• 대한수의학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.633-639
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• 2003

We investigated the effect of green tea and its fractions of alcohol and polysaccharide on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation, and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of mice irradiated with high and low dose of gamma-irradiation. Jejunal crypts were protected by pretreatment of green tea (i.p.: 50 mg/kg of body weight, at 12 and 36 hours before irradiation., p.o.: 1.25% water extract, for 7days before irradiation, p<0.01) and alcohol and polysaccharide fractions showed no significant modifying effects. Green tea and its fractions administration before irradiation (i.p. at 12 and 36hours before irradiation) resulted in an increase of the formation of endogenous spleen colony (p<0.05). The frequency of radiation-induced apoptosis in intestinal crypt cells was also reduced by pretreatment of green tea (i.p. at 12 and 36 hours before irradiation, p<0.05., p.o. for 7days before irradiation, p<0.001) and its fractions (p<0.001). These results indicated that green tea might be a useful radioprotector, especially since it is a relatively nontoxic natural product. Further studies are needed to characterize better the promotion nature of green tea and its components.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.179-184
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• 2004

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of ginseng saponins (panaxadiol, ginsenoside $Rb_1$, $Rb_2$, Rc, Rd) on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of mice irradiated with gamma-ray. ICR mice were given each saponin (i.p. 50 mg/kg of body weight) at 24 hours before irradiation. The radioprotective effects of saponins were compared with the irradiation control respectively. The jejunal crypts were protected by pretreatment with ginsenoside Rc (p<0.05) and Rd (p<0.05). The spleen colony was increased by pretreatment with panaxadiol (p<0.05) and ginsenoside Rd (p<0.05). And the frequency of radiation induced apoptosis was significantly reduced by pretreatment with panaxadiol (p<0.05), ginsenoside Rb2 (p<0.05), Rc (p<0.05) and Rd (p<0.01). These results suggest that ginsenoside Rc, Rd might have a major radioprotective effect.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.311-317
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• 2001

YHB6211, a newly developed recombinant human granulocyte colonystimulating factor, was administered at dose levels of 0, 3, 15, and 75 $\mu$g/kg/day intravenously to the pregnant New Zealand White rabbits (20 rabbits per group) during the organogenetic period, days 6 to 18 of gestation. All dams were subjected to Caesarian section on day 28 of gestation and their fetuses were examined for external, visceral, and skeletal abnormalities. No abnormalities in clinical signs, body weight changes, gross findings, mortality, and external appearance were found in all dams and fetuses exposed to 0, 3, and 15 $\mu$g/kg/day of YHB6211. However, in the group treated with 75 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg/day of YHB6211, maternal body and uterine weights, fetal body weights and length, and the number of live fetuses were significantly decreased and further fetal mortality was remarkably increased. It is suggested that YHB6211 may have no side effect up to the dose level of 15 $\mu$g/kg/day, and there would be no teratogenicity for fetuses of rabbits up to 75 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg/day even if it may have some toxic effects over 75$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg/day for dams and fetuses of rabbits.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 1998

CJ50001 is a recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating facto, (rHuG-CSF) that stimulates the formation of neutrophils from bone marrow stem cells. It was produced in E. colt and purified through refolding and several processes. We produced CS970125(300) using purified C150001 and additives in order to test the stability of CJ50001. When CS970125(300) was stored at 50'S for more than 1 week, high molecular weight proteins were formed and those proteins were detected by non-reducing SDS-PAGE, gel filtration HPLC, and Western blot. Those proteins showed single band at the same position of CJ50001 in reducing SDS-PAGE. These data indicated that those high molecular weight proteins were the multimers of C150001. In biological assays, iu viro and in viro, the multimers did not have biological activity and inhibitory action to that of CJ 50001. The mutimers did not induce toxicity in mice and rats in acute toxicity test. These results suggest that if Cs970125(300) containing CJ50001 is stored at 5$0^{\circ}C$, CJ50001 will be the multimers that do not have biological activity and inhibitory effect to CJ50001 and do not induce acute toxicity.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제17B권5호
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• pp.389-398
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• 2010

차량 경로 스케줄링 문제(VRSPTW, the Vehicle Routing and Scheduling Problem with Time Window)는 여러 고객의 시간 제약과 요구량을 만족시키면서 최소 이동 비용을 가지는 경로를 구성하는 문제이다. 이 문제는 NP-Hard 문제이기 때문에 해를 산출하는데 시간이 오래 걸린다. 본 연구는 VRSPTW를 빠른 시간 내에 최근사해를 구하기 위한 멀티 비용 함수(Multi Cost Function)를 갖는 개미 군집 최적화(Ant Colony Optimization)을 이용한 휴리스틱을 제안하였다. 멀티 비용 함수는 각 개미가 다음 고객 노드로 이동하기 위해 비용을 평가할 때 거리, 요구량, 각도, 시간제약에 대해 서로 다른 가중치를 반영하여 우수한 초기 경로를 구할 수 있도록 한다. 본 연구의 실험결과에서 제안된 휴리스틱이 Solomon I1 휴리스틱과 기회시간이 반영된 하이브리드 휴리스틱보다 효율적으로 최근사 해를 얻을 수 있음을 보였다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.475-483
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• 2002

We performed this study to determine the effect of Korean favorite teas (green tea, ginseng tea, coffee and barley tea) on jejunal crypt survival, endogenous spleen colony formation and apoptosis in jejunal crypt cells of mice irradiated with high and low dose of ${\gamma}$-radiation. Jejunal crypts were protected by pretreatment of green tea (P.O.: 1.25% water extract, for 7 days before irradiation., I.P.: 50 mg/kg of body weight, at 12 and 36 hours before irradiation, p<0.01) or ginseng (I.P.: 50 mg/kg of body weight, at 12 and 36 hours before irradiation, p<0.05). Green tea (p<0.05) or ginseng (p<0.05) administration before irradiation (I.P. at 12 and 36 hours before irradiation) resulted in an increase of t formation of endogenous spleen colony. The frequency of radiation-induced apoptosis was also reduced by pretreatment of green tea (P.O.: p<0.005, I.P.: p<0.05), pretreatment of ginseng (P.O.: p<0.005, I.P.: p<0.005) or posttreatment of ginseng (I.P.: 50 mg/kg of body weight, at 30 minutes after irradiation, p<0.05). Treatment with coffee or barley tea showed no significant modifying effects on the radiation-induced damages. These results indicated that green tea and ginseng might be a useful radioprotector, especially since it is a relatively nontoxic natural product. Further studies are needed to characterize better the promotion nature of green tea, ginseng and its components.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.250-253
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• 2000

The effects of high relative humidity (RH) on the physicochemical properties and microbial activity of mature green tomatoes ('Dombito') during refrigerated storage were determined at three temperatures (5, 10, and $15^{\circ}C$) and four different RH levels (91, 94, 97, and 99%). At each temperature, the weight loss rates of tomatoes at different levels of RH were significantly (p<0.05) different from each other. For the samples stored at $10^{\circ}C$, the weight losses were generally higher than those for the samples at $15^{\circ}C$ within the same RH level (i.e., greater vapor pressure deficit). The color change rates ('a' value) showed positive slopes, indicating that the tomato color was changing from green to red. Neither bacteria nor fungi caused visible damages to the samples, and the microbial counts were below 650 colony forming units/$cm^2$ during the test period.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.133-142
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• 1980

소나무(Pinus densiflora)에 기생(寄生)하는 복령(茯岺)(Poria cocos) 의 생육(生育)과 배양(培養)에 관한 성질(性質)을 조사(性質)하기 위하여 1979년(年) 5월(月) 1일(日) 부터 1980년(年) 10월(月) 30일(日)까지 연구(硏究) 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 최적(最適) pH 는 5.0 이고 최저(最適) 3.0 에서는 성장(成長)이 부양(不良)하며 최고(不良) 7.0 이상에서는 생육(不良)되지 않았다. 2. 적온도(適溫度)는 $25{\sim}27^{\circ}C$이며, $20^{\circ}C$ 이하(以下)에서는 생육(生育)이 불량(不良)하고 $5^{\circ}C$에서는 생장(生長)하지 않았다. 3. Robbins와 Hervey(1958)의 고체배지(固體培地)에서는 malt extract(2% malt extract 에서 집락(集落)의 지름 90mm), tomato extract(8% extract 에서 집락(集落)의 지름 90mm)의 순으로 생장(生長)하였다. 4. Badcock의 방법(方法)에서는 P.D.A.+5%accelerator (집락(集落)의 지름 85mm)로 가장 좋은 생육(生育)을 하였고, 2% malt extract+5% accelerator (균사의 건량 410mg)이었으며, wood extract agar 에 5% accelerator를 첨가(添加)한 배지(培地)에서는 집락(集落)의 지름 36mm로 생육상태(生育狀態)가 불량(不良) 하였다. 5. Wood extract 첨가배지(添加培地)는 20%씩 첨가(添加)했을 때 참나무(Querous acutisssima)의 균사건량 305.3mg, 아카시아나무(Robinia pseudoacasia) 256.3mg., 오리나무(Alnus juponica) 135mg, (Pinus densiflora) 134mg., 밤나무(Meliosma myriantha) 122mg.의 성장(成長)을 나타냈다. 6. amino acid 첨가배지(添加培地)에서 는 L-aspargine 이 균사건량 44.5mg.으로 성장(成長)이 가장 양호(良好)하였고, ammonium sulfate 가 15.5mg 으로 가장 저조(低調)하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2016

암전이는 현재까지 적당한 치료제가 거의 없었기 때문에 암에 의한 사망의 주요한 원인 중의 하나로 인식되고 있다. 최근 본 연구팀은 마늘 추출물과 순수분리한 성분에 대한 암전이 억제 시험 결과 마늘의 추출물 또는 성분이 암전이를 억제시켰으며, 역학조사에서도 마늘을 많이 섭취한 사람은 암의 발생을 억제시키는 것으로 보고되어 있다, 본 연구의 암전이 실험에서는 C57BL/6 mouse의 꼬리 정맥에 melanoma B16F10세포를 주사하여 폐에 전이를 유도하였다. 암세포 주사 1일 후에 마늘의 헥산 추출물 50, 100 및 200 mg/kg body weight를 2일 간격으로 21일 동안 구강투여 한 다음 암전이 억제효과를 조사하였다. GHE를 처리하지 않은 대조구에서는 폐에서 암 colony가 97.4±30.2으로 대량 생성되었다. GHE를 50, 100 및 200 mg/kg의 농도로 경구투여시에 암전이 빈도는 각각 6.93, 46.80 및 50.53% 억제하였다. 또한 100 mg/kg body weight 경구투여 시에는 폐로 암전이 억제율이 약 53% 이상으로 매우 높았다. 폐에서 melanoma cell colony의 발생율과 면적은 마늘 헥산 추출물의 농도가 높을수록 감소하였다. 결론적으로 C57BL/6 mice의 암전이 모델에서 마늘 헥산추출물의 구강투여는 폐에 암전이를 억제시켰으나, 향후 그 기작에 대한 연구가 수행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2006

Background: Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is known as a cytokine central to the hematopoiesis of blood cells and to modulate their cellular functions. Besides granulocytes and their precursors, monocytes/macrophages and endothelial cells are direct target cells of G-CSF action. G-CSF influences immune cells in an anti inflammatory way. Methods: To evaluate whether G-CSF has a potential for preventing or ameliorating diseases characterized by mucosal inflammation, we used a mouse model with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced inflammatory colitis. To the mice model G-CSF was administrated daily by intraperitoneal injection. Macroscopic evaluation and immunohistochemical analysis of colonic tissues were performed. Results: Re combinant human G-CSF significantly inhibited LPS-induced TNF-${\alpha}$ mRNA expression in THP-1 cells. As for in vivo relevance, G-CSF dramatically reduced the weight loss of mice, colonic damage, and mucosal ulceration that characterize TNBS colitis. Moreover, G-CSF suppressed the expression of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, interleukin-$1{\beta}$, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in TNBS colitis. Conclusion: Current results demonstrate that G-CSF may be an effective agent for the treatment of diseases characterized by mucosal inflammation.