• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.175-181
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• 2023

Competition assures improved products and services to meet customers' needs. The soundness of a firm's financial health is crucial for the country's economic well-being. Distressed companies cause investor panic, which has a knock-on effect on the economy and leads to a deterioration in the image and value of the companies. This paper aims to empirically investigate the influence of competition on financial distress (FD) in the healthcare industry using the Altman Zscore values as the proxy for FD. This study uses secondary data from ten healthcare companies operating in India between 2016 and 2020. The study's findings indicate a significant negative relation with the exogenous variables of the study, implying that a higher level of competition enhances a firm's FD or adversely affects financial health. The main implication of the study is two-pronged. Firstly, the firms' managers and decision-makers need not worry about competition as a deterrent to stability. Secondly, the policymakers need not be concerned that high competition may lead to financial stress for the firms. Therefore, this paper concludes that competition is good for firms operating in India.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.41-53
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• 2012

본 논문은 경쟁이 혁신활동에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 연구개발의 경쟁에서는 각 연구개발자의 노력수준을 높이기 위해 경쟁자의 수를 줄이는 방안이 고려되고 있으며, 이로써 높은 가치의 혁신활동이 이루어질 수 있다. 따라서 연구개발을 장려하기 위해서는 연구개발의 유인을 극대화하기 위해 경쟁으로 인해 노력수준을 제고하는 효과와 경쟁으로 인해 노력수준을 감소시키는 효과를 동시에 감안하여야 한다. 본 논문에서는 혁신활동을 장려하는 취지에서 경쟁으로 인해 발생하는 이러한 두 효과를 분석하고자 하였으며, 개별 연구개발자의 노력수준은 경쟁자 수의 증가에 따라 단조적으로 변화하지 않음을 제시하였다.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.246-259
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• 2011

시장구조와 혁신의 가치간 관계를 구명하는 것은 경쟁과 STI 정책수행에 중요하다. 만일 혁신의 가치가 특정 시장구조에서 상승된다면 정부는 해당 산업의 시장구조를 변화시킬 수 있다. 선형수요와 고정된 한계비용의 경우, 꾸르노 경쟁에서의 major와 minor 기술혁신에 대한 인센티브가 합병과 공동 연구개발의 경우보다 더 작다는 결과를 단순한 캘리브레이션을 통해 도출할 수 있다. 이는 또다시 독점이 필요악임을 시사한다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.38-51
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to criticize (through available documents) the lecture in English at colleges. It is necessary that a study of English is emphasized in the era of internationalization. But, the indiscreet extension of lecture in English without consideration of the purpose, principle, and philosophy of college's education needs reflective thinking. This study criticized four dimensions, in other words the effectiveness of lecture in English, criteria of internationalization and college's competition of lecture in English, social inequality of lecture in English, and the harmfulness in the value of Korean language of lecture in English. First, most researches expressed the indiscreet extension of lecture in English was not effective in both students and professors. Second, many scholars and agencies on the internationalization and college's competition excluded the lecture in English as criteria. Third, the indiscreet extension of lecture in English had the possibility of social inequality. And fourth, the indiscreet extension of lecture in English had harmfulness in the value of Korean language and Korean's thought. College's education is an ivory tower in society. So, colleges should discard the thought that extension of lecture in English is the best way. Colleges should keep the purpose, principle, and philosophy of college's education.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.159-167
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• 2019

The current higher education in Vietnam demonstrates the intense competition among local universities. Undoubtedly, the issue of enhancing the brand value to attract students is now placed at the top to Vietnamese universities. The research aims to identify the objective and subjective factors affecting the brand value of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam as mediated by students' perceptions. This paper employs the mixed research methods and data were then analyzed by measuring Cronbach's Alpha coefficient for reliability, analyzing EFA, and using PATH model to test the experiment on the research model affecting HUTECH's brand value. Probability sampling used is Stratified sampling and 500 students of 8 faculties of HUTECH surveyed by convenience sampling. Additionally, this paper also proposes some managerial implications on enhancing the brand value of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City. The results indicate that the new factor, namely geographic location is the most influential factor to enhance the brand value of private universities in general and HUTECH in particular. Brand still plays a determinant role in students' trust when choosing a university. Finally, some implications proposed to enhance the brand value of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City in the context of fierce competition in attracting students.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2013

The main goal of this study is to examine the competition intensity in the Korean bakery franchise industry and to identify the core competencies of the industry's leading company, Paris Baguette. The frameworks of PEST analysis, Cross Impact analysis, a Five Forces Model, a Value Chain, and VRIO analysis. PEST and Cross Impact analysis were employed to investigate the industry's external environment, and the results indicated that 'increased attention on corporate's Creating Shared Value (CSV) activities' is the most influential factor among others. The analysis using the Five Forces Model found industry rivalry and substitutes were the greatest threats. Finally, the results of Value Chain and VRIO analysis identified four core competencies of Paris Baguette: its CEO's craftsmanship, e-procurement system, quality of dormant dough, and hub system. Multiple managerial implications are suggested for practitioners in the marketing area, especially in the saturated market environment.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.46-58
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• 2019

Purpose - This paper analyzes how Research and Development (R&D) cartelization and Research Joint Ventures (RJV) affect firms that engage in Cournot competition in their product market using a model in which the Home and Foreign firm produce differentiated products and export their total output to a third country's market. Design/Methodology - In a two-stage game, research expenditures incurred in the first stage improve product quality and are subject to various degrees of spillovers. We consider four different scenarios. Findings - In a symmetric equilibrium we observe the following: (i) an RJV that cooperates in R&D decision yields the highest R&D expenditure. However, the scenario which yields the lowest expenditure depends on the extent of differentiation between the goods and the degree of spillovers; (ii) RJV cartelization yields the highest product quality, output, and consumer surplus in the third country; however, the lowest is produced by R&D competition if spillovers are strong and by R&D cartelization if spillovers are weak; and (iii) each firm's profit is at its minimum in R&D competition and its maximum in RJV cartelization. Furthermore, if spillovers are strong, the profit of each firm in R&D cartelization is greater than that in RJV competition, and vice versa. Originality/value - By analyzing product innovation in international markets, we can find similarities and differences between process R&D and product R&D in international markets.

• 에너지공학
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.175-190
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• 2009

본 연구는 국내 태양에너지 기업의 가치사슬별 경제적 성과와 그 결정요인인 규모의 경제, 기술수준, 자금조달능력, 국내시장 경쟁정도 등간의 상관관계를 분석하고 있다. 249개 기업에 대한 설문조사를 바탕으로 다중로짓분석을 실시하였다. 분석의 결과 기업의 경제적 성과는 자금조달능력이 높을수록, 시장경쟁이 낮을수록 높았으며, 기술수준과 규모의 경제는 유의미하지 않는 것으로 분석되었다. 가치사슬별 분석에서 부품조달공정은 기술수준이 낮을수록, 자금조달능력이 높을수록, 제조공정은 기술수준 및 자금조달능력이 높을수록, 그리고 마케팅공정은 자금조달능력이 높을수록, 시장경쟁이 낮을수록 경제적 성과가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이로써 국내 태양에너지산업은 특유의 기술혁신체제 구축, 선진화된 금융시스템 구축, 그리고 가치사슬 공정별로 핵심능력을 가진 기업 간 네트워크를 구성하여 운영하는 프랙털 시스템을 추진해야 할 것으로 전망된다.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2019

Purpose: Corporate social responsibility is a self-regulating business model that helps a firm be socially accountable to the public. By practicing corporate social responsibility, firms can be conscious of the kind of impact they are having on all aspects of society, including economic, social, and environmental. Corporate social responsibility activities are not directly linked to increasing corporate performance and corporate value, but rather involve spending expenses. Based on these facts, this study verifies whether the effects of corporate social responsibility activities differ depending on the firm's situation. Research design, data and methodology: This study analyzed the effect of market competition on corporate social responsibility activities using logistic regression analysis on listed companies in the KOSPI and KOSDAQ for fiscal years 2014 through 2016. In this study, market competition was measured using the Herfindahl-Herschman Index(HHI). Higher HHI value can be interpreted as a lower degree of market competition. We also measured corporate social responsibility activities using the KEJI Index published by the Korea Economic Justice Institute (KEJI). If a firm-year is included in the top 200 companies of the KEJI Index, it is classified as a good corporate social responsibility activity firm. Results: We find that companies in less competitive market were not included in the KEJI Index. This result indicates that firms in the market with lower market competition perform less corporate social responsibility activities that incur costs. An additional analysis showed that there was a significant negative relationship between the market competition and the corporate social responsibility activity scores published by the KEJI Index. These result adds robustness to the result of the hypothesis that firms that have a monopolistic place in the market practice passive corporate social responsibility activities. Conclusions: The results show that managers of a firm in the lower market competition have a lower incentive to use limited resources for projects that are not directly related to revenue. The results of this study imply that corporate social responsibility activities vary according to the position of the business. Therefore, this study suggests that market investors should consider the degree of competition in the market when they evaluate corporate social responsibility activities.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제90권3호
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• pp.295-305
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• 2001

본 연구는 우리나라 온대 중 북부지방의 천연 활엽수림을 대표하는 강원도 평창 지역을 대상으로 입지유형을 해발고도(1,000m 이상, 700~1,000m, 700m 미만) 및 지형(능선, 사면, 계곡)에 따라 9가지로 구분하여 정밀 임분조사를 실시하고, 각 입지유형별 임분구조의 파악과 경쟁관계를 구명함으로써, 천연 활엽수림의 친환경적 경영방안에 필요한 기초 자료를 제공하기 위하여 수행하였다. 입지유형별 임분의 생장은 700~1,000m에서 가장 양호한 것으로 나타났으며, 종 다양성도와 풍부도는 해발고도가 낮아질수록 증가하는 것으로 파악되었다. 또한 지형별로는 능선, 사면, 계곡의 순서로 재적 등의 임분 상태가 양호한 것으로 나타났으며, 한 수종의 상대우점도가 높은 입지유형에서는 균재도는 낮은 값을 보이고 있었다. 입지유형별 최적 경쟁지수 모형은 7개 입지유형에서 거리독립경쟁지수가 선정되었으며, 1,000m 이상의 능선과 700~1,000m의 계곡에서만 거리종속경쟁지수가 흉고직경 정기평균 생장량과 높은 상관을 나타내어 입지유형별로 다소 다른 결과를 보였다. 입지유형에 따른 수종별 생장특성과 경쟁관계를 분석한 결과 상대우점도가 높은 수종들이 상대적으로 경쟁 상태도 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 신갈나무는 해발고도 700m 이상의 지형에서 생장이 우수하였고, 음나무의 경우에는 해발고도 1,000m 이상의 지형과 700~1,000m의 능선에서 상대우점도가 상대적으로 낮았음에도 불구하고 높은 경쟁력을 유지하고 있는 것으로 파악되었다. 또한 느릅나무와 다릅나무는 1,000m 미만의 지형에서 다른 수종보다 높은 경쟁력을 보이고 있어, 앞으로 이러한 입지유형별 수종분포 및 경쟁관계를 고려한 무육작업이 필요할 것으로 보인다.