimens were established to further interpret their behaviour and response that were not observable in the tests. The moment and shear force transfer paths of the composite connections were clarified through the test results and finite element analysis. It was observed that the bending moment is mainly resisted by axial forces from the components, and the dominant axial force is from the bottom angles; the shear force at the critical section is primarily taken by the slab and the components near the top flange. Lastly, based on the insights on the load transfer path of the composite connections, preliminary design recommendations are proposed. In particular, a resistance requirement, quantified by a moment capacity ratio, was placed on the connections. Design models and equations were also developed for predicting the yield moment resistance and the shear resistance of the connections. A flexible beam model was proposed to quantify the shear resistance of essential components.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.319-336
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• 2024

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) has attracted increasing attention in prefabricated steel-concrete composite beams as achieving the onsite construction time savings and structural performance improvement. The inferior replacement and removal efficiency of conventional prefabricated steel-UHPC composite beams (PSUCBs) has thwarted its sustainable applications because of the widely used welded-connectors. Single embedded nut bolted shear connectors (SENBs) have recently introduced as an attempt to enhance demountability of PSUCBs. An in-depth exploration of the mechanical behavior of SENBs in UHPC is necessary to evidence feasibilities of corresponding PSUCBs. However, existing research has been limited to SENB arrangement impacts and lacked considerations on SENB geometric configuration counterparts. To this end, this paper performed twenty push-out tests and theoretical analyses on the shear performance and design recommendation of SENBs. Key test parameters comprised the diameter and grade of SENBs, degree and sequence of pretension, concrete casting method and connector type. Test results indicated that both diameters and grades of bolts exerted remarkable impacts on the SENB shear performance with respect to the shear and frictional responses. Also, there was limited influence of the bolt preload degrees on the shear capacity and ductility of SENBs, but non-negligible contributions to their corresponding frictional resistance and initial shear stiffness. Moreover, inverse pretension sequences or monolithic cast slabs presented slight improvements in the ultimate shear and slip capacity. Finally, design-oriented models with higher accuracy were introduced for predictions of the ultimate shear resistance and load-slip relationship of SENBs in PSUCBs.