• 복식
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.58-69
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate types and formative characteristics of 'Seon' represented of costume in Amitabha of the late Koryo Dynasty. The results were as follows; The type of 'Seon' is classified into Standard, Decoration and Application types. According to three types, the types of the standard are subdivided into same rotor and no pattern and different color and no pattern, the types of the decoration are subdivided into same color and pattern and different color and pattern, And the types of the application are subdivided into wrinkle and beads-decorated wrinkle according to whether decorative beads exist or not. In the Standard type of Seon, same color and no pattern in the Decoration type of Seon, different color and pattern was most often used as its type while, in the applied type of Seon had its main type of beads-decorated wrinkle. Patterns used for Seon were complex in its composition type and filing in its arrangement style. Seon was used mainly for guneui(裙衣) and daeeui(大衣). The color arrangement of Seon, in most cases, used complementary colors, followed by same ones. Regarding costumes aesthetic characteristics in accordance with the type of Seon, those costumes appeared natural and plain when their Seon was same color and no pattern in type, artificial and plain when their Seon was different color and no pattern in type, natural and brilliant when same color and pattern in type and artificial and brilliant when different color and pattern. In regard to the applied type of Seon, such costumes looked sophisticated and delicate when their Seon was wrinkle in type and dynamic and decorative when beads-decorated wrinkle.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.262-271
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• 2014

Objectives This research was proposed to present Clinical Practice Guideline(CPG) for Soyangin Disease of Sasang Constitutional Medicine (SCM) ; Chest-Heat congested(Hyunggyeok-yeol) Symptomatology. Methods This CPG was developed by the national-wide experts committee consisting of SCM professors. First, collection and organization of literature related to SCM such as Donguisusebowon, Text book of SCM, Clinical Guidebook of SCM and Fundamental research to standardize diagnosis of Sasang Constitutional Medicine was performed. Secondly, journals related to clinical trial or Human complementary medicine of SCM were searched. Finally, 4 articles were selected and included in CPG for Chest-Heat congested(Hyunggyeok-yeol) Symptomatology of Stomach Heat-based Interior Heat disease in Soyangin disease. Results & Conclusions CPG of Chest-Heat congested(Hyunggyeok-yeol) symptomatology in Soyangin disease includes classification, definition and standard symptoms of each pattern. Chest-Heat congested(Hyunggyeok-yeol) symptomatology is classified into mild and moderate pattern by severity. Chest-Heat(Hyunggyeok-yeol) symptomatology Mild pattern is classified into Chest-Heat congested(Hyunggyeok-yeol) initial pattern and Chest-Heat congested(Hyunggyeok-yeol) advanced pattern. And Chest-Heat congested (Hyunggyeok-yeol) moderate pattern is classified into Clear Yang Failure of Stomach(Weguck-cheongyang Bulsagnseung) pattern (Upper wasting-thirst(Sangso) pattern), Clear Yang Failure of Large Intestine (Daejang-cheongyang Bulsangseung) pattern (Middle wasting-thirst (Jungso) pattern).

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.53-74
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• 2009

In recent years, several computer-aided pattern recognition and data mining techniques have been developed for modeling of soil behavior. The main idea behind a pattern recognition system is that it learns adaptively from experience and is able to provide predictions for new cases. Artificial neural networks are the most widely used pattern recognition methods that have been utilized to model soil behavior. Recently, the authors have pioneered the application of genetic programming (GP) and evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR) techniques for modeling of soils and a number of other geotechnical applications. The paper reviews applications of pattern recognition and data mining systems in geotechnical engineering with particular reference to constitutive modeling of soils. It covers applications of artificial neural network, genetic programming and evolutionary programming approaches for soil modeling. It is suggested that these systems could be developed as efficient tools for modeling of soils and analysis of geotechnical engineering problems, especially for cases where the behavior is too complex and conventional models are unable to effectively describe various aspects of the behavior. It is also recognized that these techniques are complementary to conventional soil models rather than a substitute to them.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.241-250
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• 2014

Objectives This research was proposed to present Clinical Practice Guideline(CPG) for Soyangin Disease of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM): Lessor-Yang Wind-Injury (Soyang-sangpung) Symptomatology. This CPG was developed by the national-wide experts committee consisting of SCM professors. Methods First, it was performed that search and collection of literature related SCM such as "Dongeuisusebowon", Textbook of SCM, Clinical Guidebook of SCM and Fundamental research to standardize diagnosis of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. And journal search related to clinical trial or Human complementary medicine of SCM was performed domestic and overseas. Finally, 1 articles were selected and included in CPG for Lessor-Yang Wind-Injury (Soyang-sangpung) Symptomatology of Spleen Cold-based Exterior Cold (Bisuhan-pyohan) disease in Soyangin Disease. Results & Conclusions The CPG of Lessor-Yang Wind-Injury (Soyang-sangpung) Symptomatology in Soyangin Disease include classification, definition and standard symptoms of each pattern. Lessor-Yang Wind-Injury (Soyang-sangpung) Symptomatology is classified into mild and moderate pattern by severity. Lessor-Yang Wind-Injury (Soyang-sangpung) Symptomatology mild pattern is classified into initial pattern and advanced pattern. Lesser-Yang Wind-Injury (Soyang-sangpung) symptomatology moderate pattern is classified into Chest-binding (Gyeolhyoong) pattern and Chest-binding (Gyeolhyoong) advanced pattern.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.120-128
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• 2011

Recent development of communication technology and evolution of telecommunications services, various needs of users are giving Telecom operators difficulties in discovering new services and its promotion strategies. In addition, at the launching of new services, if carriers does not consider complementary and substitution relationships with competing services or self-encroachment problem with the existing service profitability is reduced or lost in the current market. In this study, by analyzing usage pattern of telecommunications services respect to changes in supply and demand environment, the complementarity/substitutability analysis and systematic analytical framework is proposed. This study proposes approaches to establish mobile operators' business strategies and to identify new services demand.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.107-122
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• 2003

만성질환자들의 보완요법 이용률과 이용양상을 알아보기 위하여 보건소에 등록된 고혈압, 당뇨병, 만성관절염 환자를 대상으로 하여 2001년 1월 3일부터 1개월간 각 질환별로 200명씩 총 600명에게 지난 12개월간의 보완요법이용실태에대하여직접면담조사를실시하였다. 지난 1년 동안 전체 대상자의 47.5%가 보완요법을 이용하였는데, 고혈압 환자는 35.0%, 당뇨병 환자는 44.6%, 관절염 환자는 62.9%가 보완요법을 이용하여 관절염 환자의 이용률이 가장 높았다. 보완요법 이용률은 대상자의 일반적 특성에 따라서 거의 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 보완요법 이용자 중 고혈압 환자는 약초요법(31.0%)과 침요법(29.6%)을 많이 이용하였고, 당뇨병 환자는 식이요법(57.5%)과 약초요법(35.1%)을 그리고, 관절염 환자는 침요법(85.0%)과 약초요법(34.7%)을 많이 이용하였다. 보완요법 이용자중 2종류 이상을 이용한 사람은 36.8%였고, 고혈압 환자가 18.3%, 당뇨병 환자가 24.1%, 관절염 환자가 55.9%로서 관절염 환자가 여러종류의 보완요법을 이용하였다. 가장 많이 이용한 보완요법을 종류별로 보면 침술이 47.0%로 가장 높은 빈도를 보였고, 그 다음이 한약(26.3%), 건강보조기구(21.8%), 민간요법(21.4%), 물리치료(9.5%), 건강보조식품(8.4%), 약초(7.7%), 수지침(3.2%), 단전호흡(1.1%), 기공치료(0.7%)의 순이었다. 보완요법을 이용한 장소로는 한의원이 42.8%로 가장 많았고, 이용한 이유로서는 치료를 위해서가 61.8%, 증상완화가 26.0%로 대부분의 환자들이 치료와 증상완화를 위해서 이용하였으며, 지난 1년간 보완요법 이용에 지출한 비용은 9만원 이하가 40.3%로 가장 많았고, 50만원 이상도 31.2%이었다. 보완요법 이용 후 56.1%가 만족하다고 대답했고, 6.0%는 부작용을 경험했다고 하였다. 보완요법을 이용한 사람들의 74.0%가 계속 이용하겠다고 하였으며, 56.1%는 다른 사람에게 권유할 의향이 있다고 하였다. 정통의료와 비교한 보완요법의 이점으로는 33.5%가 심리적으로 안정감을 준다, 21.2%는 몸을 보호해 준다, 19.2%가 효과가 좋다라고 하였다. 또한 조사대상자 가운데 보완요법에 대한 교육을 희망하는 사람은 34.0%였다. 이상의 연구결과에서 볼 때 만성질환자들의 상당수(47.5%)가 지난 1년간 자신들의 건강문제를 해결하기 위하여 다양한 종류의 보완요법을 이용하였고, 비록 부작용 경험률이 6.0%정도 되지만 보완요법에 대한 만족도가 비교적 높고, 계속적으로 이용할 의사가 높기 때문에 보건기관이나 의료인들의 적극적인 관심이 요구되며, 부작용이 없고 건강증진에 도움이 되는 다양한 보완요법 프로그램 개발에 노력을 기울려야 할 것으로 생각된다. 그리고 보안요법의 효능를 확인하는 노력이 계속되어야 하고, 적절한 가격을 유지할 수 있는 제도적 장치도 필요하다고 생각된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.546-555
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• 1999

Objectives : To determine the prevalence, pattern. and out-of-pocket expenditure of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) utilization in Korean adult population. Methods : We conducted a representative telephone survey of 2,042 persons aged 18 or older. Data about any health problem, details of their use of medical doctors(MDs) offices/hospitals/pharmacies services and CAM during the preceding 12 months were collected with structured questionnaire. Results : The utilization rate of CAM among Korean adults was 29% in one year. A total of 231 kinds of CAM was identified from this survey. Annual out-of-pocket expenditure associated with CAM use in 1998 amounted to ${\xi}{\S}1.88$ billion and was comparable to 40.8% of out-of-pocket expenditure paid for MDs offices/hospitals/pharmacies services. Among those(N=424) who paid for both MDs offices/hospitals/pharmacies services an d CAM, 35.8% paid more for CAM. CAM gave more satisfaction than western medicine to those who had experience of both types of therapy. About half of CAM users were willing to recommend CAM to others. Disclosure rate to physician among CAM users was not high(40.6%). Conclusion : CAM became a popular source of health care in Korea, Korean spent a substantial amount of out-of-pocket money on CAM without any public control. Because CAM use is likely to be increased rapidly through lay referral system, health policy makers and health professionals should pay more attention to CAM for making appropriate utilization of CAM.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.317-326
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• 2012

Objectives : To investigate the prevalence and utilization pattern of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Methods : We conducted a nationwide survey and a total of 535 individuals with type 2 diabetes were asked about their demographic, diabetes-related characteristics and CAM use. We used multiple logistic regression modeling to determine independent predictors of CAM use. Results : Of the 535 subjects, 417 (77.9%) used CAM in last 12 months. The most commonly used modality was red ginseng (17.9%). CAM use was independently associated with being married, northern area residence, higher education and diabetes duration of 3-5 years. More than half(58.3%) of the CAM users used it expecting a better outcome in addition to conventional therapy. Information sources about CAM were mostly friends (36.0%) and family (31.9%), only 28.1% of diabetic patients seek counsel from medical doctors or oriental medical doctors about CAM. Many people perceived CAM as effective (62.7%) and reported side effects only rarely (1.2%). Conclusions : Many diabetic patients used CAM and found it effective, which urges clinicians to pay attention to CAM use of their diabetic patients. Also, further studies are required regarding efficacy and safety about CAM.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the pattern and factors associated with women's use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) during postpartum in Korea. Methods: With a descriptive survey design, data of 423 postpartum women were collected via online and offline surveys. Results: A total of 251 women (59.3%) reported CAM use during postpartum. Eating animal-based foods (65.3%), plant-based health foods (52.2%), and using oriental medicine (31.8%) were commonly used in postpartum women. The reason for using CAM were physical recovery (39.1%), breastfeeding (29.7%), weight loss (24.8%), prevention of postpartum complications (5.1%), and others (1.3%). People who recommended CAM use was mainly family (41.3%), and expense of using CAM was 751,188 Korea won. Most women discussed CAM use with doctor (44.9%), and 29.3% of women didn't even consult CAM use with health care providers. Most of (72.3%) women were satisfied with CAM use. Higher level of education and monthly income, being employed, primipara, normal range of gestational weight gain, no abortion experience, and no maternal complication were significantly associated with CAM use in postpartum women. Conclusion: Results of this study were somewhat different from those of western research. Findings offer baseline data of CAM use in postpartum women, and health care providers need to understand it when they care for them.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.193-201
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the use pattern of alternative therapies in middle aged women. Method: The subjects of this study were 530 women from 40 to 64 years of age. The data of this study was patients' records. The data was gathered from April 1st, 2004 to June 30th, 2004. Data was analyzed statistically by using the SPSS/WIN 10.0 program. Result: It was shown that 63.5% of the subjects have utilized one or more types of alternative therapy. The most common type of alternative therapy was dietary and nutritional therapy 38.3%, and the place of use was the home 64.1%. The most common reason was a recommendation by friends. The degree of satisfaction after the use of alternative therapy was 95.2%. Among users of alternative therapies, the most frequent responses to each question were as follows; Motive of Use- "for health maintenance and promotion." (62.7%) In the relation ship between general characteristics and utilization of alternative therapy, religion(x2=12.33, p=.02), exercise(x2=8.21, p=.004), and health status(x2=14.95, p=.005) showed a significant statistical difference. Conclusion: We found that middle aged women used alternative therapies more frequently than other populations. Therefore, it is suggested that medical doctors or nurses verify the true effects or side-effects from the most therapies or nurses verify the true effects or side-effects from the most common complementary or alternative therapies through experiments.