• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.201-209
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• 2016

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs) duty cycling has been an imperative choice to reduce idle listening but it introduces sleep delay. Thus, the conventional WSN medium access control protocols are bound by the energy-latency tradeoff. To break through the tradeoff, we propose a radio wave sensor called radio frequency (RF) wakeup sensor that is dedicated to sense the presence of a RF signal. The distinctive feature of our design is that the RF wakeup sensor can provide the same sensitivity but with two orders of magnitude less energy than the underlying RF module. With RF wakeup sensor a sensor node no longer requires duty cycling. Instead, it can maintain a sleep state until its RF wakeup sensor detects a communication signal. According to our analysis, the response time of the RF wakeup sensor is much shorter than the minimum transmission time of a typical communication module. Therefore, we apply duty cycling to the RF wakeup sensor to further reduce the energy consumption without performance degradation. We evaluate the circuital characteristics of our RF wakeup sensor design by using Advanced Design System 2009 simulator. The results show that RF wakeup sensor allows a sensor node to completely turn off their communication module by performing the around-the-clock carrier sensing while it consumes only 0.07% energy of an idle communication module.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.167-171
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• 2004

The evolution of modern imaging modalities, followed by the rapid development of computer technology has introduced many new features in the communication networks used in medical facilities. Since it is very important to keep patient's record accurately, the ability to exchange medical data securely over the communication network is essential for any medical information. In this paper, therefore, we introduce some problems which occur from digitizing medical images such as MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), CT (Computed Tomography), CR(Computed Radiography), etc., and then we propose a authentication mechanism for medical image verification using secret watermark images.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.1939-1946
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• 2012

USNs (Ubiquitous Sensor Networks) such as IEEE 802.15.4 ZigBee network share ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) frequency band with WiFi networks. Once both networks operate in a region, packet collision may happen because of frequency overlapping. To assure this possibility, we conducted experiments where WiFi and ZigBee communication networks had been installed in an area. As a result of the test, successful data transmission rate were reduced due to the frequency overlapping between a WiFi communication channel and a ZigBee communication band. To cope with this problem, we propose a collision avoidance algorithm. In the proposed algorithm, if frequency collision is sensed, new communication channel with different frequency band is allocated to each node. Performance of the proposed frequency collision avoidance algorithm was tested and the results were described.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.25-30
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• 2010

Wireless sensor networks is composed of many similar sensor nodes with limited resources. They are randomly scattered over a specific area and self-organize the network. For guarantee of network life time, load balancing and scalability in sensor networks, sensor networks needs the clustering algorithm which distribute the networks to a local cluster. In existing clustering algorithms, the cluster head selection method has two problems. One is additional communication cost for finding location and energy of nodes. Another is unequal clustering. To solve them, this paper proposes a novel cluster head selection algorithm revised previous clustering algorithm, LEACH. The simulation results show that the energy compared with the previous clustering method is reduced.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1131-1136
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• 2020

Cooperative networks enhance the performance of communication systems by combining received signals from the several relay nodes where the source node transmits signals to relay nodes. In this paper, we analyze the effect of resource allocation in cooperative networks. We assume that the cooperative networks use the conventional modulation scheme between the source and relay nodes, and adopt space-time code between the relays and destination node. Both the synchronous and differential modulations are applied for the conventional scheme and differential modulation is used for the space-time code. We consider relay location and energy allocation for resource allocation, and the performance of cooperative networks depending on the number of relay is also investigated.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.295-306
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• 2004

In this paper, a novel air-interface is presented for Fleet-Net1, a self-organizing network for inter-vehicle and vehicle-toroadsidecommunication. The air-interface is based upon the lowchip-rate version of UMTS/TDD. To adapt the cellular UMTS standard to an air-interface for ad hoc networks, changes of the physical layer, medium access control sub-layer and radio resource management are required. An overview of the required modifications is given here. Particularly, a decentralized synchronization mechanism is presented and analyzed by means of simulations. Furthermore, changes for the medium access control are explained in detail, which allow for an efficient operation in partly meshed networks and prioritization. Performance results of the overall system considering throughput and delay are derived by means of analytical evaluations and event-driven simulations. Based on realistic mobility models, it is shown that the presented solution provides a robust communication platform even in vehicular environments. The proposed air-interface is a cost-effective solution not only for inter-vehicle communication, but also for ad hoc networking in general, benefiting from the mass-market of UMTS.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.355-370
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• 2014

Cooperative spectrum sensing has been considered as a promising approach to improve the sensing performance in distributed cognitive radio networks. However, there may exist some selfish secondary users (SUs) who are unwilling to cooperate. The presence of selfish SUs could cause catastrophic damage to the performance of cooperative spectrum sensing. Following the social perspective, we propose a Social Tie-based Incentive Scheme (STIS) to deal with the selfish problem for cooperative spectrum sensing in distributed cognitive radio networks. This scheme inspires SUs to contribute sensing information for the SUs who have social tie but not others, and such willingness varies with the strength of social tie value. The evaluation of each SU's social tie derives from its contribution for others. Finally, simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.126-148
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• 2015

Different from the existing works on coverage problems in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), this paper considers the exposure-path prevention problem by using the percolation theory in three dimensional (3D) WSNs, which can be implemented in intruder detecting applications. In this paper, to avoid the loose bounds of critical density, a bond percolation-based scheme is proposed to put the exposure-path problem into a 3D uniform lattice. Within this scheme, the tighter bonds of critical density for omnidirectional and directional sensor networks under random sensor deployment-a 3D Poisson process are derived. Extensive simulation results show that our scheme generates tighter bounds of critical density with no exposure path in 3D WSNs.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.3655-3673
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• 2014

Rendezvous is a process of two or more cognitive radio nodes gathering on the same channel at the same time for a negotiation to establish data communications. This paper discusses rendezvous issues in cognitive radio networks. It details why rendezvous is an issue in cognitive radio networks and how rendezvous works. It classifies channel access methods, and details sequence-based channel-hopping methods. It surveys existing works on blind rendezvous and compares the proposed algorithms in terms of the maximum time to rendezvous. This paper discusses the properties that an efficient channel-hopping rendezvous algorithm should have and illustrates common issues in the existing rendezvous methods. It also explains open research issues in the rendezvous area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.1025-1026
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• 2015

With the development of sensor, wireless mobile communication, embedded system and cloud computing, the technologies of Internet of Things have been widely used in real word. Connecting wireless sensor networks with traditional communication networks or Internet, IoT gateway plays an important role in IoT applications. It facilitates the integration of wireless sensor networks and mobile communication networks or Internet. The IoT gateway is a key component in IoT application systems. But It has lot of security issues. We analyzed the issues of security and privacy.