• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.12 no.6 s.53
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• pp.971-983
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of perceiver's social value, hair style, and hair color of object person on image perceptions. For social value variable, materialism and traditionalism were investigated. Subjects were 343 women in Seoul. Perceiver's materialism gave a significant influence on perception of elegance. The less materialistic group evaluated the hair style of object person more elegant than the more materialistic group. The more traditional group evaluated bright brown hairs less pretty than the less traditional group. This means that traditional people have less preferable image on bright brown hairs compared to the black and dark brown hair as it is different from Korean traditional hair color. Medium straight hair styles were evaluated lowest in preference and individuality. Short straight hairs were evaluated as the most elegant style and medium permanent hairs as the least elegant one. Long wavy hairs were evaluated highest in femininity, and straight hairs were evaluated lower in prettiness and activity than wavy hairs. The bright brown hairs were evaluated as the most individual color, and black was the least one. The bright brown was perceived lowest in elegance. Black and dark brown of the short straight hair style were perceived much more elegant than the bright brown of the same style, and black long wavy hairs were evaluated highest in femininity. The present findings provide that social value, hair style, and hair color are significant characteristics when perceiving women's image.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.376-388
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to analyze the current status and contents of color-related education programs as lifelong education and to determine the necessity of color education and directions for future development. The findings of this study, first show that the general welfare center, which is striving to develop abilities and promote welfare, was opened mainly for professional education, rather than hobby-oriented education. Accordingly, pricing was set at a lower level than the three institutions and centers, but without a variety of programs or hobby-oriented courses. Second, as the purpose of the set-up is to be established, the general welfare center should be considered an area for hobbies along with expertise, and various courses should be opened. Although the department store's cultural center focused on programs for cultural and leisure use and promotion, it is necessary to extend the program to attempt to approach it in a short-term process rather than a one-time class. The lifelong education center established as a subsidiary of the university' was opened as an area for of painting such as oil painting and watercolor and drawing which have much in common school should learn and start basic theory and practice, so there was much difference. Third, if it is changed to a developed form of color-oriented education according to the purpose of each center and institution presented in the results of this research, a good response will be possible to further improve the quality of life and develop professionalism and creativity.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.561-574
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• 2009

Black has been the most important color of all since the ancient times when the recognition of black roused, as well as during most of the eras; and can especially be said as the main color which controlled the chronicles of fashion. The purpose of the study was to broaden the application of black color image make-up by inquiring into make-up design elemental characteristics of lines and textures, after classifying magazine illustrations and advertisement make-up images using black. The photos which made effective use of black among fashion illustrations, magazine advertisements after 2001 were classified in to each type, and make-up expression method and characteristics according to design element of each image type was analyzed. The conclusion of such study was the following. 'Erotic image' showed contrast effect between eye make-up and lip color by using pale tone or red color. 'Mannish image' emphasized form and texture of eyebrow by restraining the colors of eyelids with natural brown tone eye make-up; 'Modern image' expressed vague eyebrow to bring the sensation of the direction of eye shadow on eyelids and eye line as well as slant line to relief. 'Kitsch image' showed free and light imagery by creating unique hair style with various colors; expressing lips mostly with colors similar to skin tone or by restraining colors on lips. 'Decadence image' showed messy and foul sensation with unstandardized eye make-up and matt skin of shimmer, glossy and pale tone, also with black colored lips; 'Retro image' expressed reinterpretation of images from 1920${\sim}$1960 to contemporary styles.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.655-670
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to identify the figurative characteristics and symbolic meanings of the patterns of royal families in the late Joseon Dynasty based on the theoretical examination as well as the overall characteristics of the colors based on the quantitative analysis of colors. This study focused on the costumes of King Young royal families in the late Joseon Dynasty which is the last costume of Joseon Dynasty and classified 129 relics under preservation for the analysis. This study analyzed the colors using the digital data in the picture brochure as the previous studies did and presented the color palette. Based on this, a variety of textile designs that are developed by using the traditional patterns and colors could be applied to the modern fashion designs. For Patterns used in costumes of King Young royal families, the five pattern categories include animals, plants, letters, and geometric patterns and the final category of other types. The features of color in the costume were v tone of Y color and lt and p tones of Y color. The implication of this study is to develop textile designs which reflects conversion of past and modern cultures and cultural identity by applying the traditional cultural elements through literature review and empirical study and theses developed 8 textile designs could be applied to the various modesrn fashion designs.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.293-304
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• 2008

The objectives of this study were to investigate the images in men's hairstyle by hair color, tone, texture, and perceiver's gender, and to examine the characteristics of hairstyle appropriate to seasons. A quasi-experimental method by questionnaire was used, and the experimental design was $4{\times}3{\times}2{\times}2$(hair color$\times$tone$\times$texture$\times$perceiver's$\times$gender) factorial design. The subjects were 372 men and women in their 20s through 50s. five factors of men's hairstyle image were derived by factor analysis: individuality, dignity, romanticism, refinement, and activity. Black hair was perceived to be high in dignity and activity. Bright tone was perceived to be high in individuality, but low in dignity. Men's wave hair was perceived to be higher in individuality than straight hair, but lower in dignity. Perceiver's gender did not give significant influence on evaluation of all image factors. In brown, neutral tone was perceived to be higher in dignity. romanticism, and activity than dark or bright tone. In black, wave hair was perceived to be more refined than straight hair. Black hair matches with winter the most, and yellow matches with spring the most. In terms of tone, dark tone matches with winter; neutral tone matches with autumn; bright tone matches with summer. The results of this study verified that hair color and texture affect men's image perception, and matching hair colors are associated with seasons.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2022

We will analyze how color is used creatively in essential work, Red Deser, directed by Michelangelo Antoioni, one of the most unique film director in film history. in Red Desert, Antonioni especially tried to focus on the use of color to develop the narrative. Therefore, through the analysis of the Red Desert, this paper will endeavor to support the perspective that the role of color is not only a mere backdrop but has the primary funtion of storytelling in this film.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.863-867
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• 2021

In this paper, in order to hide the watermark in the LSB of the color image, a color image watermarking technique with high security is proposed by using the adjacent pixels of the image and the spatial encryption technique. According to the technique proposed in this paper, the quality of the stego-image generated by hiding the watermark in the LSB of the color image is so excellent that the difference from the original image cannot be recognized, and the original watermark can be extracted from the stego-image without loss. If the watermark is hidden in the image using the proposed technique, the security of the watermark is maintained very high because the watermark hidden in the stego-image is multi-encrypted. The proposed watermarking technique can be used in applications such as military and intellectual property protection that require high security.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.577-587
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• 2016

Natural dye extracted from Salicornia bigelovii was applied to silk fabrics by dip dyeing process. The dyeing properties and the functionalities of the silk fabrics were determined. Factors affecting the dyeing properties such as dyestuff concentration, temperature, time and pH were studied. The colorimetric parameters $L^*$, $a^*$, $b^*$, and H, V/C values were measured to select the optimal mordanting conditions. The color-fastnesses of the dyed and mordanted fabrics were estimated for practical use; in addition, the antibacterial property, ultraviolet protection properties were evaluated. The dyeabilities of silk increased depending on the increasing dye concentration, dyeing time, and dyeing temperature. And optimum dyeing results were achieved when dyeing with 300% (o.w.f.) of dye concentration at $90^{\circ}C$ for 100 minutes and at pH 3. The dyed silk fabrics without mordants produced yellow (Y) color and showed yellow (Y) or green yellow (GY) colors depending on the mordants type. The light fastness of dyed and Al mordanted silk fabrics were found to be excellent, and the drycleaning and rubbing fastness were good. The dyed silk fabrics showed no antibacterial property, but Al and Cu mordanted silk fabrics showed 99.9% reduction rate. The ultraviolet protection properties of the dyed silk fabric was improved. And the ultraviolet protection properties of mordanted samples showed very good ultraviolet protection properties.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.686-694
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• 2012

This study was conducted to develop a method to change the color of traditional Dongchimi using natural dyes to meet changing consumer demands. It was intended to improve the manufacturing process ability for color Dongchimi, and the best optimum extraction solvent and method from the natural dyes were proven to be confirmed and valid. The extraction process was evaluated using different solvents including distilled water, 20% ethyl alcohol, and 1% citric acid, and the quantity of the extracted anthocyanin was then measured based on the absorbance. The greatest absorbance was observed when 1% citric acid was used. Based on these findings, it would be most efficient to allow the traditional Dongchimi to produce citric acid naturally instead of using artificial additives during its production. Celosia cristata L. was extracted in its largest quantity when reacted with 20% ethyl alcohol. Therefore, instead of applying Celosia cristata L. to Dongchimi as the sub-ingredient during the preparatory stage, it will be more efficient to use Celosia cristata L. as the fractional ingredient in order to first extraction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.501-505
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• 2011

Soybean powder is a readily-available food ingredient. Furthermore, saltwort powder is an herb with various physiological effects. Therefore, in this study we examined the physiochemical characteristics of soybean dasik prepared with 0, 4, 8, and 12% saltwort powder. We measured Hunter's color values, mechanical characteristics, and sensory qualities. The result of each analysis is as follows. There were not significant differences between the moisture content of the control group and the groups with saltwort powder. The ash content increased while the fat and protein content decreased as the ratio of saltwort powder increased (p<0.001). In the analysis of color differences, the L, a, and b values decreased as the ratio of saltwort powder increased (p<0.001). The hardness (p<0.001) of the groups increased as the ratio of saltwort powder increased, but adhesiveness decreased. Sensory evaluation data showed that softness, hardness, and chewiness decreased while color increased as the ratio of saltwort powder increased. Finally, aroma, sweet taste, nutty taste, and overall acceptability was shown to be best for the 4% addition group.