• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.73-80
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• 2007

Nanocomposites are used as a new class of polymer system and many researchers have been interested in the clay nanocomposite because of its good mechanical properties, heat resistance, flame retardancy, and barrier property. Modified layered silicates as fillers are dispersed at a nanometer-level within a polymer matrix and then new extraordinary properties are observed. In this study, polypropylene/clay nanocomposites were prepared in a twin screw extruder by the melt compounding method. In order to increase the compatibility of PP with the clay, the MAPP was used as a compatibilizer. And organic modified clays were used as a nanometric filler during the melt extrusion. Through the analysis of SAXS, WAXS, the dispersion of clay was investigated. These nanocomposites compared with a neat polypropylene/talc composite have high modulus, low toughness, and reduced shrinkage at the stable dispersion.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.111-121
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• 1996

The characteristic of silicone rubber can be seen from its resistance to both low and high temperature, whereas HNBR is resistant only in high temperature moderatly although it can be compounded to give good tensile properties, good oil resistance while silicone rubber severely lacks in these qualities. This study was initiated a balance of properties by blending HNBR and silicone rubber which is not considered for commercial blending; blends of HNBR with silicone rubber tend to show immiscible due to dissimilar nature of silicone and HNBR, the possibility of phase separation cannot be ruled out, in unfilled system after vulcanisation leading to premature failure. Attempt has been made to improve compatibility and minimise the layer seperation by the use of compatibilizer. Both filled and unfilled systems, in presence and absence of compatibilizer have been studied. Improvement in tensile properties of the blends or are observed as compared to the non-blended rubber. Different ratios of HNBR and silicone rubber are represented in this study. Blends of HNBR with silicone rubber were immiscible system. The tensile strength increased with filler loading.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.189-195
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• 2015

In this study, we prepared epoxidized poly ethylene-ter-1-decene-ter-divinylbenzene (Epo-PEHV) as a reactive compatibilizer to prevent phase separation phenomenon which occurs upon blending polypropylene (PP) and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH). Firstly, PEHV was prepared under high catalyst activity according to content of catalyst and cocatalyst. After then, we modified vinyl group of the terpolymer with epoxy group. We observed that the terpolymer was successfully epoxidized by 1H-NMR and FT-IR analysis. The Epo-PEHV was added by 2, 5, 10% in PP/EVOH blends. The morphologies and mechanical properties of PP/Epo-PEHV/EVOH blends were analyzed by SEM and UTM, respectively. Epo-PEHV enhanced the interfacial adhesion of PP and EVOH blends.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.21-29
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• 2008

Waste shell powder was added to the high density polyethylene(HDPE), and resultant mechanical properties and flame retardancy were analyzed in terms of shell content. Compatibilizer(PE-g-MA) was used to enhance the mechanical properties of the prepared HDPE/shell composites, and several flame retardant agents($Al_2O_3$, $Sb_2O_3$) were utilized to improve flame retardancy. Addition of the compatibilizer resulted in an improved mechanical properties due to the increased interfacial bonding between HDPE matrix and shell powder. In the case of impact strength, it even reached to the impact strength of pure HDPE. Also the addition of the flame retardant agents did not exhibit mechanical property decrease. UL-94 flammability test on the prepared HDPE/shell composites indicated that at 40wt% of shell only inclusion, time to ignite the flame and the total time of flame duration increased. When flame retardant agents mixed with shell powder were added to the HDPE matrix, improved flame retardancy was observed. Generally, flame retardancy effect of $Al_2O_3$ was better than $Sb_2O_3$. UL-94 V-0 classification was observed for the specimens with $Al_2O_3$ and compatibilizer at more than 40wt% shell, and also for specimens with $Sb_2O_3$ and compatibilizer at all shell content.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.438-442
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• 2011

Mechanical and morphological properties of poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) blends containing compatibilizers were investigated. Poly(styrene-acrylonitrile)-g-maleic anhydride) (SAN-g-MAH), poly(ethylene-co-octene) rubber-maleic anhydride (EOR-MAH) and poly(ethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (EGMA) were used as compatibilizers. Mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact strengths of ABS/PLA (80/20, wt%) blends were found to be increased when the SAN-g-MAH, EOR-MAH and EGMA were used. The maximum values for mechanical properties of the ABS/PLA (80/20) blend were observed when SAN-g-MAH was used as a compatibilizer at the concentration of 3 phr. From morphological studies of the ABS/PLA (80/20) blends, PLA droplet size was decreased by the addition of the compatibilizers used in this study. From the results of mechanical and morphological properties of the ABS/PLA (80/20) blends, SAN-g-MAH (3 phr) was found to be the most effective compatibilizer among the compatibilizers used in this study.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.318-323
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• 2014

In order to analyze the effect of maleic anhydride (MAH) content and styrene monomer (SM)/MAH mole ratio on reactive extrusion of maleic anhydride grafted random polypropylenes (MAH-g-rPP), MAH-g-rPPs were prepared by using a twin screw extruder. MAH contents were 0.5, 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 phr and SM/initiator mole ratio was 0.0, 1.0, and 2.0. Dicumyl peroxide (DCP) was used as an initiator. The graft degree of MAH was confirmed by the existence of carbonyl group (C = O) stretching peak at $1700cm^{-1}$ from FT-IR spectrum. The degree of graft reaction increased up to 3.0 phr MAH and showed the optimum value at 1.0 SM/MAH mole ratio from the area ratio of C = O and C-H stretching peak. Thermal and crystallization properties of MAH-g-rPP and PP/MAH-g-rPP/pulp composites were investigated by DSC, TGA, XRD, and POM. There was a decrease in non-isothermal crystallization temperature of PP/MAH-g-PP/pulp composites. Based on tensile properties and SEM pictures for the fractured surface of PP/MAH-g-PP/pulp composites, MAH content of 1.0 wt% and SM/MAH mole ratio of 1.0 were the optimum formulation as the compatibilizer. The rheological properties of the composites were measured by dynamic Rheometer to compare the processability of the composites with and without compatibilizer. The power law index showed slightly low value at the composites with compatibilizer.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.275-282
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• 2021

High-molecular-weight maleic anhydride-grafted polylactic acids (HMMA-g-PLA) compatibilizers were prepared by melt grafting in a twin screw extruder using di(tert-butyl-perxoyisopropyl)benzene (PK-14; as initiator), maleic anhydride (MA), and divinylbenzene (DVB). To determine the properties of the prepared HMMA-g-PLA compatibilizers, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Melt index (MI), and back-titration analyses were performed. On increasing DVB concentration, grafting yield of HMMA-g-PLA increased but MI decreased because 𝛽-scission of PLA was restrained by the DVB, and thus, the molecular weight of HMMA-g-PLA increased. PLA-based wood-plastic composites (WPCs) were prepared using HMMA-g-PLA by melt blending through a single screw extruder. The flexural and impact strengths of WPCs compatibilized with HMMA-g-PLA were greater than those of WPCs produced without HMMA-g-PLA. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies indicated that increased mechanical properties were caused by excellent interfacial adhesion between PLA and wood fibers due to the addition of HMMA-g-PLA. However, rather high contents of HMMA-g-PLA reduced the mechanical properties of WPCs. We believe that lower molecular-weight of HMMA-g-PLA added as an compatibilizer, compared with PLA polymer, caused the reduction of mechanical properties.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.391-394
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• 2000

EPDM/silicone blend was prepared with polyorganosiloxane compatibilizer for out-door polymer insulation used to shed. Each blend had various weight ratios, 100/0, 90/10, 70/30, 50/50, 30/70, 10/90, and 0/100 as EPDM to silicone, and electrical and tracking characteristics were studied with the method of IEC 60587. And also, tracking properties and contact angle related to UV-weathering period were studied to understand the degree of degradation of blend after 1000 h UV-weathering.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Rheology Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.175-178
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• 2006

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.313-322
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• 2003

The morphology of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/poly(m-xylene adipamide) (MXD-6) blends, which was prepared by adding compatibilizer and interchange reaction agent, was investigated. The morphological change in the stretched blend films was also studied. The stretched film showed a dispersed MXD-6 fibril. This fibril became finer with increasing draw ratio (DR). The addition of compatibilizer and interchange reaction agent had no effect on the improvement of interfacial adhesion but caused a defect between the continuous phase and the dispersed phase, leading to the formation of irregular fibril. The change in the superstructure of blends with composition and draw ratio was examined with light scattering (LS). The H$\sub$v/ LS patterns showed a double-cross type pattern consisting of a broad rod-like pattern and a sharp cross streak. On the basis of the model calculation of the H$\sub$v/ pattern, it was found that the appearance of the double-cross type pattern was attributed to the stacking of crystals oriented along the draw direction. The crystals were gradually oriented to the stretching direction with draw ratio. As a result, the high level of orientation was obtained fur the sample of draw ratio is 6.0.