• 핵의학기술
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.71-75
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• 2013

현재 PET/CT 검사에서 저선량 CT를 이용한 감쇠 보정을 사용하고 있다. 하지만 환자 호흡으로 인한 횡격막 부근의 저선량 CT 영상과 Emission 영상의 불일치로 감쇠 보정영상에서 Artifact가 발생하는 경우가 있다. 본 연구는 보정방법 중 CTAC Shift를 이용하여 환자의 호흡에 의한 Artifact의 감소를 연구했다. 2012년 3월부터 9월까지 PET/CT Discovery 600 (GE Healthcare, MI, USA) 장비를 이용하여 호흡에 의한 Artifact가 발생한 환자 30명을 대상으로 했다. Artifact가 발생한 환자는 횡격막 부분을 추가검사하였고, 전신 검사 시 Artifact가 발생한 영상을 CTAC Shift를 이용하여 보정했다. Artifact 발생 영상, 추가 검사영상, CTAC Shift 보정 영상의 육안적 평가는 핵의학 전문의 1명과 5년 이상 근무한 방사선사 4명에 의해 1-5점으로 나누어 평가했다. 또한 각 영상의 표준섭취화 계수를 ANOVA를 이용하여 비교했다. Artifact 발생 영상에 비해 추가 검사 영상과 CTAC Shift 보정 영상은 육안적 평가에서 상대적으로 높은 점수를 받았다. 추가 검사 영상과 CTAC Shift 보정 영상은 표준섭취화 계수의 ANOVA 결과, 높은 상관관계를 갖고 있으며, 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. PET/CT 검사 시 환자의 호흡에 의한 Artifact가 발생 할 경우 추가 검사로 인한 검사 시간이 증가하여 환자의 불편 뿐 아니라 피폭도 증가한다. 하지만 추가 검사 없이 CTAC Shift를 이용하여 보정된 영상을 획득한다면 불필요한 피폭 및 추가 검사도 감소하며, 정확한 진단에 도움을 줄 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.89-113
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• 2023

본 연구는 폭염 취약지역을 도출하고, 폭염 피해와의 공간적 일치성 분석을 통해 공간 유형화 및 정책적 방향성에 대해 논의하고자 한다. 연구 방법은 IPCC의 기후변화 취약성 평가와 공간통계 비교분석을 활용하였으며, 폭염이 가장 극심했던 2018년을 포함하는 5개년(2015~2019)의 전국 시군구를 대상으로 하였다. 폭염 취약성은 다양한 요소 중 폭염 영향을 나타내는 폭염일수(노출)가 가장 큰 영향을 미치고 있었으며, 폭염에 대한 민감도와 적응 능력은 지역의 특성에 따라 경향성이 나타나는 것으로 확인되었다. 폭염 취약성과 피해의 관계는 공간적 일치성을 통해 4개 유형으로 구분하였으며, 취약성과 피해가 정의 관계를 가지는 Hot to Hot, Cold to Cold 유형과 역의 관계를 가지는 Hot to Cold, Cold to Hot 유형을 도출하였다. 이는 유형별로 지역의 특성과 현황이 상이하므로 유형에 따라 개선을 위한 정책과 연구의 방향성을 달리 설정해야 한다는 시사점을 남긴다. 해당 연구는 폭염 취약성과 피해를 함께 고려하여 지역을 유형화하고, 유형별 대응 방향성에 대해 살펴본 점에서 추후 폭염 관련 정책 수립에 기초자료로 활용되기를 기대한다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.309-316
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• 2015

In this experiment, five commercial cultivars and one wild species of loquat were used to investigate frost tolerance and enzymatic activities in leaves and young fruits under cold stress at $-3^{\circ}C$. The frost injury, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and oxygen-scavenging enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were studied. This results showed that the wild species 'Wild Oak-leaf' loquat was the most frost tolerant among accessions tested, followed by the cultivar 'Golden Block'. Other cultivars, 'Wu Gong Bai', 'Taicheng 4', 'Xiangzhong 11' and 'Zaozhong 6', were relatively weak in frost tolerance. The enzymatic activities of SOD, POD and CAT increased initially and then decreased as the exposure time increased. However, the enzymatic peak occurred later in the frost-tolerant accession than in the frost-sensitive accession. The correlation coefficients of MDA contents between leaves and immature fruits were from 0.93 to 0.99 in the five commercial loquat cultivars. For the 'Wild Oak-leaf' loquat, the correlation coefficients of MDA and POD were 0.98 and 0.95, respectively, but the coefficients for SOD, CAT and APX were relatively low. In general, there were good correlations between loquat leaves and immature fruits in MDA content and enzyme activities. These results indicate that analysis of these physiological and biochemical activities in loquat leaves could potentially be used to predict the cold tolerance in loquat at immature fruit stage and to accelerate breeding programs for cold tolerance in loquat.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2015

Frozen food processing workers work under a cold environment which can cause several adverse health effects.This study explored factors affecting workers' health in the frozen food industry in Thailand. Participants comprised 497 workers exposed to a cold working environment and 255 office workers who served as the controls. Data were collected by a survey on the work environment, and the interview of workers for abnormal symptoms. The exposed group had the following characteristics: 52.7% male, overall average age of 27 (SD 6.6) years old, attained elementary education (Grade 4 and Grade 6) (54.1%), married (48.9%), smokers (21.3%), alcohol consumption (31.0%), duration of work was between 1 and 5 years (65.2%), working 6 days a week (82.7%), 1-5 hours of overtime per week (33.8%), office workers (33.9%); work category: sizing (6.9%), peeling (28.3%) dissecting (22.2%), and in the warehouse (8.6%). The temperature in the work environment ranged from $17.2^{\circ}C$ to $19.2^{\circ}C$ in most sections, $-18.0^{\circ}C$ in the warehouse, and $25^{\circ}C$ in the office areas. Warehouse workers had more abnormal symptoms than controls including repeated pain in the musculoskeletal system (OR 11.9; 95% CI 6.12-23.45), disturbance throughout the body (OR 4.60; 95% CI 2.00-10.56), respiratory symptoms (OR 9.73; 95% CI 3.53-26.80), episodic finger symptoms (OR 13.51; 95% CI 5.17-35.33). The study results suggest that workers' health should be monitored especially with regard to back and muscle pain, respiratory symptoms, episodic finger symptoms, and cardiovascular symptoms. Health promotion campaigns such as antismoking and reduction of alcohol consumption should be established because smoking and alcohol consumption are contributing factors to the pathogenesis of Raynaud's phenomenon and peripheral vascular disorders such as hypertension and heart disease.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.181-187
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• 2013

In order to investigate environmental stress inducible genes in abalone, we analyzed differentially expressed transcripts from a Pacific abalone, Haliotis discus hannai, after exposure to heat-, cold- or hyposalinity-shock by suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) method. 1,074 unique sequences from SSH libraries were composed to 115 clusters and 986 singletons, the overall redundancy of the library was 16.3%. From the BLAST search, of the 1,316 ESTs, 998 ESTs (75.8%) were identified as known genes, but 318 clones (24.2%) did not match to any previously described genes. From the comparison results of ESTs pattern of three SSH cDNA libraries, the most abundant EST was different in each SSH library: small heat shock protein p26 (sHSP26) in heat-shock, trypsinogen 2 in cold-shock, and actin in hyposalinity SSH cDNA library. Based on sequence similarities, several response-to-stress genes such as heat shock proteins (HSPs) were identified commonly from the abalone SSH libraries. HSP70 gene was induced by environmental stress regardless of temperature-shock or salinity-stress, while the increase of sHSP26 mRNA expression was not detected in cold-shock but in heat-shock condition. These results suggest that the suppression subtractive hybridization method is an efficient way to isolate differentially expressed gene from the invertebrate environmental stress-response transcriptome.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.405-415
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• 2019

This study examined the physiological and psychological effects of wearing a winter cap at rest in a cold environment. Seven older males participated in two separate trials: wearing a winter cap (CAP) and non-wearing a winter cap (CON). The experiment was conducted for 60 min in a climatic chamber (air temperature $7.8{\pm}0.3^{\circ}C$ with $43{\pm}2%RH$) with sedentary posture. Microclimate temperature at the vertex of the head was $6.88^{\circ}C$ higher in CAP compared to CON (p<.01). Microclimate humidity at the vertex was lower in CAP than in CON only during the last 5 min (p<.01). Skin temperature at the forehead in CAP was higher than in CON (p<.01). During the last 5 min, rectal temperature was higher in CAP than that in CON (p<.05). Unlike CAP, the heart rate in CON during the last 5 min decreased significantly compared to the initial 5 min (p<.05). Subjects also felt less cold on the head/face in CAP than that in CON (p<.01). The results indicate that wearing a cap for elderly males positively affected body temperature regulation and cardiovascular response in cold environments. The importance of wearing warm hats for elderly males in winter should be emphasized.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.230-243
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• 1996

Root surface exposure due to gingival recession after periodontal surgery, dentin exposure after root planing elicit pain response when exposed to mechanical, heat, chemical or osmotic stimulation. Especially, patients treated with periodontal surgery, show high frequency and there have been reports showing the 1 out of 7 patients have dentin hypersensitivity. There have been many studies on the clinical effects of various materials on the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity. but, none could provide absolute clinical efficacy. In this study, 45 teeth from 30 patients, who had had periodontal surgery and showed dentin hypersensitivity after surgery were chosen for the experimental group and they were illuminated with laser, 15teeth were chosen for the control group and they were not exposed to laser. After this dentin hypersensitivity was elicited by tactile, compressed air, cold water and then, the degree was evaluated using NRS(Numerical Rating Scale). And during LLLT(Low Level Laser Therapy) semiconductor laser using Gallium - Arsenide as a diode was illuminated for 180 seconds at a frequency of 7(500Hz). This therapy was done 10 times, and each time the changes in dentin hypersensitivity was evaluated using NRS. The results were as follows : 1. After treat with LLLT on dentin hypersensitivity due to periodontal surgery, 22.2% showed total loss of dentin hypersensitivity, 60.0% showed loss of tactile dentin hypersensitivity, 48.8% showed loss of compressed air dentin hypersensitivity, 22.2% showed loss of cold water dentin hypersensitivity. 2. As a result of clinical evaluation of dentin hypersensitivity using NRS, there was significant increase in improvement of dentin hypersensitivity in the experimental group compare to the control group(P<0.05). And there was almost no natural loss of dentin hypersensitivity in the control group. 3. In comparison of the stages of evaluation, there was significant difference in between experimental and control group. after the second visit(P<0.05), and the difference increased with each visit.

• 한국농촌생활과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1994

온랭 열 자극에 대하여 인체의 말초 혈류량과 심박수가 어떻게 반응하는가를 관찰하기 위하여 건강한 성인 여자 4명을 피험자로 실험군과 비교군으로 나누어 실험을 실시하였다. 실험군은 온랭열 자극의 단기 훈련을 12회 실시하고 비교군은 실험군의 초기와 말기 2회 실시하여 얻은 결과를 비교ㆍ검토하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. $\circled1$ 실험군에서의 손가락 혈류량의 초기 반응은 훈련 후에 민감해졌다. $\circled2$ 심박수는 냉수 노출시보다 온수 노출시 증가하였다. $\circled3$ 실험군과 비교군간에는 혈류량의 변화 형태와 심박수에 차이가 있었다. 이상에서 E-군과 C-군의 혈류량과 심박수에서 차이를 나타낸 것은 단기 훈련 효과에 의한 것으로 추정된다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to suggest the clinical characteristics and risk factors of facial palsy from the perspective of Korean Medicine. Methods: Medical records of 856 patients, who visited the Korean Medicine hospital with facial palsy from 2004 to 2019, were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical characteristics of facial palsy were suggested by figuring out the distribution of age, sex, occupation, onset season, obesity, modes, signs, symptoms, past and family history. Results: By gender, there were more males (54.6%), and the most common age groups were in their 50s (27.4%) and 40s (23.6%). As for the occupation, unemployed (27.7%) and service and sales workers (14.6%) were the most common, and the onset season was the most common in winter (28.9%). The most common clinical characteristics were overwork (33.0%), mental stress (24.8%), and exposure to cold (19.3%) in modes, 'none' (64.3%), postauricular pain (33.2%) in signs, postauricular pain (26.9%), parageusia (14.8%) in symptoms. Hypertension and diabetes were the most common in both past and family history. In particular, the obesity rate of the subjects (59.8%) was much higher than that of Koreans (32.8%). Conclusions: Based on the historical Korean Medicine literature and the results of this study, it is suggested that overwork, stress, exposure to cold, and obesity are identified as risk factors for facial palsy. Furthermore, dysfunction of the stomach meridian is thought to contribute to the cause of facial palsy.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.107-120
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• 1986

한냉환경에 Sprague-Dawley계 웅성흰쥐를 순화시켜 SLDH, SLDH 동위효소, SALP, SALP 동위효소 및 SCPK 등의 활성치의 보상 변화에 따른 변화를 관찰 검토하였다. 한냉순화는 $4\\pm1^\\circC$(상대습도 70$\\sim$80%)에서 안정상태로 36일간 순화처리 하였으며 SLDH의 활성치는 한냉순화 초기에 유의성 있게 증가하였으나 곧 감소되어 정상치로 접근하며 36일구 까지 항정상태를 지속하였으며, 대조군의 SLDH 동위효소는 주로 3개의 전기영동분획 즉 $LDH_1, LDH_2, LDH_4 및 LDH_5$를 나타냈으나 한냉순화 기간중에는 3개의 분획 즉 $LDH_1, LDH_2 및 LDH_3$가 나타났으며, 한냉순화 시의 SLDH의 상승은 $SLDH_1, SLDH_2 및 SLDH_3$의 반영이라고 생각되며 SALP의 활성치는 한냉순화 초기에 유의적으로 증가하였으나 곧 감소되어 정상치로 접근하여 36일구까지 항정상태를 지속하였고, 대조군의 SALP동위효소는 2개의 전기영동분획을 지속하고 있으며, 한냉순화군 초기의 SALP 활성치의 증가는 $SALP_1$ 분획의 즉각적인 증가의 반영임을 알 수 있고, 한냉순화로 인하여 SCPK의 활성치는 순화초기에 유의적으로 상승하였으나 곧이어 안정치로 접근하여 순화 말기까지 항정상태를 지속하였다. 한냉순화$(4\\pm1^\\circC)$처리는 한냉 초기에 SLDH, SLDH 동위효소, SALP, SALP 동위효소 및 SCPK 활성치 모두에 영향을 끼치는 것으로 생각되며 따라서 상기 각종 효소가 직접 또는 간접적으로 열적조절에 관여하는 것으로 생각된다.