• 한국안전학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.139-147
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• 2015

This study deals with actual commuting distance and influence of risk factors depending on commuting distance and mode in order to reestablish actual commuting zone of primary school students. Data mining analysis(CHAID) was applied for this reestablishment using survey results from 6,927 primary school students in Seoul Metro. Six risk factors; convenience level of commuting path condition, convenience level of road crossing condition, vehicle speed on commuting path, segregation level between commuter and vehicle, congestion level of commuting path, and public security level and two mode; walking and cycle are considered in the analysis. As the results of CHAID analysis, commuting distance was divided into four zones; Internal Zone(0.491km under), External Zone(0.492 ~ 1.492km, 1.493 ~ 2.699km), Commutable Zone(2.70km over), and awareness level on safety is declined as commuting distance is increased. The risk factor affecting on safety is recognized differently by students depending on commuting distance and mode. For students commuting by walking, vehicle speed on commuting path and convenience level of commuting path condition are recognized as the prime risk factor within Internal Zone and Commutable Zone, respectively. For students commuting by cycle, convenience level of road crossing condition and vehicle speed on commuting path are recognized as the prime risk factor within Commutable Zone. Analysis results show that improved plan and program for commuting path for primary school students are required considering actual commuting distance and method.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.137-142
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• 2021

Distance learning universities provide online course content. The main methods of providing class contents are on-demand and live-streaming. This means that students are not restricted by time or space. The advantage is that students can take the course anytime and anywhere. Therefore, unlike commuting students, there is no commuting time to the campus, and there is no natural process required to take classes. However, despite this convenient situation, the attendance rate and graduation rate of distance learning universities tend to be lower than that of commuting universities. Although the course environment is not the only factor, students cannot obtain a bachelor's degree unless they fulfill the graduation requirements. In both commuter and distance learning universities, taking classes is an important factor in earning credits. There are fewer time and space constraints for distance learning students than for commuting students. It is also easy for distance learning students to take classes at their own timing. There should be more ease of learning than for students who commute to school with restrictions. However, it is easier to take a course at a commuter university that conducts face-to-face classes. I thought that the reason for this was that commuting to school was a part of the process of taking classes for commuting students. Commuting to school was thought to increase the willingness and motivation to take classes. Therefore, I thought that the inconvenient constraints might encourage students to take the course. In this research, I focused on the act of commuting to school by students. These situations are also applied to the distance learning environment. The students have physical time constraints. To achieve this goal, I will implement a course restriction method that aims to promote the willingness and attitude of students. Therefore, in this paper, I have implemented a virtual school system called "virtual go to school (VG2S)" that reflects the actual route to school.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2013

This Study aims at investigating actual condition on attending school road of children and analyzing empirically the characteristics of cognition and the influence of safety on school road. This study findings are as follows : 1) Walking alone to go to school is the highest rates among Commuting Mode, and Commuting distance to school is nearly doubles than range of school zone(300 m). 2) Among characteristics of urban spatial structure affecting on influence classify safety of school road, 'Commuting Distance' has been drawn to most influential variable. Especially, there are 4 types classified by commuting distance and it became obvious that the longer the distance, the lower the safety score(under 127 m=76.9 points, Over 451 m=58.3 points). 3) As a result of investigating the influence of Safety on attending school road, Vehicle commuting speed urder 127 m as internal of school zone, and Walking and crossing convenience over 451 m as external of school zone have a lot of influence on safety cognition on school road. Therefore Safety on school road should be considering the commuting distance to school among surrounding characteristics, needed for improvement plan and program based on real safety cognition of children.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2020

Although educational facilities are important considerations from a social equity standpoint, the educational environment generally found in rural areas has been continuously deteriorated due to numerous social problems following birth rate declines and school abolition numbers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the commuting accessibility changed by the abolition of elementary schools. The village-level accessibility is assessed following physical accessibility criteria based on legally defined commuting distances. Moreover, this study shows the implications of commuting accessibility by school district zones through comparing the minimum commuting distances with real commuting distance. The target area is the Gangwon state, the coverage area in which for schools is the widest in South Korea (44.1 ㎢/school). We evaluated the commuting distances to the nearest elementary school for 992 rural villages and 74 urban villages. Of the 1,066 villages in urban and rural areas evaluated, most of the villages (about 77%) are exposed to commutes to elementary schools were the marginal distance is over 1,000 meters. The annual rate of increase of commuting distance for 1,066 villages in Gangwon state has steadily increased by 2.8%p since 2000, average commuting distance from 2.8 km to 3.6 km. By the designation of the school districts, elementary school students have to go to a faraway school located within administrative district, even though there is a school nearby. It is expected that the results of this study will be made use of as basic data for the establishment of policies such as a reasonable basis for closing schools measurements considering the locally unique environment.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.153-176
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to compare the living cultures among three types of undergraduate students, grouped by commuting patterns, attending universities in Chung-Cheong Do: a long-distance type, a short-distance type, and a living-alone type. The survey was performed with questionnaires and the subjects were 1167 undergraduate students. The results are as follows: for a long-distance type, the levels of housing environments and consumption expenditures were relatively high, but the students felt constrainted by the commuting time. For a short-distance type, the consensus in decision-making with parents and the degree of conflict reconciliation were the lowest. For a living-alone type, the levels of housing environments and consumption expenditures were relatively poorer, but the students spent relative]y more time at school and the attitudes of school and department which they belong to were relatively higher.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.5-17
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• 1995

One of interesting issues in urban land-use and transportation policy is about an unproven belief that imbalances between employment and residential sites strongly influence urban commuting patterns. The purpose of this study si to find how spatial distribution of jobs and housing affects commuting distances in Seoul Metropolitan Area using 1990 Census O-D Data. This study estimates cost-minimizing required commuting distance, given the actual distributions of jobs and housing , and compares required commuting distances with actual commuting distances. One of findings is that the standard urban economic theory explains only 1/3 of actual commuting in the case study area. The policy implication of this study is that jobs-housing balance policy will have only a minor effect on the actual commuting.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2010

Currently, in Korea, an accident that takes place during a worker's commuting is generally not considered as work-related accident. However, there are several exceptions such as an accident that occurs in commuting while using transportation provided by an employer, an accident that happens during commuting time that can be regarded as part of a business activity (e.g. tending to work instructed by an employer on the way to or from work), and an accident that is caused by insufficient facility management by an employer. It is even more so as the workers' commuting distance increases with expanding scale of a city, and traffic accident occurs more frequent. Social risk of commuting-time accident is on the rise. Under this circumstance, it is an important social issue to explore how to protect workers from commuting-time accident.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.36-49
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• 2013

Unplanned growth of the city was established, despite many elementary, School facilities outside the city is still lacking. Basically should be able to walk to school through elementary school in the case of excessive distance, issues such as unsafe in the school environment and the school, overcrowding, excessive relieve classroom learning environment, with the improvement of the overall situation is necessary. In this study, the status for local public elementary school environment, research and analysis, case studies, research, and through community and resolve problems derived as a school bus for the introduction of alternative feasibility analysis.

• 지역연구
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.49-61
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• 2021

국내 수도권에서는 경기·인천지역에 거주하며 서울로 통근하는 현상이 지속됨에 따라 장거리 통근문제가 발생하고 있으며, 이를 해결하기 위해 경기·인천지역을 대상으로 자족권역 형성 계획과 압축도시를 지향하고 있다. 그러나, 장거리 통근통행으로 발생하는 도시문제는 지속이다. 이는 과도한 압축밀도와 서울 의존적 네트워크에 의한 것으로 보여지나, 기존 연구에서는 도시 간 상호작용이 중요해짐에도 개별도시에 초점을 맞추었으며, 서울 의존적인 네트워크 특성을 고려하지 못한 한계점을 지니고 있다. 이에, 본 연구에서는 압축도시와 도시 간 상호작용을 종합적으로 고려하여 통근통행에 미치는 영향을 실증분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 분석결과 일정 규모이상의 네트워크가 형성될 때 통근의 효율성이 높아지는 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 결과를 토대로 수도권 외곽지역인 인천, 경기지역의 네트워크 중심지 육성정책과 더불어 교통망 확충의 필요성에 대한 시사점을 제공하였다.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.172-185
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• 2021

자율주행시대가 우리 삶에 다가오면서 삶의 변화에 많은 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상된다. 자율주행자동차가 등장하면 운전자의 부담을 줄임으로 차내에서 생산적 가치가 확장되는 만큼 이를 평가할 수 있는 지표개발이 필요하다. 이번 연구는 경기도 직장인 중 승용차를 이용하는 통근자를 대상으로 자율주행 자동차가 통근시간 및 통근시간 만족도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 통근시간 및 통근시간 만족도는 비선형 관계(V)가 도출되었다. 여기서, 자율주행시대에 영향받을 가능성이 높은 비선형 구간인 통근시간 70분 이상영역을 중심으로 이항로지스틱 모형을 통해 분석하였다. 분석결과 자율주행시대의 영향변수로는 건강도, 수면시간, 근무시간, 여가시간 등이 도출되었다. 자율주행자동차의 등장은 이러한 변수를 개선시킬 가능성이 높으므로 장거리 통근자의 통근시간 만족도는 개선될 가능성이 높다.