• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.83-88
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• 2006

In this study we examined the potential for the synergistic augmentation of the activity of inflammatory mouse peritoneal macrophages by stimulation with RGAP combined with IFN-$\gamma$. The moderate augmentative effect induced by preincubation with RGAP was observed in the production of IL-1, IL-6 and NO but not TNF-$\alpha$. In addition, IFN-$\gamma$ had a low activating effect. Following preincubation with both RGAP A and IFN-$\gamma$, a marked enhancement of secretory activity and tumoricidal activity was noted in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Treatment of peritoneal macrophage with combination increased the generation of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$ and NO, whereas the production of reactive oxygen species were not altered. These results demonstrate the synergistic effects on macrophage function of RGAP in combination with IFN-$\gamma$ and suggest that the ability of IFN-$\gamma$ to prime macrophages to produce secretory molecules in response to RGAP may have implications for immunotherapy with this combination.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.799-806
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• 2004

This paper presents a scheme for finding an optimal combination of design parameters affecting on the handling performance of a large truck using design of experiments. The average of the sum of peak-to-peak roll angles at the first and second part of the double lane is used as an objective function for design of experiments. Six design parameters are selected from all possible parameters affecting on the handling performance. The table of orthogonal arrays is made by 27 times simulations. A computational model of a large truck is developed by MSC/NASTRAN and MSC/ADAMS, and verified the reliability of it with the results of vehicle tests performed in a double lane change course. It is used for the simulations. Analyses of variance and factor effect of the table of orthogonal arrays are performed. This paper proposes an optimal combination of those six design parameters for improving the handling performance of the large truck.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 1999

In order to find less toxic antiherpetic agents, the effect of natural quercetin on the plaque formation of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) was studied in vitro in cell culture monolayers employing the technique of viral plaque reduction assay. Quercetin caused a concentration-dependent reduction in the plaque formation of herpesviruses. It also exhibited more potent antiherpetic activity on HSV-1 with effective concentration $(EC_{50})$ of $18.7\;{\mu}g/ml$ than on HSV-2 with $EC_{50}$ of $24.5\;{\mu}g/ml$. The combined antiherpetic effects of quercetin with nucleoside antiherpetic agents, acyclovir and vidarabine, were examined on the multiplication of these two strains of herpesviruses in Vero cells by the combination assay. The results of combination assay were evaluated by the combination index (CI) that was calculated by the multiple drug effect analysis. The combinations of quercetin with acyclovir on HSV-1 and HSV-2 showed more potent synergism with CI values of $0.19{\sim}0.89$ for 50%, 70%, 90% effective levels than those with vidarabine with CI values of $0.43{\sim}1.46$.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.631-646
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to find out its effect on wearers' impression formated by combination of their body type with neutral tone clothing. The experimental materials developed for this study are a set of responses to stimulus in scales(7-point semantic). 45 pictures used as stimulus are, through computer simulation, manipulated to five wearers' body type and nine neutral tone wear. The subjects are 276(?) female undergraduate students in Kyung-nam area. Factors on wearers' impression suggested as responses to the stimulus consist of 5 different demensions (Tenderness, Cuteness, Attractiveness, Elegance, Intrepidity). The results of this study are as follows: first, combination of their body type with neutral tone wear significantly affects the formation of wearers' impression in the factor of Tenderness, Attractiveness, and Intrepidity (?); to the factor of Attractiveness, wearers' body type is rather more related than wearers' neutral tone wear is. Second, the harmony of their body type with neutral tone wear has a significant effect on wearers' impression in the factor of Cuteness. According to those results, the combination of wearers' body type with neutral tone wear has significant effects on the formation of wearers' impression.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1007-1021
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of wearers' body types and clothes' neutral tone combination on impression formation. The experimental materials developed for this study are a set of stimulus and response scales(7-point semantic). The stimulus include 45 pictures manipulated by computer simulation in wears' body types and neutral tone variation. The subjects are 540 female undergraduate students in Gyeong-nam. The results of this study are as follows: Impression factor of the stimulus consisted of 5 different dimensions including tenderness, cuteness, attractiveness, elegance, intrepidity. Each impression of neutral tone combinations, along with wears' body types, had a significant effect on tenderness, attractiveness, and intrepidity. Especially, it had the strongest effects on attractiveness. Each impression of wearers' body types along with neutral tone combinations affected cuteness significantly. According to the fact above, wears' body types and neutral tone combination have a significant influence on the impression formation of wearers.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.158-163
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• 1999

In order to find less toxic antiherpetic agents, antiviral activities of quercitrin against two strains of pathogenic viruses such as herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) were determined in Vero cells using plaque reduction assay in vitro. Quercitrin showed a concentration-dependent decrease in plaque formation of HSV-1 and HSV-2. It also exhibited more potent antiherpetic activity on HSV-1 with 50% effective concentration (EC$_{50}$) of 20.4 $\mu$g/ml than on HSV-2 with EC$_{50}$ of 30.4 $\mu$g/ml. The combined antiherpetic effects of quercitrin with nucleoside antiherpetic agents, acyclovir and vidarabine, were examined on the multiplication of these two strains of herpesviruses in Vero cells by the combination assay. The results of combination assay were evaluated by the combination index (CI) that was calculated by the multiple drug effect analysis. The combinations of quercitrin with acyclovir and vidarabine on HSV-1 showed more potent synergism with CI values of 0.27-0.81 for 50%, 70%, 90% effective levels than those on HSV-2 with CI values of 1.03~2.20..20.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.244-249
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• 1999

In order to find less toxic antiviral agents from Basidiomycetes, EA, the water soluble substance, was prepared from the carpophores of Elfvingia applanata(Pers.) Karst. Antiviral activity of EA against vesicular stomatitis virus [Indiana serotype, VSV(IND)] was examined in Vero cells using plaque reduction assay in vitro. And the combined antiviral effects of EA with interferon (IFN) alpha or gamma were examined on the multiplication of VSV(IND). EA caused a concentration-dependent reduction in the plaque formation of VSV(IND) with 50% effective concentration $(EC_{50})$ of $104.02\;{\mu}g/ml$. The results of combination assay were evaluated by the combination index (CI) that was analysed by the multiple drug effect analysis. All cases of the combination of EA with IFN alpha or IFN gamma showed potent synergism with CI values of $0.38{\sim}0.52$ for $50{\sim}90%$ effective levels.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.27
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• pp.53-69
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• 2008

In this paper we analyse performance of value strategy and moving average method among the non-financial listed companies whose fiscal year ends at December in the Korean Stock Exchange between 1996 and 2005. And we analyse combination investment performance of value investment and moving average method. After the analysis objective enterprises divide with the value stock and the growth stock, in accordance with moving average method we divide ascending stock and descending stock. And we compose 6 portfolios with combination of value stock, growth stock, ascending stock and descending stock. Using the difference of investment performance of these portfolios, when fundamental analysis and technical analysis method all considering we measure investment performance. The major findings of this research are as follows: First, the value strategy of buying value stocks and selling growth stocks were effective in the long-term investment. Second, using the moving average method, technical analysis were effective in the case of the short-term investment. Third, the portfolios combined fundamental analysis and technical analysis were more effective than investment performance of technical analysis.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.27-30
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• 2014

The jejunum is the longest part of the small intestine and its lumen is mainly involved in the absorption of the nutrients. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of metronidazole, ceftriaxoine sodium and their combination on the stenotic index of the end to end jujunal anastomotic site. To accomplish this, 20 healthy stray dogs were subjected to end to end jejunal ansastmosis. Dogs in Group A (control) underwent jejunal anstomosis with no antibiotic prophylaxis, while those in Group B received surgery and metronidazole alone at 50 mg/kg, those in Group C received ceftriaxone sodium intravenously at 30 mg/kg body weight prior to surgery and dogs in Group D were given metronidazole in combination with ceftriaxone sodium at 50 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg, respectively, 2 h before surgical intervention. No significant difference (p > 0.05) in the stenotic index was observed at 14 days after jejunal anastomosis. These findings indicate that prophylactic administration of metronidazole and ceftriaxone sodium alone or in combination had no significant effect on the stenotic index of the jejunum.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2009

Objectives: This study was on the pharmaceutical components in purified ginseng total saponin (GTS), coisis semen (CS), the combination of these drugs, and the major component of coicis coixol for the prevention and treatment of obesity. Methods: In this study, to evaluate the effect on the suppression of obesity, high fat diet-induced obese rats were treating with the drugs, the effects on the balance of energy and diet activity were examined, and the change of weight, the change of the intake of diet, body fat rate, etc. were assessed. Results: The results demonstrate that in high fat diet-induced obese white rats, the combination treatment of ginseng total saponin and coicis was effective in suppression of weight gain, reduction of intake of food, and reduction of body fat. Conclusions: The results suggest that a combination treatment with major components of red ginseng total saponin and coicis may be used therapeutically for the suppression and treatment of obesity.